scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic decrease men’s mental health: background and consequence analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Reis de Sousa ◽  
Wanderson Carneiro Moreira ◽  
Aline Macêdo Queiroz ◽  
Murilo Fernandes Rezende ◽  
Jules Ramon Brito Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Dissolution ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze, from the perspective of self-report of antecedents and consequences, how the COVID-19 pandemic decrease the health of men living in Brazil. Methods: Qualitative study, conducted with 200 men living in all regions of Brazil through the application of a semi-structured instrument, hosted on an online platform. The data were analyzed with the Collective Subject Discourse method and anchored in the theoretical framework of Dialectical Historical Materialism. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic decrease men’s mental health because it worsened the history of personal, affective, family, occupational, dysfunctional and/or morbid problems, causing consequences of psychic somatization, family dissolution, end of affective relationship, marital conflicts, social isolation, financial difficulty, vulnerability of the work situation and occupational exhaustion, sudden changes in behavior, barriers in access to health care and impaired experiences of death and grief. Conclusions: Social support networks need to be strengthened in order to minimize the direct and indirect impacts caused by the pandemic materiality for mental health and the various dimensions of life affected.

scholarly journals Brain Injury and Mental Health Among the Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: A Case-Series Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnur Karakurt ◽  
Kathleen Whiting ◽  
Stephen E. Jones ◽  
Mark J. Lowe ◽  
Stephen M. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of

Intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors frequently report face, head, and neck as their injury site. Many mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are undiagnosed or underreported among IPV survivors while these injuries may be linked to changes in brain function or pathology. TBI sustained due to IPV often occurs over time and ranges in severity. The aim of this case-series study was to explore risk factors, symptoms, and brain changes unique to survivors of intimate partner violence with suspicion of TBI. This case-series exploratory study examines the potential relationships among IPV, mental health issues, and TBI. Participants of this study included six women: 3 women with a history of IPV without any experience of concussive blunt force to the head, and 3 women with a history of IPV with concussive head trauma. Participants completed 7T MRI of the brain, self-report psychological questionnaires regarding their mental health, relationships, and IPV, and the Structured Clinical Interview. MRI scans were analyzed for cerebral hemorrhage, white matter disturbance, and cortical thinning. Results indicated significant differences in resting-state connectivity among survivors of partner violence as well as differences in relationship dynamics and mental health symptoms. White matter hyperintensities are also observed among the survivors. Developing guidelines and recommendations for TBI-risk screening, referrals, and appropriate service provision is crucial for the effective treatment of TBI-associated IPV. Early and accurate characterization of TBI in survivors of IPV may relieve certain neuropsychological consequences.

Abstract 223: Association Between Covid-19 Pandemic Related Anxiety and Advanced Care Planning Desire in Cardiac Arrest Survivors

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Meyer ◽  
Samuel Jacobson ◽  
David Roh ◽  
Soojin Park ◽  
Jan Claassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Advanced Directives ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Desire To Change

Introduction: Patients with cardiovascular disease conditions are at high risk for direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on morbidity and mortality. In light of this, we aimed to assess the extent to which COVID-19-related anxiety in patients with a history of cardiac arrest (CA) correlates with the desire to change or discuss advanced directives. Methods: Between May 15-28, 2020, a month after the New York City (NYC) COVID-19 pandemic peak, CA survivors from a prospective cohort were invited to participate in a telephone-based assessment of the pandemic’s impact on psychological and other survivorship dimensions. COVID-19-related anxiety was measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-3 scale, which asks how often respondents felt (1) anxious, (2) unable to stop worrying, and (3) excessively worried over two weeks, and was keyed to the COVID-19 pandemic. Desire to discuss or to change financial and/or health-related advanced directives were reported on a yes-or-no basis. Results: 100 approached, 69 CA survivors participated (53% male; age 61±15 years; 44% White, 20% Black, and 31% Latinx). A majority, 58 of 69 (84%), had no COVID-19 symptoms and/or were not tested. Only 12 of the 69 respondents (17%) showed interest in discussing or changing advanced directives. There were no significant differences in the age, sex, race, or COVID-19 symptoms status between those who showed desire versus those who did not. Desire to change advance directives was significantly associated with increased COVID-19-related anxiety (OR 1.5, CI 95% [1.2-1.9] p<0.002). Conclusions: In CA survivors, a desire to change financial or healthcare-related advanced directives during the COVID-19 outbreak was associated with increased pandemic-related anxiety. The causality and directionality of this relationship require further, qualitative study.

Telemedicine Basics

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Guenevere Burke ◽  
Jared Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Improve Access

Telemedicine is a rapidly growing field in health care and emergency medicine. Telemedicine, telehealth, and virtual health refer to the use of telecommunications technology and electronic information to support health and provide care over distance. It has been used to improve access to health care in geographically remote areas for decades, but its use and recognized benefits have expanded considerably over the years, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter provides a brief overview of the history of telemedicine, introduces key terms, and reviews basic definitions that are foundational to telemedicine practice. Finally, it summarizes a wide array of telehealth applications in emergency medicine, which are detailed further in later chapters.

Biotic resistance to plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
John D. Parker ◽  
◽  
John L. Devaney ◽  
Nathan P. Lemoine ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Plant Invaders ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Tropics

Biotic resistance to plant invasions takes many forms: consumption by native herbivores, competition with native plants and infection by native pathogens. But how often does biotic resistance prevent the damaging monocultures that typify the most problematic plant invaders, and how often is biotic resistance overwhelmed by the direct and indirect impacts of human activities? This chapter attempts to answer these questions, drawing on the long history of research into biotic resistance. We first briefly describe the major forms of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions as an antecedent to other, more detailed chapters on competition, herbivory and pathogens. We then describe a new neutral model where variance in disturbance promotes invasions over the short term, but over longer timescales only propagule pressure drives invasions. These findings are a cautionary tale; pending increases in global trade and travel, particularly to the tropics, may provide the prerequisite disturbance and propagule pressure needed to ultimately stoke further invasions. Finally, we highlight case studies where invasions have been mitigated by restoration of biotic resistance from native herbivores and competitors. These studies provide strong empirical support that conservation of native biodiversity can be a nature-based solution to some invasions, although it remains to be seen if climate change will alter these effects over longer timescales.

scholarly journals Low Rates of Vasectomy Among Minorities: A Result of Differential Receipt of Counseling?

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Borrero ◽  
Charity G. Moore ◽  
Mitchell D. Creinin ◽  
Said A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Access To Health Care ◽  
White Men ◽  
Unintended Birth ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Male Sterilization ◽  
Effective Contraceptive Method ◽  
Effective Contraceptive

Male sterilization is a highly effective contraceptive method that is underused especially among minorities. This analysis examined the association between race/ethnicity and receipt of sterilization counseling. This study used data collected by the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. The analysis included men 15 to 44 years old who had not undergone sterilization. The outcome was receipt of sterilization counseling in the 12 months prior to interview, and the primary predictor was race/ethnicity. Sociodemographic characteristics, history of fathering an unintended birth, intention for more children, and access to health care were examined as confounders. Sixty-one (1.7%) men reported receiving sterilization counseling. Although counseling was reported more commonly by Black and Hispanic men compared with White men, the rates were not significantly different (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.8-7.1 and OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 0.9-4.1, respectively). In this nationally representative sample of men aged 15 to 44 years, there were exceedingly low rates of sterilization counseling for all men regardless of race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals COVID-19 policies in practice and their direct and indirect impacts in Northern California jails

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiran E Liu ◽  
Christopher LeBoa ◽  
Marcela Rodriguez ◽  
Beruk Sherif ◽  
Chrisele Trinidad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Survey Responses

Context: Although the increased risk of COVID-19 in carceral facilities is well documented, little is known about the practical barriers to infection control and indirect impacts of pandemic policies in these settings. Evidence in jails is especially scarce. Methods: Between July 8, 2020 and April 30, 2021 we performed SARS-CoV-2 serology testing and administered a questionnaire among residents and staff in four Northern California jails. We analyzed seroprevalence in conjunction with demographic factors and survey responses of self-perceived COVID-19 risk, recent illness, COVID-19 test results, and symptom reporting behaviors. We additionally assessed COVID-19 policies in practice and evaluated their impacts on court dates, mental health, and routine health care. We engaged stakeholder representatives, including incarcerated individuals and their advocates, to guide study design, conduct, and interpretation. Findings: We enrolled 788 incarcerated individuals and 380 staff across four county jails. Most seropositive individuals had not previously tested positive for COVID-19, despite many suspecting prior infection. Among incarcerated participants, we identified deficient access to face masks and prevalent symptom underreporting associated with fears of isolation and perceptions of medical neglect in jail. Incarcerated participants also reported substantial hindrances to court cases and reductions in routine health care due to COVID-19. Incarcerated individuals and staff both cited worsened mental health due to COVID-19, which for incarcerated individuals was largely attributable to further isolation from loved ones and other pandemic restrictions on recreation and programming. Conclusions: Perceptions of inadequate protection from COVID-19 were pervasive among incarcerated individuals. Simultaneously, restrictive measures compounded poor mental health and fostered fears of isolation that undermined effective infection control. Custody officials should work to systematically improve provision of masks, understand and mitigate fears and mistrust, and take proactive steps to minimize the detrimental impacts of restrictive policies on residents' mental health and well-being.

scholarly journals Converging evidence for enduring perceptions of low social status in individuals in remission from depression.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gillard ◽  
Siobhan Gormley ◽  
Kirsty Griffiths ◽  
Caitlin Hitchcock ◽  
Jason Stretton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Depressive Episodes

BackgroundThe risk of depressive relapse and recurrence is amplified by social risk factors including the perception of low social status. MethodsWe aimed to identify enduring difficulties with the perception of social status in a community sample with a self-reported history of mental health difficulties (Study 1) and, more specifically, in individuals in clinical remission from depression, relative to a never-depressed control group, and relative to a group experiencing a current depressive episode (Study 2). ResultsIn Study 1, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with perceptions of low social status which significantly differed between individuals with and without a self-reported history of mental health difficulties. Study 2 found enduring deficits in perceptions of social status in remitted depressed individuals, in the absence of current symptoms. LimitationsWe were unable to discern between historical or current clinical diagnosis in the community sample of Study 1, as we were reliant on self-report. We were unable to explore the effects of medication or causal relationships between depressive symptoms and social status as the studies were cross-sectional in nature. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that disrupted socio-cognitive profiles across a range of affiliative processes may confer increased vulnerability to future depressive episodes in those in remission.

scholarly journals Prospective study of the link between overweight/obesity and diabetes incidence among Mexican older adults: 2001-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Pinto ◽  
Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
History Of

Objective. To prospectively assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Mexicans aged 50+, assessing effects of age, genetic predisposition, education, physical activity, and place of esidence. Materials and methods. The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) was used to prospectively follow respondents free of diabetes in 2001 who became diabetic by 2012. Multivariate random effects logistic regression was used to assess covariates effects on the incidence of T2DM. Results. Obese or overweight individuals at baseline (2001) were about 3 and 2 times, respectively, significantly more likely to become diabetic by 2012. Genetic predisposition increases the risk of diabetes by about three times compared to those with no family history of diabetes. Conclusion. Overweight/ obesity and genetic predisposition are the primary drivers of diabetes incidence among Mexican older adults. Reducing body weight and having access to health care may ameliorate the disease burden of T2DM.

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