scholarly journals Substrate in the emergence and initial growth of seedlings of Caesalpinia pulcherrima

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnólia Martins Alves ◽  
◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Luciana Rodrigues de Araújo ◽  
Maria de Lourdes dos Santos Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Vegetable Soil ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

ABSTRACT: Caesalpinia pulcherrima is an exotic species belongs to the Fabaceae family commonly known as flamboyant-mirim, and widely used for urban forestry. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different substrates on the emergence and early seedlings growth of C. pulcherrima . The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse belonging to the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments had 14 substrates: sand, vegetable soil, vermiculite, wood dust, carbonized rice straw, vegetable soil + sand 1:1, sand + wood dust 1:1, sand + carbonized rice straw 1:1, earth + wood dust 1:1, vegetable soil + carbonized rice straw 1:1, vermiculite + sand 1:1, vermiculite + wood dust 1:1, vermiculite + earth 1:1 and vermiculite + carbonized rice straw 1:1. Evaluation of the effect of the treatments was through the following determinations: percentage of emergency, first count, index of germination speed, length and dry weight of roots and shoots. The vermiculite, vegetable soil + sand 1:1, vermiculite + sand 1:1, vermiculite + saw dust 1:1, are suitable for emergence and early growth of seedlings of Caesalpinia pulcherrima . Substrates saw dust and carbonized rice straw were responsible for the worst performers on emergence and seedling development.

scholarly journals Influência da profundidade e posição de semeadura na emergência de Acacia polyphylla DC.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Rodrigues ◽  
E. M. C. Batista ◽  
L. M. Oliveira ◽  
A. C. F. Portella ◽  
P. B. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
The Ideal

<p>A<em> Acacia polyphylla </em>DC.<em> </em>é uma leguminosa, pertencente à família Fabaceae, conhecida principalmente por monjoleiro, cuja árvore apresenta porte médio e rápido crescimento, a mesma enquadra-se em estágios iniciais da sucessão secundária com grande potencial para o uso na recuperação de áreas degradadas do Bioma Cerrado. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a influência de diferentes posições e de profundidades de semeadura na emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de <em>Acacia polyphylla </em>DC. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes, dispostos em esquema fatorial 3 x 5 (posições e profundidades de semeadura). Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes posições das sementes no substrato: hilo voltado para cima, hilo voltado para baixo e sementes na horizontal, nas profundidades de 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 cm. Determinou-se a porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, bem como o comprimento e a massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz das plântulas. A emergência e o crescimento inicial das plântulas de <em>Acacia polyphylla </em>DC<em> </em>são afetadas pelas posições e profundidades de semeaduras, sendo que o procedimento ideal para o plantio e desenvolvimento das plântulas deve ser em uma profundidade entre 1,4 e 2,8 cm com o hilo na posição horizontal.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Influence of depth and sowing position in the emergency Acacia polyphylla DC.</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong><em>Acacia polyphylla</em> DC. is a legume belonging to the Fabaceae family, mainly known for monjoleiro whose tree has medium size and rapid growth, it fits in the early stages of secondary succession with great potential for use in the recovery of degraded areas of the Cerrado Biome. The objective was to evaluate the influence of different positions and sowing depths in the emergence and early growth of seedlings <em>Acacia polyphylla</em> DC. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds, arranged in a factorial 3 x 5 (positions and sowing depths). The treatments consisted of different positions of the seeds in the substrate: hilum facing up, hilum facing down and seeds horizontally at depths of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm. It was determined the percentage of emergence, emergence speed index, as well as the length and dry weight of shoot and root of seedlings. The emergence and early growth of seedlings <em>Acacia polyphylla</em> DC. are affected by the positions and sowing depths, and the ideal procedure for planting and seedling development must be at a depth between 1.4 and 2.8 cm, with the hilum in horizontal position.</p>

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Physocalymma scaberrimum EM SUBSTRATOS COMPOSTOS POR DIFERENTES PORCENTAGENS DE RESÍDUO ORGÂNICO DE AÇAÍ

FLORESTA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álisson Sobrinho Maranho ◽  
Ary Vieira de Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
The North ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl é uma espécie nativa que ocorre principalmente no Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil, com potencial madeireiro, para arborização urbana e para recomposição de vegetação em áreas degradadas. Considerando a necessidade de conhecimento do seu comportamento em viveiro e da utilização de resíduos agroflorestais como componente de substrato, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas dessa espécie em substratos compostos por porcentagens de resíduo de açaí (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) misturado à terra de mata. O experimento ocorreu em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos (substratos) e 20 repetições. Foi avaliado o crescimento das mudas através da altura, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea e radicular e total, e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Houve ajuste de regressão linear e correlação positiva entre altura, diâmetro do colo e massa seca total com as porcentagens de resíduo de açaí. O substrato constituído por 100% do resíduo de açaí proporcionou o maior crescimento das mudas: 32,9 cm de altura, 2,98 mm de diâmetro do colo, 2,003 g de massa seca total e maior IQD (0,1142). Para a utilização com terra de mata, a composição entre 25% e 75% de resíduo também se mostrou possível.Palavras-chave: Resíduos agroflorestais; produção de mudas; espécies florestais nativas; silvicultura. AbstractPhysocalymma scaberrimum seedlings production in substrate composed by different percentages of organic residue of açaí. Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl is a native species that occurs mainly in the North and Midwest regions of Brazil, with potential for wood production, urban forestry and restoration of vegetation in degraded areas. Considering the need for better understanding of the seedlings behavior in the nursery, and use of agroforestry residue as components of substrate, this study aimed to evaluate the growth of this species in substrates composed by different percentages of açaí residue (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) mixed with forest soil. The experiment was set up according to the completely randomized design, with 5 treatments (substrates) and 20 replicates. It was evaluated the growth of seedlings through shoot height, collar diameter, dry weights of shoot and roots and total, and Dickson Quality Index (IQD). A fit linear regression and positive correlation was found out between height, collar diameter and dry weight total dry mass with increasing percentages of açaí residue. The substrate composed by 100% of açaí residue provided the highest mean growth of seedlings: height (32.9 cm seedling-1), collar diameter (2.98 mm seedling-1), total dry mass (2.003 g seedling-1), and highest IQD (0.1142). To use with soil, the composition between 25% and 75% of residue also showed possibility.Keywords:agroforestry residues; seedlings production; native forest species; silviculture.

Thermal Adaptation of Pennisetum: Seedling Development

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Leaf Area Expansion ◽  
Specific Hybrid ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Area Expansion

Germination, establishment, dry weight accumulation and leaf development of seedlings of two Pennisetum typhoides cultivars and a P. typhoides × P. purpureum biotype were studied at four temperatures from 33/28 to 15/10°C (day/night) under natural irradiances. Percentage seedling germination was independent of temperature. However, rate of germination and emergence were fastest, the spread in populations of time to germination least, and seedling survival highest, at the temperature at which rates of leaf area expansion and dry weight accumulation were greatest, i.e. 33/28°C. Rates of dry weight accumulation differed between the three pennisetums, the ranking in early growth at temperatures below 33/28°C being the same as that for seed size, and in later growth at all temperatures being in the order interspecific hybrid > intra-specific hybrid > selected strain.

Comparative early growth of cotton seedlings expressing a visible true leaf at emergence and normal phenotype seedlings

1969 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Ortiz ◽  
Fred M. Bourland
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Normal Phenotype ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

At emergence, a cotton seedling of a normal phenotype has a poorly developed first true leaf and a photosynthetic area essentially limited to the cotyledons. After emergence, the expansion of the first true leaf and the vegetative development is slow, lengthening the seedling stage, thus increasing vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants of several breeding lines were found to express a visible first true leaf at emergence (VTLE), which may be associated with rapid growth through the seedling stage. The objectives were to compare early growth of seedlings expressing a VTLE with that of seedlings of a normal phenotype, and to compare their growth when cotyledons were removed at different times after emergence. In the first test, plants were rogued for either a VTLE or normal phenotype, and sampled 10, 20 and 30 days after emergence (DAE). Plants with a VTLE had more nodes, photosynthetic area and plant dry weight than plants of a normal phenotype. In the second test, either one or both cotyledons were removed at emergence and at 5-day intervals between 5 and 20 DAE. Removal of both cotyledons was more detrimental than the removal of one. Plant growth increased as the time of cotyledon removal was delayed from emergence. Even with cotyledon removal, plants expressing a VTLE grew more than plants of a normal phenotype. Differences associated with the expression of a VTLE were more conspicuous early in the plant development.

scholarly journals Azospirillum brasilense INOCULATION ON SEED GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS OF NATIVE FOREST SPECIES

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 855
Author(s):  
Francival Cardoso Felix ◽  
Daniele Cristina Pereira de Matos ◽  
Leandro Porto Latoh ◽  
Renata De Almeida Maggioni ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Concentrated Solution ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Inoculation of rhizobacteria in seeds and plants has been documented as a stimulant and promoter of germination and growth of agricultural crops, but there is little information on native forest species. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation in the germination of seeds and initial growth of seedlings of native forest species. The following experiments were carried out: (I) germination of seeds in germination chamber, and (II) initial growth of seedlings in nursery, both with four forest species (Cassia leptophylla, Lafoensia pacari, Mimosa flocculosa and Schinus terebinthifolius). For the four species, in both experiments, two treatments were used: inoculation of seeds with concentrated solution of A. brasilense and no inoculation of seeds (control). Physiological aspects of seed germination and seedling vigor were evaluated in the first experiment (germination speed, and length and dry weight of seedlings), and seedling growth was evaluated in the second experiment (height, collar diameter and dry weight of seedlings). Inoculation of A. brasilense in seeds of C. leptophylla, L. pacari, M. flocculosa and S. terebinthifolius did not promote beneficial or promising results for seed germination and initial growth of seedlings, so its use to produce seedlings of these species is not recommended.

scholarly journals EFEITO ALELOPÁTICO DE EXTRATOS AQUOSOS DE Prosopis juliflora (SW.) D.C. NA EMERGÊNCIA E NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE PLÂNTULAS DE Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) POIRET

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Romualdo Medeiros Cortez Costa ◽  
Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira Freire
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Mimosa Tenuiflora

Os efeitos da liberação de aleloquímicos de uma espécie sobre outra podem resultar em danos ecológicos aos ecossistemas, como a facilitação de estabilização e povoamento de espécies invasoras. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos alelopáticos de partes vegetais da algaroba, espécie invasora, sobre a emergência e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de jurema-preta, espécie nativa da Caatinga. Prepararam-se extratos aquosos de folhas, cascas e raízes da algaroba, usando 125 g de material vegetal para cada 500 mL de água destilada, nas concentrações 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%. Foram utilizados tubetes de 55 cm3 preenchidos com solo. Distribuíram-se os tratamentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com quatro repetições, cada uma com cinco tubetes. Avaliaram-se a porcentagem de emergência, altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e peso seco de folhas, caule, raiz, parte aérea e total. A exceção do extrato de casca a 100% no peso seco total, todos os extratos causaram efeitos deletérios a emergência e plântulas de jurema-preta, sendo o extrato de raiz a 100%, o responsável pela maior redução na porcentagem de emergência, 33%, em compração com o tratamento controle.Palavra-chave: alelopatia, algaroba, invasão biológica, jurema-preta, semiárido. ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF Prosopis juliflora (SW.) DC IN THE EMERGENCE AND INITIAL GROWTH OF Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) Poiret SEEDLINGS ABSTRACT:The effects of allelochemicals release of one species over another may result in ecological damage to ecosystems, such as facilitating the stabilization and settlement of invasive species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of different plant parts of Prosopis juliflora, invasive species, emergence and early growth of Mimosa tenuiflora, native species of Caatinga. The aqueous extracts of leaves, barks and roots from the algaroba were prepared at a ratio of 125 g of plant material to 500 ml of distilled water, diluted at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. For emergence and early growth, tubes were used in 55 cm3, with application of the extracts every 15 days. The treatments were also distributed in DIC, with four replications and five tubes by repetition. We evaluated the percentage of emergence, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, stem, root, aerial and total parts. With the exception of 100% bark extract on the total dry weight of all the extracts caused deleterious effects the emergence and seedling jurema-preta, being the extract of root to 100%, responsible for the greater reduction in the percentage of emergency, 33%, in purchase with the control treatment.Keywords: allelopathy, algaroba, biological invasion, jurema-preta, semiarid. DOI:

scholarly journals Açai seedling production: effect of substrates and seeds size on germination and growth of seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar J. Smiderle ◽  
Vanuza Xavier Silva ◽  
Edvan Alves Chagas ◽  
Aline G. Souza ◽  
Maria Isabel Garcia Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a tree native to the Amazonia. In some states in the region, growth of the planted area has been observed, but the difficulty in obtaining substrates which are viable for the production of seedlings is high. It was intended in a first step to evaluate the effect of seed size and substrates upon germination and in the second step, to evaluate the initial growth of seedlings of E. oleracea on different substrates. The experimental design was a completely randomized design in 2 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications at 100 seeds. Germination percentage, percentage of abnormal seedlings, shoot and root length and dry weight of the seedlings were evaluated after 70 days. In the second step, completely randomized design in 9 x 6 factorial scheme with five replications with four seedlings/ plot was utilized. At 60, 90 , 120 , 150 , 180 and 210 days after transplanting, shoot height and diameter of the stem of the plant were assessed, number of leaves were determinate at 90, 120 , 150, 180 and 210 dat and at 210 dat, determinations of dry weight of the shoot and root system were conducted. These samples were put in an oven with forced air circulation at 60 ºC for 72 hours. Açaí seeds considered large present greater germination percent as compared with small seeds and the substrate sand provides greater percentage of seed germination. The substrates composed of 75% (soil+sand) + 25% manure and with 75% (soil+sand) + 25% carbonized rice husk present better development of açai seedlings.

scholarly journals Germinação e crescimento inicial de variedades de feijão caupi submetidas a diferentes concentrações salinas

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Daniela Siqueira Coelho ◽  
José Aliçandro Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Russaika Lírio Nascimento ◽  
Josenara Daiane de Souza Costa ◽  
Tales Xavier Seabra
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

<p>A utilização de variedades tolerantes ao estresse salino tem sido essencial para o estabelecimento de culturas comerciais em áreas salinas. O objetivou-se avaliar a germinação e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de quatro variedades de feijão caupi submetidas a diferentes níveis de estresse salino. As sementes das cultivares BRS Tapaihum, BRS Pujante, BRS Acauã e BRS Marataoã foram semeadas em espumas, dispostas em bandejas e umedecidas com as seguintes concentrações de NaCl: 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 mM. Foram determinadas as variáveis: percentual de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio, frequência relativa de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e teor de água das plântulas. As variedades de feijão caupi apresentaram perda na capacidade germinativa a partir da concentração de 50 mM de NaCl. Também foi verificado que a incidência da salinidade promoveu uma diminuição da velocidade com que as variedades realizaram seus eventos bioquímicos, fisiológicos, morfogênicos necessários ao processo de germinação e formação das novas plantas.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Germination and initial growth of cowpea cultivars under salinity stress</em></strong><em></em></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The use of varieties tolerant to salinity stress conditions has been essential for the crops establishment in are asthat experience with this problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the germination process and early growth of seedlings of four varieties of cowpea under different levels of salinity. The seeds of BRS Tapaihum, BRS Pujante, BRS Acauã and BRS Marataoã were sown in foam, arranged in tray sand watered with the following NaCl concentrations: 0,50, 100, 150 and 200mM. The analized variables were Percentage of Germination, Emergence Speed Index, mean time, Relative Germination frequency, shoot length and water content of seedling. The cowpea varieties showed loss of germination capacity from 50 mM NaCl concentration. It was also verified that the salinity incidence promoted a decrease of the speed with which the varieties realized their biochemical, physiological, morphogenic events necessary to the process of germination and formation of the new plants.</p>

Germination and initial growth of triticale seeds under stationary magnetic fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Florez ◽  
Elvira Martinez ◽  
Victoria Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of 125 mT and 250mT magnetic treatment on the germination and initial growth of triticale seeds. This objective has a practical application in agriculture science: early growth of triticale. An increase in the percentage and rate of germination of seeds and a stimulation of growth of seedlings as positive response to magnetic field treatment in rice, wheat, maize and barley seeds have been found in previous studies. Germination tests were carried out under laboratory conditions by exposing triticale seeds to magnetic field for different times. The effect was studied by exposure of seeds prior sowing. The mean germination time were reduced for all the magnetic treatments applied. Most significant differences were obtained for time of exposure of 1 and 24 hours and maximum reductions was 12%. Furthermore, seedlings from magnetically treated seeds grew taller than control. The longest mean total length was obtained from seedlings exposed to 125 and 250 mT for 24 hours. External magnetic fields are assumed to enhance seed vigor by influencing the biochemical processes by stimulating activity of proteins and enzymes. Numerous studies suggested that magnetic field increases ions uptake and consequently improves nutrition value.

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