Alpha-tocopherol concentration in serum and colostrum of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the levels of α-tocopherol in colostrum and in the serum of healthy and diabetic mothers.METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 51 volunteer mothers, 20 with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and 31 without associated diseases. Serum and colostrum samples were collected in fasting in the immediate postpartum period and α-tocopherol was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to define the nutritional status of vitamin E, the cutoff point for the serum (697.7µg/dL) was adopted. Student's t-test for independent variables compared the average concentrations of α-tocopherol in the serum and in the colostrum between control and gestational diabetes mellitus groups. Pearson's correlation was used to assess the relationship between the concentration of α-tocopherol in serum and colostrum for both groups. Differences were considered significant when p<0.05.RESULTS: The α-tocopherol concentration in colostrum was 1,483.1±533.8µg/dL for Control Group and 1,368.8±681.8µg/dL for diabetic women, without differences between groups (p=0.50). However, α-tocopherol concentration in the serum was 1,059.5±372.7µg/dL in the Control Group and 1,391.4±531.5µg/dL in the diabetic one (p<0.01). No correlation was found between the concentration of α-tocopherol in the serum and in the colostrum for control and diabetic groups.CONCLUSIONS: The groups had adequate nutritional status of vitamin E. Gestational diabetes was not associated with changes in α-tocopherol concentration in colostrum.

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Changes of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein level and analysis of its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30602/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Caiying Feng ◽

Jie You ◽

Guixia Chen ◽

Hongli Su ◽

Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Previous studies have discovered that zinc-α2-glycoprotein is related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. The aim of the study is to explore the change of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein(ZAG) and its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods Eighty newly diagnosed GDM patients were enrolled in study group, and 80 normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The differences of baseline data between the two groups were compared, and the change of serum ZAG level and its relationship with related indexes was analyzed. Results Compared to control group, the level of serum ZAG in the study group decreased [(43.94 ± 14.51)mg/L vs. (62.57 ± 19.05)mg/L, P < 0.001]. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation) analysis showed that serum ZAG level was negatively correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and TG (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with HDL(P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that HDL, FINS, HOMA-IR were independent factors of serum ZAG(P < 0.001). Conclusion The level of serum ZAG in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus decreased, and HDL, FINS and HOMA-IR are the influencing factors in study group. Trial registration: The study registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(Chi CTR2000028811).

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Fetal adrenal gland size in gestational diabetes mellitus

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2019-0146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 941-946 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tim Hetkamp ◽

Kerstin Hammer ◽

Mareike Möllers ◽

Helen A. Köster ◽

Maria K. Falkenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Adrenal Gland ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Total Width ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gland Size

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the adrenal gland size of fetuses of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with that of healthy control fetuses. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included measurements of the adrenal gland size of 62 GDM fetuses (GDM group) and 370 normal controls (control group) between the 19th and 41st week of gestation. A standardized transversal plane was used to measure the total width and the medulla width. The cortex width and an adrenal gland ratio (total width/medulla width) were calculated from these data. Adrenal gland size measurements were adjusted to the week of gestation and compared between the two groups in a multivariable linear regression analysis. A variance decomposition metric was used to compare the relative importance of predictors of the different adrenal gland size measurements. Results For all the investigated parameters of the adrenal gland size, increased values were found in the case of GDM (P < 0.05), while adjusting for the week of gestation. GDM seems to have a greater impact on the size of the cortex than on the size of the medulla. Conclusion The fetal adrenal gland is enlarged in pregnancy complicated by GDM. The width of the cortex seems to be particularly affected.

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Gross and Histomorphologic Study of the Umbilical Cord in Pre-gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.3329/bja.v12i1.22615 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 25-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Rafiqul Alam ◽

Md Abdul Momen ◽

Anjuman Ara Sultana ◽

SM Nurul Hassan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Control Group ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fetal Organ ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Microscopic Features

Objective: The umbilical cord is fetal organ and contains two arteries and one vein covered by connective tissue called Whartons jelly. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder, the importance of which includes possible fetal and maternal complications. As the umbilical cord is the communicating channel between the fetus and the placenta, any pathological change in the umbilical cord may cause harm to the fetus. For this reason, some gross morphological and microscopic features of umbilical cord were analyzed in case of pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical and observational type of study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka between July 2004 and December 2005. Total 60 umbilical cords with placentae were collected within 34 to 40 weeks of gestation from BSMMU and BIRDEM. Among these, twenty were from mothers not suffering from diabetes (Control group), twenty had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PDM group) and twenty were suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group). Number of umbilical vessels were observed on the cut surface of umbilical cord later confirmed by histological examination. Presence or absence of true or false knots were noted. The umbilical cord cross sectional area, vessel areas and their luminal area were estimated. The ANOVA post-hoc option was used for statistical analyses of results. Results: Among the gross and histomorphological variables of the umbilical cord, there was no significant difference between the three groups. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v12i1.22615 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2014, Vol. 12 No. 1 pp 25-29

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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND SELF-REPORTED NUTRITION EDUCATION EXPOSURE IN WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AT PRIMARY HEALTH CLINIC

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v4i2.7511 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Nurul Alia Aqilah Samiun ◽

Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ◽

Irmi Zarina Ismail ◽

Farhanah Anuar ◽

Winnie Siew Swee Chee

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Health Clinic ◽

Foetal Development ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Optimal nutritional status is of utmost importance not only for foetal development but also to maintain normoglycemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This cross-sectional study described the nutritional status of women with GDM and explored whether self-reported nutrition education (NEd) exposure before a GDM diagnosis would be able to promote better nutrition status. Methods: GDM women (n= 60; age= 31.6 ± 5.0 years) diagnosed between 13th and 28th week of gestation participated in the study. We assessed nutritional status that included anthropometric and blood pressure assessments, biochemical data, and dietary intake. The respondents self-reported their NEd exposure before a GDM diagnosis was made. Results: The pre-pregnancy BMI of the participants was 27.9 ± 6.8 kg/m2, which was categorised as overweight. Total (4.3 ± 5.6 kg) and rate (0.2 ± 0.3 kg/week) of gestational weight gain were within the recommendations. Glycemic parameters and blood pressure were also within the normal range. Nevertheless, they had high intakes of fat (35.5%) and sugar (14.4%) proportionate to their energy intake. They did not meet the recommended nutrient intakes for fibre, calcium, and iron. Only 28.3% of women had prior NEd exposure. Among them, almost all (94.1%) had recurrent GDM. Those with NEd exposure had lower pre-prandial blood glucose profiles, systolic blood pressure, and proportion of protein intake from energy than those without (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Suboptimal maternal nutritional status and low exposure to NEd are evident in women with GDM. Those with self-reported NEd exposure had better parameters of nutritional status. The findings recognised the need of having proper nutrition education for women who are at high risk of GDM since at early pregnancy.

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Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666191223111833 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 895-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shahin Safian ◽

Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽

Shiva Borzouei

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Control Group ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Free T4 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

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Associations between gestational diabetes mellitus and the neurodevelopment of offspring from 1 month to 72 months: study protocol for a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040305 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e040305

Author(s):

Chao Li ◽

Ping Zhou ◽

Yixi Cai ◽

Bin Peng ◽

Yongfang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Control Group ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Open Access Journals

IntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common gestational disease and an important global public health problem. GDM may affect the short-term and long-term health of offspring, but the associations between GDM and the neurodevelopment of offspring of mothers with GDM (OGDM) are still unclear, and studies based on the Chinese population are lacking. We aim to determine the associations between GDM and the neurodevelopment of OGDM by studying a cohort of OGDM and offspring of non-GDM mothers.Methods and analysisThe single-centre prospective cohort study is being conducted in China over 7 years. A total of 490 OGDM (GDM group) and 490 fromof healthy mothers (control group) will be enrolled during the same period. Baseline characteristics, neuropsychological development scores and clinical data at specific time points (at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 months old) will be collected from the children in both groups until the age of 6 years. The associations between GDM and the neurodevelopment of OGDM from infancy to preschool age will be analysed using a multiple linear regression model adjusted for confounders. In addition, we will compare longitudinal data to further assess the effects of GDM on neurodevelopmental trajectories.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Approval Number: (2019) Institutional Review Board (IRB) (STUDY) No. 85). The findings of this study will be disseminated through open access journals, peer-reviewed journals and scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT03997396.

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