Multiple stresses on the oxidative metabolism of sugarcane varieties

ABSTRACT: The exposure of plants to multiple stress conditions can cause over production of reactive oxygen species promoting an imbalance in the redox system. The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant response from varieties of sugarcane under adverse conditions, to understand the defense mechanisms of tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Micropropagated sugarcane of six genotypes, RB966928, RB98710, RB855453, RB99395, RB867515, and RB855156, were subjected to isolated action of high-temperature stress and a combination of water and saline stress, and effects were evaluated. Activities of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), as well as stress indicators such as lipid peroxidation (MDA content) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content were evaluated. The RB867515 variety showed synchrony between the enzymatic activity and ROS regulation and detoxification, in the plant cell under environmental stress situations, thereby ensuring the maintenance of the relative water content without increment of lipid peroxidation; and consequently, the maintenance of physiological processes and plant growth. These results indicated that lipid peroxidation associated with relative water content can be good biochemical markers of sensitivity to multiple stresses in sugarcane.

Download Full-text

Biochemical metabolism of two cultivars of cowpea treated with 24-Epibrassinolide and subjected to saline stress

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p1390 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽

pp. 444-451

Author(s):

Kerolém Prícila Sousa Cardoso ◽

Susana Silva Conceição ◽

Ana Ecídia de Araújo Brito ◽

Jéssica Taynara da Silva Martins ◽

Liliane Corrêa Machado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Water Content ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Soluble Proteins ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Relative Water

We aimed to evaluate the changes in biochemical metabolism generated by salt stress and to investigate the effect of brassinosteroids in mitigating of this stress on two cultivars of Vigna unguiculata L. We used a completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 3 x 3 factorial scheme, using two cultivars of cowpea (BRS Guariba and BR3 Tracuateua - moderately tolerant and sensitive to salinity, respectively), three concentrations of brassinosteroids (0, 0.2 and 0.4 μM Br) and three concentrations of NaCl (0 , 50 and 100 mM NaCl), with four replicates. The following evaluations were carried out: relative water content, electrolyte leakage, nitrate levels, nitrate reductase activity, free ammonium, total soluble amino acids, soluble proteins, glycine betaine and proline. The results showed that salinity at 100 mM affected the nitrate reductase enzyme activity, the relative water content, total soluble amino acids and soluble proteins for cultivars BR3 Tracuateua, and BRS Guariba, but the 24-epibrassinolid attenuated the effects of salinity for these variables. The concentration of 0.2 μM of Br increased 55% and 20% in proline and glycine betaine contents, respectively, in both of cultivars. The plants under stress saline and 0.2 mM of 24-epibrassinolid, presented 42% and 58% reductions in electrolyte leakage of BR3 Tracuateua and BRS Guariba cultivars, respectively. The concentrations of ammonium were slightly varied. Therefore, the application of 0.2 μM of 24-epibrassinolid caused a greater acclimatization of the cultivars, being the BR3 Tracuateua (sensitive to salt) cultivar more expressive in most treatments.

Download Full-text

Bacillus subtilis improves maize tolerance to salinity

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20170910 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nathalia Calhabeu Ferreira ◽

Rita de Cassia Lima Mazzuchelli ◽

Ana Claudia Pacheco ◽

Fabio Fernando de Araujo ◽

Jadson Emanuel Lopes Antunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Sodium Chloride ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Water Content ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Biochemical Responses ◽

Relative Water ◽

Four Levels ◽

Tolerance To Salinity

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical responses of maize, under saline stress, inoculated with Bacillus subtilis. Four levels of salinity were assessed: 0mM, 50mM, 100mM, and 200mM of sodium chloride (NaCl). Saline conditions influenced negatively maize growth. However, the inoculation of B. subtilis improved the plant growth at highest level of NaCl. Chlorophyll content decreased while proline increased in inoculated plants submitted to highest salt levels. Also, B. subtilis increased the relative water content in leaves. B. subtilis improves the plant growth under salinity and ameliorates the biochemical damages in maize.

Download Full-text

Beneficial Effects of Biochar and Chitosan on Antioxidative Capacity, Osmolytes Accumulation, and Anatomical Characters of Water-Stressed Barley Plants

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10050630 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 630 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yaser Hafez ◽

Kotb Attia ◽

Salman Alamery ◽

Abdelhalim Ghazy ◽

Abdullah Al-Doss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Relative Water ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The Impact ◽

Chlorophyll Concentrations

The impact of biochar and chitosan on barley plants under drought stress conditions was investigated during two field experiments. Our results confirmed that drought stress negatively affected morphological and physiological growth traits of barley plants such as plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentrations, and relative water content. However, electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contents significantly increased as a response to drought stress. Additionally, 1000 grain weight, grains yield ha−1 and biological yield significantly decreased in stressed barley plants, also anatomical traits such as upper epidermis, lower epidermis, lamina, and mesophyll tissue thickness as well as vascular bundle diameter of flag leaves significantly decreased compared with control. The use of biochar and chitosan led to significant increases in plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water content; nevertheless these treatments led to significant decreases in electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the stressed plants. Moreover, anatomical and yield characters of stressed barley plants were improved with application of biochar and chitosan. The results proved the significance of biochar and chitosan in alleviating the damaging impacts of drought on barley plants.

Download Full-text

Physiological and anatomical responses of wheat to induced dehydration and rehydration

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-013-0153-x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 499-503

Author(s):

Konstantina Kocheva ◽

Peter Petrov ◽

Georgi Georgiev

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Water Status ◽

Free Proline ◽

Leaf Water Status ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Relative Water

AbstractHydroponically grown wheat seedlings of two prominent Bulgarian cultivars (Katya and Prelom) were subjected to 48 h osmotic stress with PEG 8000 and were then rehydrated. The degree of stress was evaluated by monitoring relative water content, lipid peroxidation level, and accumulation of free proline and hydrogen peroxide in the leaves. Anatomy and ultrastructure of leaf tissue were observed under light microscopy. After imposition of stress, drought tolerant cultivar Katya displayed higher free proline content and significantly lower malondialdehyde and peroxide concentration in leaves than in the leaves of susceptible cultivar Prelom. After 24 h of rehydration Katya showed better ability to restore leaf water status and an apparent tendency towards recovery, whereas Prelom sustained higher levels of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation products and free proline and markedly low relative water content. Here, we have uncovered some of the characteristics displayed by cultivar Katya that enable it to survive and recover from severe osmotic stress. Interestingly, there was congruence between our results and the high level of cultivar Katya drought tolerance observed in the field.

Download Full-text

Antioxidative metabolism in sugarcane (Poaceae) varieties subjected to water and saline stress

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n11p776-782 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 776-782

Author(s):

Marciana B. de Morais ◽

Ricardo A. Azevedo ◽

Terezinha R. Camara ◽

Cláudia Ulisses ◽

Cynthia C. de Albuquerque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Water Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Saline Water ◽

Stress Sensitivity ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Sugarcane Varieties ◽

Relative Water ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Water And Saline Stress

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify the antioxidant responses of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) varieties subjected to water and saline stress. Sugarcane seedlings of six different varieties obtained through micropropagation were subjected to either water or saline stress, or a combination of water + saline stress. The study was carried out in May 2012, in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). The experimental design was randomized, with treatments arranged in a 6 × 4 factorial scheme (six varieties and four treatments), and four replicates. Lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, and relative water content (RWC) were evaluated. Furthermore, we evaluated the plants’ antioxidative defense systems by measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT). The sugarcane varieties had higher lipid peroxidation and/or higher H2O2 concentrations when subjected to the combined water + saline stress. The antioxidant enzymes responded to the water and saline stress treatments differently depending on the sugarcane variety. However, under combined saline + water stress conditions, the enzymes may have become inactivated, which indicates that the response to the combined water + saline stress was different from the sum of the responses to only water stress or only saline stress. High concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) associated with low RWC may be an effective indicator of multiple stress sensitivity in sugarcane varieties. The RB99395 and RB867515 sugarcane varieties responded more efficiently to environmental stress, and maintained their cell water content when subjected to either water or saline stress.

Download Full-text

The Method of Plant Water Status Measurement in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas (L) Lam.)

Beccariana Botanical Research Bulletin ◽

10.30862/bbrp.v7i1.274 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saraswati Prabawardani

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Water Status ◽

Plant Water Status ◽

Equilibration Time ◽

Plant Water ◽

Font Size ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Relative Water

The measurement of plant water status such as leaf water potential (LWP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) is important part of understanding plant physiology and biomass production. Preliminary study was made to determine the optimum amount of leaf abrasion and equilibration time of sweet potato leaf inside the thermocouple psychrometer chambers. Based on the trial, the standard equilibration time curve of a Peltier thermocouple for sweet potato leaf was between 2 and 3 hours. To increase the water vapour conductance across the leaf epidermis the waxy leaf cuticle should be removed or broken by abrasion. The result showed that 4 times leaf rubbings was accepted as the most effective way to increase leaf vapour conductance of sweet potato in the psychrometer chambers. In calculating the leaf relative water content, unstressed water of sweet potato leaves require 4 hours imbibition, whereas water stressed of sweet potato leaves require 5 to 6 hours to reach the saturation time. Either leaf water potential or relative water content can be used as a parameter for plant water status in sweet potato.

Download Full-text

Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Competition for Water in Cotton

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-15-00062.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 928-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sarah T. Berger ◽

Jason A. Ferrell ◽

Diane L. Rowland ◽

Theodore M. Webster

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Palmer Amaranth ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Excess Water ◽

Relative Water ◽

Competition For Light ◽

Daily Water

Palmer amaranth is a troublesome weed in cotton production. Yield losses of 65% have been reported from season-long Palmer amaranth competition with cotton. To determine whether water is a factor in this system, experiments were conduced in 2011, 2012, and 2013 in Citra, FL, and in Tifton, GA. In 2011, infrequent rainfall lead to drought stress. The presence of Palmer amaranth resulted in decreased soil relative water content up to 1 m in depth. Cotton stomatal conductance (gs) was reduced up to 1.8 m from a Palmer amaranth plant. In 2012 and 2013 higher than average rainfall resulted in excess water throughout the growing season. In this situation, no differences were found in soil relative water content or cottongsas a function of proximity to Palmer amaranth. A positive linear trend was found in cotton photosynthesis and yield; each parameter increased as distance from Palmer amaranth increased. Even in these well-watered conditions, daily water use of Palmer amaranth was considerably higher than that of cotton, at 1.2 and 0.49 g H20 cm−2d−1, respectively. Although Palmer amaranth removed more water from the soil profile, rainfall was adequate to replenish the profile in 2 of the 3 yr of this study. However, yield loss due to Palmer amaranth was still observed despite no change ings, indicating other factors, such as competition for light or response to neighboring plants during development, are driving yield loss.

Download Full-text