Assessment of structural changes in agricultural production in the Russian Far East in the context of import substitution
The article evaluates structural changes in agricultural production in the Russian Far East (makrorenion) in comparison with the situation in the country as a whole. Scientific novelty of the research: indicators of structural shifts in the production of certain types of agricultural products were calculated, for which a critical dependence on external supplies is noted. Practical significance of the study: the conclusions formulated in the study can be used in determining the priority areas of structural policy at the meso-level (including when planning the distribution of state support for agricultural producers). The author analyzed the value of the coefficient of reaching the threshold level of food independence for the main types of agricultural products of the country and the macroregion in the period 2014–2018, based on the results of which a reasoned conclusion was made about the unsatisfactory pace of implementation of the import substitution program at the level of the Far East. The structure of production in the context of the main categories of commodity producers in the Russian Federation and the Far East of those types of agricultural products, the provision of which does not meet the threshold values of food security, has been investigated, namely: in crop production – grain crops, vegetables in open and protected ground; in animal husbandry – meat of cattle and poultry, milk. The article calculates the following indicators of structural shifts in the production of crop and livestock products: weight, average annual rate of change and structural shift index. It is concluded that in order to increase the effectiveness of import substitution in the Far East of Russia, management decisions are needed to transform negative structural shifts in the agricultural sector into positive ones, including by stimulating the activities of agricultural enterprises of various organizational and legal forms.