The Growth and Production of Three Sweet Potato Varieties as Affected by Dosage of Potassium Fertlizer on the Ultisols of Bengkulu Province

This study aims to study the interaction between varieties and the correct dose of potassium fertilizer, determine the right dose of potassium fertilizer and the appropriate variety of sweet potato in Ultisol. In this study, the research design used was a completely randomized block design (RAKL) with two (2) factors with three replications. The first factor is three varieties of sweet potato, namely Cilembu, Atin 3, and Beta 1. The second factor is the dose of KCl fertilizer which consists of 4 levels of dosage, namely 0 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1, and 450 kg ha-1 KCl fertilizer. The results showed no significant interaction between the dose of KCl fertilizer and the three varieties of sweet potato. The Antin 3 variety produced the most extended tendril length compared to the other two varieties. The lowest number of branches was produced by Beta 1 variety. The Cilembu variety produced the most significant tuber weight per plot and estimated weight per plot. The Cilembu variety is proven to have the highest level of sweetness.

Penyuluhan dan Simulasi Menentukan Tipe dan Dosis Latihan Fisik yang Benar untuk Mencapai Kebugaran Fisik yang Optimal pada Pegawai Rektorat Universitas Mataram

One of the efforts made to get a healthy condition is to do regular physical exercise. Regular and measurable exercise will result in optimal physical fitness. Physical exercise is done regularly, according to the needs of each individual and by applying the basic principles of exercise, various benefits will be obtained for the body. The purpose of this activity is to educate and increase target knowledge in determining the type of physical exercise and preparing the correct dose of physical exercise to achieve optimal physical fitness. The participants were the Rectorate Staff of the University of Mataram, totaling 40 people, consisting of 14 men and 26 women. The activity lasted for approximately 120 minutes, located in the Ruang Sidang Utama of the Rectorate of the University of Mataram. The implementation of the activity consists of 5 stages, namely: (1) pretest, (2) delivery of counseling material, (3) simulation of determining the type and dose of physical exercise, (4) discussion, and (5) posttest. From the results of this activity, an increase in the knowledge of participants in the activity was obtained by 38.6%, based on the posttest to pretest scores. Participants have an idea in determining the type of physical exercise and determining the appropriate dose of physical exercise for each of them.

Time to Recovery and Determinants of Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition Among 6–59 Months Children From the Outpatient Therapeutic Feeding Program in North Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A Prospective Follow-Up Study.

Introduction: Community-based management of acute malnutrition is implementing in Ethiopia. But there is scarce information in our study set up regarding the time to recovery and its predictors of SAM among 6-59 months children, so this study aimed to assess the time to recovery and its predictors of uncomplicated SAM among 6-59children managed at the OTP in north Shewa zone, Ethiopia.Methods: A health post-based prospective follow-up study had conducted on 6-59months children from November 20/2020 – February 20/2021. A total of 423 children had included in the study. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire had used. The median time to recovery had calculated using the Kaplan Meier (KM) curve. The predictors of time to recovery were determined using both bi-variable and multi-variable Cox regression models with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Finally, the variable that had a p-value < 0.05 in the multi-variable analysis was declared as the predictors of time to recovery. Proportional hazard assumption was checked graphically and using Schoenfeld residual test.Result: From the total 423 Children, 327 (77.3%) recovered. The median time to recovery was 42 + IQR of 14 days. Children from food secure households; AHR= 9.6 with 95% CI (8.1-18.5), mild food insecure; AHR= 6.5 with 95% CI (3.1, 13.8), moderate food insecure; AHR= 2.5 with 95% CI (1.2-5.3). Mothers who traveled less than 2 hours walking distance to the health post; AHR=2.6 with 95% CI (1.8-18.7). Children who received the correct dose of the RUTF AHR=1.6 with 95% CI (1.1-2.3), children who measured their weight weekly AHR= 1.5 with 95% CI (1.1-2.0), and children treated by health extension worker who took the Nutrition-related training AHR= 2.1 with 95% CI (1.0-4.5) were predictors of time to recovery. Conclusion and recommendation: The median time to recovery was within the acceptable range of the Ethiopian protocol for the management of uncomplicated SAM in the Outpatient setup. Household food security status, the distance between home and health posts, the correct dose of RUTF, weekly weight measurement per protocol, and HEWs nutrition-related training status were the significant predictors of time to recovery. It is advisable to improve the household food security status, and the Health extension worker's (HEWs) nutrition-related training.

Rodent General Anesthesia Suitable for Measurement of Experimental Invasive Hemodynamics

In cases of experimentally performed invasive rodent cardiovascular measurements, selected general anesthesia for a non-recovery procedure and its proper pain control plays a fundamental role in obtaining good data recordings. Rodent anesthesia is challenging for several reasons including high metabolic rate with elevated possibility of hypothermia and hypoglycemia during the procedure, large body surface area to adjust drug medication and anticipate drug clearance. In this review article, suitable analgesia, and anesthesia to collect rodent hemodynamics is discussed with examples of commonly used methods and anesthetic combinations to assess rodent hemodynamics. In case of injectable anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters should be measured when HR and mean arterial pressure (MAP) becomes stable. If re-injection is necessary, re-evaluation of HR and MAP is crucial for data integrity. Likewise, to safeguard data quality, longitudinal collection of HRs, HR variability, MAP and body temperature should be provided. For this reason, creation of a rodent hemodynamic anesthesia protocol might be necessary. In many cases, to refine surgical anesthetic protocol suitable for hemodynamic study, pilot experiments might be required to find the correct dose, and to probe for adequacy and duration of anesthesia, anticipating technical and procedural problems. Additionally, ensuring repeatability of the hemodynamic exam, selected experimental anesthetics should not be extensively metabolized. If metabolized, the effects on central and peripheral hemodynamics (HR, pre, afterload and contractility) should be well-known and documented.

Therapeutic and Prophylactic Use of Oral, Low-Dose IFNs in Species of Veterinary Interest: Back to the Future

Cytokines are important molecules that orchestrate the immune response. Given their role, cytokines have been explored as drugs in immunotherapy in the fight against different pathological conditions such as bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, transplantation and cancer. One of the problems related to their administration consists in the definition of the correct dose to avoid severe side effects. In the 70s and 80s different studies demonstrated the efficacy of cytokines in veterinary medicine, but soon the investigations were abandoned in favor of more profitable drugs such as antibiotics. Recently, the World Health Organization has deeply discouraged the use of antibiotics in order to reduce the spread of multi-drug resistant microorganisms. In this respect, the use of cytokines to prevent or ameliorate infectious diseases has been highlighted, and several studies show the potential of their use in therapy and prophylaxis also in the veterinary field. In this review we aim to review the principles of cytokine treatments, mainly IFNs, and to update the experiences encountered in animals.

Assessing the compliance of accurately documenting medication history in CAMHS – completion of the audit cycle

AimsTo assess the documentation of medication across all Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) teams in the south region of Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust against a locally agreed protocol. The aim is to ensure accurate and timely documentation of medication history in a standardised way to reduce the risk of medication errors.MethodWe randomly selected 78 patients across seven teams within CAMHS that were currently prescribed medication as of November 2020. We reviewed each patient to see if medication history had been recorded in the specified section of the trust's patient database PARIS. We then cross referenced this information with the patient notes, clinic letters and prescriptions to review accuracy of information in terms of recording of drug name, dose, frequency, and whether the medication was regular or as required. We compared the data to the results of a previous audit in 2017 which used the same methods.ResultOf the 78 patients, 74% (n = 58) had medication recorded in the correct section of PARIS compared to 13% in the 2017 audit. We found that compliance varied between different CAMHS teams ranging from 0% to 100%. Of those with medication history recorded, 86% had all drug names listed correctly, 79% had all drugs listed at the correct dose, 71% had the correct frequency recorded and 81% had whether the medication was regular, or PRN recorded.ConclusionAlthough we have seen improvement in standardised documentation of medication history since 2017, it remains difficult to rely on this information being up to date and reliable. There was a wide range of compliance in documentation of medication history across different teams, possibly reflecting how effectively the teaching following the previous 2017 audit had been delivered to each team. We have completed more teaching for medical and non-medical prescribers across all localities to highlight the importance of timely and standardised documentation. This is particularly important in CAMHS where the prescribing of medication often remains the responsibility of secondary care, with clinicians regularly prescribing on behalf of colleagues from other teams. Our findings support the move within the Trust towards a system where medication can be both documented and electronically prescribed in the same place (System One).

: REASONABLENESS IN PRESCRIPTION FOR TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION OUTPATIENT

Objective: To evaluate the reasonableness of prescription for treatment of hypertension outpatients at the examination department of Hau Nghia Regional General Hospital - Long An. Objects and methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective, non-intervention descriptive studies on 180 patients who came to examine and treat hypertension at the examination department, stored on the software of the Hau Nghia Regional General Hospital - Long An. Results: All cases of patients using angiotensin inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, AT1 receptor inhibitors were used at the correct dose and the correct number of times a day. In the case of mandatory indications, all patients with comorbidities had a reasonable indication of 100%, only patients with myocardial infarction and diabetes had reasonable indications of 94.74% and 94.12% respectively. The majority of treatment regimens were correctly applied on the specific patient. The rational use rate of prescription regimen was 95.51%, 2-drug regimen was 95.45% and that of 3-drug regimen reached 100%. There were no violations of contraindications in the use of therapeutic regimens. Conclusion: The use of hypertension drugs all had reasonable indications, achieving a high rate, there was no violation of contraindications in the use of treatment regimens.

Pengaruh Volume Koagulan Sari Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Terhadap Kadar Abu pada Koagulasi Lateks (Hevea brasiliensis)

Rubber plants (Hevea brasilensis) include sap plants, because this group has plant tissue that contains a lot of latex and the sap flows out when the plant tissue is injured (Budiman, 2012). The obstacle most often encountered in the process of making rubber processed materials is the large number of farmers who use coagulation materials that are not recommended by the government, thus decreasing the quality of the rubber produced. Therefore, it is necessary to use alternative coagulants that do not degrade and damage the quality of rubber, such as noni juice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the production of noni juice coagulant as a coagulant can affect the ash content of the latex and to determine the correct dose of noni juice coagulant in reducing the ash content of the latex. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with a single factor and the factors studied were the addition of coagulant doses of noni juice with 7 treatments (K0: natural latex (control), K1: 25 ml, K2: 50 ml, K3: 75 ml. , K4: 100 ml, K5: 125 ml of noni juice coagulant material and K6: 25 ml of salvage 90 and added 1 l of latex per experimental unit). The results of this study indicate that the volume of the noni juice coagulant has a very significant effect on the contact time, the gross weight of the bokar, and the ash content of the latex. The best dose of volume of noni juice coagulant to produce the lowest ash content of latex is the treatment of 75 ml of noni juice coagulant in 1 liter of liquid latex.

Triple-Drug Treatment Is Effective for Lymphatic Filariasis Microfilaria Clearance in Samoa

Following the first triple-drug mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis in Samoa in 2018, unexpected persistence of microfilaria (Mf) positivity in 18 (15%) of 121 antigen-positive persons was observed in a nationwide household survey 1–2 months later. Of the 18 Mf positive persons, 14 reported taking the MDA, raising concerns about MDA efficacy. In 2019, 5–6 months after the 2018 survey, a monitored treatment study was done to evaluate directly observed weight-based treatment in these Mf positive individuals. Mf presence and density were assessed before and 7 days after treatment, using 1 mL membrane filtered venous blood, and 60uL thick blood films on slides prepared from venous or fingerprick blood. All 14 participants were still Mf positive on filters from venous blood pre-treatment samples, but two were negative by slide made from the same samples. Mf were cleared completely by day 7 in 12 of 13 participants followed up, and by day 30 in the remaining participant. Filtered blood using EDTA samples (to reduce clumping of Mf) is preferred over slides alone for improving the likelihood of detecting Mf and estimating their density. The triple-drug MDA strategy was effective at clearing Mf when given and taken at the correct dose.