scholarly journals Production of shoots from ‘Smooth Cayenne’ pineapple crowns with nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurilena de Aviz Silva ◽  
Almy Junior Cordeiro de Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Cesar dos Santos ◽  
Marta Simone Mendonça Freitas ◽  
Roberto Rivelino do Nascimento Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Pineapple Fruit ◽  
Biometric Quality

Abstract Pineapple fruit crowns are rarely used as planting material in Brazil. However, they can be used to produce plantlet in situations of scarcity of planting material of adequate quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the production and nutritional status of early shoots of different sizes produced from ‘Smooth Cayenne’ pineapple crowns with nitrogen fertilization after the removal of its apical meristem. The experimental design adopted was that of randomized blocks in a 4x4 factorial scheme, with four nitrogen doses (5, 10, 15 and 20 g of urea per pot), four minimum shoot lengths at harvesting (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm), with four replicates. Under full sun cultivation conditions, crowns produced 18.11 and 6.83 shoots with 10 and 25 cm in length, respectively, up to 380 days after planting and removal of the apical meristem. Pineapple shoots harvested at 180 days presented better biometric quality and can be harvested up to 380 days after crown planting. Increasing urea doses reduce P, K and Ca levels in the dry mass of shoots.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CORN HYBRIDS (Zea mays) UNDER INOCULATION OF DIAZOTROPHIC BACTERIA AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
João Paulo Kruger Reznick ◽  
Volnei Pauletti ◽  
Daniel Malheiro Nascimento ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Cremonesi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

<br /><table class="data" width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="value">The aim of this work was to evaluate the development of corn genotypes under the effect of inoculation with <em>Azospirillum brasilense</em> in association with nitrogen fertilization. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial design (5x2x2) with three replications. Five corn hybrids were used, combined with two doses of nitrogen (N) (without N and with 100 kg ha<span>-1</span> N) and with two inoculation levels of <em>A.brasilense</em> (without and with inoculation). Plant stature and stem diameter at stadiums V8 and R1, leaf chlorophyll content at stadium R1 and dry mass at stadium R2 were evaluated. It was observed that when there was variation in the evaluated parameters, this was due to the different genetic materials and mainly due to the application of N. Inoculation with <em>A.brasilense</em> was not effective in altering the corn development.</td></tr></tbody></table>

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE ACCUMULATION AND REUTILIZATION OF DRY MASS IN GRAIN SORGHUM

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetla KOSTADINOVA ◽  
Zivko TODOROV ◽  
Ivan VELINOV
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Translocation Efficiency ◽  
Mass Accumulation

Accumulation and reutilization of dry mass until anthesis and during a grain fillingperiod of sorghum in response to nitrogen fertilization in rates 0, 60, 120, 180, 240and 300 kg N.ha-1 was studied in a field experiment. Grain sorghum hybrid ECAlize was grown under not- irrigated conditions in the experimental field ofAgricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The experimental design was arandomized, complete block design with four replications with a size ofexperimental plots of 20 m2 after wheat as predecessor. Standard farming practicesfor the region of Southern Bulgaria were applied. It was established that nitrogenfertilization significantly increased the amount of accumulated dry mass at anthesisand total above ground dry mass at maturity compared to N0. Not significant effectof higher rates (180, 240 and 300 kg N.ha-1) on the dry mass accumulation ofsorghum was found. Average post anthesis net dry mass accumulation was 3291kg.ha-1 and its amount increased in parallel with the nitrogen rate up to N180. Thehighest dry mass translocation, translocation efficiency, and contribution of preanthesisassimilations of the grain was established at nitrogen rate N120 with values2073 kg.ha-1, 25.0 % and 41,8 %, respectively. Growth of sorghum at highernitrogen rates N180, N240, N300 significantly decreased efficiency of dry masstranslocation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain. Nitrogenfertilization had very strong negative correlation with dry mass translocationefficiency (-0.860*) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain (-0.863*). Very strong positive correlation (0.988**) was found between dry masstranslocation efficiency and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain.

scholarly journals Nutrient omission effect on growth and nutritional status of assai palm seedlings1

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Reis Ribeiro Araújo ◽  
◽  
Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas ◽  
Raimundo Lázaro Moraes da Cunha ◽  
Werica Larissa Farias de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Leaf Nutrients ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cu And Zn

ABSTRACT The Amazonian assai palm has a great socioeconomic importance, but most of its commercial plantations take place in uplands and low natural fertility soils, what may hinder its development. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of nutrient omission on growth and nutritional status of assai palm seedlings (Ver-o-Peso cultivar). The experimental design was completely randomized, with 14 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments consisted of complete fertilization with liming; no fertilization and no liming (control); complete fertilization with individual omission of N, P, K, Ca, Ca with no liming, Mg, Mg with no liming, S, B, Cu and Zn. Plant height, stem diameter and dry mass, leaf and total shoot dry mass, and leaf nutrients content and accumulation were evaluated. The initial growth of the assai palm plants was limited by the omission of P, N, K, Ca, Mg and Cu. The production of leaf dry mass was decreasingly affected by the omission of P > Cu > N > K > Mg, while leaf area was limited by the individual omissions of Ca > N > P > K > Mg > Zn. Plant development, measured by relative growth of shoots, was affected by lack of Ca > P > N > Mg > Cu > K, with an average reduction of 31 %. The nutrients most needed by the assai palm plants, as evidenced by nutrients contents and accumulation in the leaf dry mass, are: N > K > S > Ca > Mg > P > Mn > Zn > B > Cu.

scholarly journals Parcelamento de doses da adubação nitrogenada na produtividade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de trigo

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Jéssica de Lucena Marinho ◽  
José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽  
Carolina Pereira Cardoso ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Correct Dose ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
The Right ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The application of nitrogen (N) in the correct dose and at the right time can favor the productivity and quality of wheat seeds. In this sense, the aim was to evaluate the effect of splitting and doses of nitrogen fertilization on the productivity and physiological quality of seeds of wheat cultivars. The seeds were produced at the National Soybean Research Center, in Londrina-PR, in a randomized block experimental design in a 2 × 7 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors were constituted by two cultivars (BRS Gralha-azul and BRS Sabiá) and seven combinations of doses and splitting of nitrogen fertilization (0 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1at tillering, 80 kg ha-1at tillering, 40 kg ha-1at sowing, 80 kg ha-1at sowing, 40 kg ha-1at sowing + 40 kg ha-1at tillering, 20 kg ha-1at sowing + 60 kg ha-1at tillering). The following were evaluated: productivity, germination, first germination count, length and dry mass of seedlings, emergence of seedlings in sand and emergence speed index. The data were subjected to analysis of variance with comparison of means by the F test, between genotypes, and Scott-Knott, between N combinations. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on seed productivity varies with the cultivar. The application of 80 kg ha-1N at sowing favors the vigorof the seeds for BRS Gralha-azul, and the application of 40 kg ha-1N at sowing, or 80 kg ha-1N at tillering favors the production of quality seeds for BRS Sabiá. The inadequate supply of N impairs the physiological quality of seeds produced.

scholarly journals Nitrogen content, SPAD index and production of single head broccoli

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Sanzio M Vidigal ◽  
Mário Puiatti ◽  
Iza Paula de C Lopes ◽  
Maria Aparecida N Sediyama
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
N Rates

ABSTRACT In the management of single head broccoli nitrogen fertilization, there is no study indicating the critical level and adequate range of N content and SPAD index in the leaves to evaluate the nitrogen nutritional status. This work was carried out in two consecutive years with control without N and three rates of N (150; 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The treatments were arranged in the experimental design of random blocks, with four replications. All productive characteristics were significantly influenced by N rates. The fresh inflorescence mass reached a maximum value of 822 g with 308 kg ha-1 N. The critical levels were 61.1 g kg-1 for total N foliar content and 71.31 ud SPAD at 40 DAT. The SPAD index presented high correlations with the total N content in the leaves (r = 0.93; p<0.034) and with the maximum fresh mass of the inflorescence (r = 0.99; p<0.001). The ranges of N content (low ≤52.5; medium 52.6 to 57.4; sufficient 57.5 to 61.1 and high >61.1 g kg-1) and SPAD index (low ≤68.48; medium 68.49 to 70.47; sufficient 70.48 to 71.31 and high >71.31 ud SPAD) are proposed for assessing the N nutritional status of single head broccoli.

scholarly journals Dry Matter and Macronutrient Accumulation in Digitaria insularis Biotypes Susceptible and Resistant to Glyphosate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Anne Elise Cesarin ◽  
Pedro Figueiredo Rocha Barbosa Martins ◽  
Arthur Arrobas Martins Barroso ◽  
Willians César Carrega ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Inflection Points

Herbicide resistant is associated with morphological, physiological and metabolic alterations in weeds. These alterations may reflect changes in the nutritional status of resistant plants and their growth it can be inferred in greater adaptability and competitive ability of the resistant biotypes. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the dry matter and macronutrient accumulation and distribution by glyphosate-resistant and susceptible plants of Digitaria insularis (sourgrass), growing under mineral nutrition standard conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eleven treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of evaluation periods at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 and 165 days after emergence (DAE). The average time for maximum theoretical accumulation (PtMax) and for inflection points of dry mass and macronutrient were lower for susceptible (133 DAE; 99 DAE) than for resistant biotype (141 DAE; 105 DAE). However, considering the average time obtained by susceptible, dry mass (g) and macronutrients (mg) accumulation was always higher for resistant biotype. The decreasing sequence of nutrient accumulation was similar for both sourgrass biotypes: K, N, Ca, Mg, P and S.

scholarly journals Pasture recovery with the application of agricultural gypsum associated with nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e913997981
Author(s):  
Gabriel Banos Rodrigues ◽  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Samira Rangel do Prado Frade ◽  
Luciano Flávio Neves Ramos ◽  
Bianca Pereira Franco de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Linear Interaction

The presence of toxic aluminum in the soil and N deficiency are one of the main causes of degradation of cultivated pastures, mainly of the Urochloa genus. The use of agricultural gypsum for restoring soil fertility is one of the ways to recover the productive capacity of degraded areas. Given the above, the work aims to assess pasture recovery with the application of agricultural gypsum associated with nitrogen fertilization. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 3x4 factorial arrangement, that is, absence of nitrogen, 50 kg ha-1 in the form of ammonium nitrate and 50 kg ha-1 urea, interacting with four doses of agricultural gypsum, namely: 0 ; 750; 1500 and 3000 kg ha-1 and with four replications, totaling 48 plots. The use of urea as a source of N resulted in a higher plant height (PH) when compared to the use of ammonium nitrate, representing a relative increase of approximately 12% in relation to the control. Dose of 1730.8 kg ha-1 of agricultural gypsum resulted in a maximum production of 4.97 t ha-1 of dry pasture. The linear interaction of the use of ammonium nitrate with gypsum doses shows an extremely interesting synergistic potential with this source. For dry mass of culms (CDM), the use of urea had a PMTE of 1730.8 kg ha-1 of agricultural gypsum resulting in 2.38 t ha-1. The culms dry mass of (CDM) represented 47.9% of the total dry mass of the pasture.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization of vegetables cultivated under no-tillage after cover crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto BF Branco ◽  
Sally F Blat ◽  
Tais GS Gimenes ◽  
Rodrigo HD Nowaki ◽  
Humberto S Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

ABSTRACT The production of horticultural crops in no-tillage and in rotation with cover crops reduces the dependency in nitrogen fertilizer, due to increased soil organic matter and by biological fixation performed by legumes. Thus, the aim of this work was to study rates of nitrogen fertilization and cover crops in the agronomic performance of tomato and broccoli grown under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with four replications. Treatments consisted of cover crops, sunn hemp and millet, and four rates of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg/ha of nitrogen), for both the tomato and broccoli crops. All soil management was performed in no-tillage. For tomato crops we evaluated the plant growth, the nitrate concentration of sprouts and fruits and yield of commercial and non commercial fruits. For broccoli we evaluated plant growth and yield. There was an interaction effect between cover crop and nitrogen rates to tomato growth measured at 100 days after transplanting, for plant height, number of fruit bunches, dry mass of leaves and diameter of the stalk. The tomato commercial fruit number and yield showed maximum values with 137 and 134 kg/ha of N respectively, on the sunn hemp straw. The nitrate concentration of the tomato sprouts was linearly increasing with the increase of nitrogen rates, when grown on the millet straw. For broccoli production, the maximum fresh mass of commercial inflorescence was with 96 kg/ha of N, when grown on the millet straw.

scholarly journals Growth analysis of Fafia in relation to the propagation method used

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
André May ◽  
Odair A Bovi ◽  
Nilson B Maia ◽  
Andrea RA de Moraes ◽  
Mariane Q Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Pfaffia Glomerata ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Mass Accumulation

A trial was carried out in Campinas, Brazil, from August 2005 to August 2006, in order to analyze the effect of two propagation methods (seeds and cuttings) on the development of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with five replications, and two methods of plant propagation. Plant height, aerial part dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. Plants propagated from cuttings showed greater accumulation of dry mass on the aerial part. Root dry mass accumulation curves showed an exponential pattern, and at the end of the experimental period, the average of roots dry mass for both treatments were similar, up to 349,65 g plant-1.

scholarly journals Development of experimental structure and influence of high CO2 concentration in maize cro

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
João B. Lopes da Silva ◽  
Paulo A. Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo G. Pereira ◽  
Luís C. Costa ◽  
Glauco V. Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
C4 Plant ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
High Co2 Concentration ◽  
Experimental Structure

Maize is a C4 plant that shows few or no response to high [CO2]. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the photosynthetic rate and yield of maize under high [CO2] and develop open-top chambers (OTC) to create an atmosphere enriched with CO2. The experiment was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009. The OTCs were developed in modular scheme. Measurement of photosynthetic rates, transpiration, stomata conductance, grain yield and dry matter were performed. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and three treatments: P1 - plants grown in OTC with 700 ppm [CO2], P2 - plants grown in OTC with environmental [CO2], and P3 - control, cultivated in open field. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (Pr< 0.05). The chambers can reduce by 25% the photosynthetically active radiation and increase the air and leaf temperatures. Plants under high [CO2] (P1) showed the highest photosynthetic rates and the lowest stomata conductance and transpiration. The total weight of grains (g) and dry mass of shoots (g) showed no increases for P1, despite their higher photosynthetic rates.

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