scholarly journals Hypomagnesemia in beef cattle from the central region of Argentina: retrospective study

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán José Cantón ◽  
Eduardo Luján Fernández ◽  
Juan Ignacio Poo ◽  
Ernesto Juan Alfredo Späth ◽  
Ernesto Raúl Odriozola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beef Herds

ABSTRACT: Hypomagnesaemia (grass tetany) is a metabolic disorder of ruminants due to a reduced dietary intake of magnesium (primary deficiency), incorrect digestibility or associated metabolic factors reducing Mg intake (secondary deficiency). Grass tetany is a production disease responsible for important economic losses in beef herds from Argentina. Several factors influence the development of grass tetany in cattle, including physiological status, weather, soil and forage. This research described a retrospective analysis over the past 20 years, revising the cases of beef cattle clinical hypomagnesaemia registered at the Veterinary Diagnostic Service in INTA Balcarce, Argentina.

Cirurgia Paliativa em Pacientes com Tumor Periampular Irressecável: Estudo Retrospectivo de 5 Anos em um Hospital em São José dos Campos – SP/Surgical Palliation in Patients with Unresectable Periampullary Tumor: a Retrospective Study of 5 Years in a Hosp

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
José Henrique Gomes Torres ◽  
Rosyane Rena De Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Periampullary Tumor ◽  
The Past ◽  
Palliative Procedure ◽  
Surgical Palliation ◽  
Head Of The Pancreas ◽  
Keywords Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Main Complication

Objetivo: Avaliar diferentes métodos paliativos quanto a sua resolução, complicações e sobrevida em pacientes com tumor periampular irressecável. Materiais e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com análise dos prontuários de pacientes com tumor periampular irressecável e que foram submetidos a procedimento paliativo no Hospital Municipal Dr José de Carvalho Florence nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: O principal tumor periampular foi o de cabeça de pâncreas, com incidência de 94%, acometendo pacientes com média de 66 anos, sem preferência por sexo. Os procedimentos mais realizados foram derivação biliar e colocação de endoprótese através de colangiopancreatografia endoscópica retrógrada, apresentando sobrevidas de 586 e 56 dias, respectivamente. Conclusão: A coledocojejunostomia foi o procedimento mais realizado e apresentou menor tempo de internação e maiores sobrevida e tempo de permanência anictérico. Pneumonia foi a complicação mais frequente.  Palavras chave: Câncer pancreático, Colangiocarcinoma, Cuidados paliativos.  Objective: To evaluate different palliative methods concerning its resolution, complications and survival in patients with unresectable periampular tumor. Materials and methods: Retrospective study analysing records of patients with unresectable periampullary tumor and who underwent palliative procedure in the Hospital Municipal Dr José de Carvalho Florence in the past five years. Results: The main periampullary tumor was the head of the pancreas, with an incidence of 94%, affecting patients with an average of 66 years old, regardless of gender. The most common procedures were bypass and biliary stent, with survival rates of 586 and 56 days, respectively. Conclusion: Coledocojejunostomy was the procedure which was the most often performed and showed a shorter hospital stay and longer survival time and time without jaundice. Pneumonia was the main complication.  Keywords: Pancreatic cancer, Cholangiocarcinoma, Palliative care  

PSVIII-5 Genetic parameters of thrombin as a proxy for horn fly abundance in beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Ashley S Ling ◽  
Taylor Krause ◽  
Amanda Warner ◽  
Jason Duggin ◽  
Bradley Heins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Highest Posterior Density

Abstract Horn flies (Haematobia irritans) are a major nuisance to cattle, especially in warm, humid regions, and are estimated to cause economic losses in excess of $1 billion annually to the U.S. beef cattle industry. Variation in horn fly tolerance has been reported within and across breeds, and heritability estimates ranging between 10 and 80% show a clear genetic basis. However, collecting fly abundance phenotypes is costly and logistically demanding, which precludes large-scale implementation. Consequently, finding correlated phenotypes and endo-phenotypes that are heritable and relatively easy to measure would facilitate implementation of horn fly tolerance genetic improvement programs. Thrombin (TH), a blood coagulation precursor, has a reported association with horn fly count variation within and across cattle breeds. In this study, the genetic basis of thrombin in beef cattle was investigated. Blood samples and horn fly count were collected on 360 cows and heifers twice during the summer of 2019 (June and August). Due to uncertainty associated with assessment of horn fly abundance and thrombin and the fact that economic losses occur only when fly abundance exceeds a certain threshold, thrombin was categorized into 4 classes (1=TH > 500 ng/ml; 2=250< TH< 500 ng/ml; 3=100< TH< 250 ng/ml; and 4=TH< 100 ng/ml). The trait was analyzed using linear (continuous) and threshold (discrete) mixed models. Both models included farm, pregnancy status, and cow age as fixed effects and additive and permanent environment random effects. The pedigree included 642 animals. Estimates of heritability were 0.24 and 0.29 using linear and threshold models, respectively. Estimates of repeatability were slightly higher using the threshold model (0.21 vs 0.19). Despite the small data size, all estimates were non-zero based on their respective highest posterior density intervals. These results indicate reasonable genetic variation for thrombin that could be harnessed for improvement of horn fly tolerance in cattle.

scholarly journals Anti-libidinal medication among sex offenders: a descriptive study from a specialized outpatient unit in Bordeaux (France)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Cochez ◽  
Nicolas Thoumy ◽  
Jean-Philippe Cano
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Court Ordered Treatment

Enhancements in the treatment of sexual offenders has been taking place for over four decades. The development of pharmacological therapy has helped to reduce the risk of re-offense and has demonstrated its utility in combination with psychotherapy. However further studies to demonstrate the efficacy of these therapies are required. We conducted a retrospective study in a unit that provides care for sexual offenders (court ordered treatment or voluntary treatment). Among the 224 patients at ERIOS over the past 15 years, we identified 23 patients who had received anti-libidinal treatment (ALM) at some point in their care. The results, obtained from only 22 informative files, indicate that 16 patients presented no notion of deviant fantasy or behavioral relapse under medication. This study also highlights the comorbidities and offers a perspective regarding the improvement in prescribing this type of pharmacological therapy.

scholarly journals The History of the Walled (Formal) Garden at Benmore Botanic Garden

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-236
Author(s):  
David Gray
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The 2.02 ha site containing the Category B listed Walled Garden at Benmore is currently the subject of a major redesign proposal and active fundraising programme. The purpose of this article is to raise the profile of the project by investigating and highlighting the historical development of the site. This retrospective study is also intended as a support to contemporary redevelopment plans and as a demonstration of how the past underpins and informs the future.I am frankly and absolutely for a formal garden … It is a small piece of ground enclosed by walls … There is not the least attempt to imitate natural scenery (Phillpotts, 1906, p. 54).

scholarly journals Minimally invasive comprehensive treatment for granulomatous lobular mastitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohuai Wang ◽  
Junlong Song ◽  
Yi Tu ◽  
Chuang Chen ◽  
Shengrong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Operative Technique ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
Surgical History ◽  
Hospital Stays

Abstract Objective: To describe a minimally invasive comprehensive treatment for granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and compare its effect with the existing methods, particularly in terms of its recurrence rate and esthetic outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 69 GLM patients receiving the minimally invasive comprehensive treatment. Patients’ information, including age, clinical features, image characteristics, histopathological findings, mastitis history, treatment process, operative technique, recurrence, and esthetic effect, was evaluated. Results: All patients were female with a median age of 32 (range 17 - 55) years. Hospital stays ranged from 2 to 34 days, with a median of 6 days. The shortest time for complete rehabilitation was 2 days and the longest time was 365 days, with a median of 30 days. After a median follow-up of 391 days (range 162 - 690), 7 patients (10.14%) relapsed. The average cosmetic score was 2.62 ± 0.57 points and was mainly related to the past treatment, especially the surgical history. Conclusion: Minimally invasive comprehensive treatment is a new method for the treatment of GLM, ensuring a therapeutic effect while maintaining breast beauty.

scholarly journals Botanicals: a natural approach to control ascaridiosis in poultry

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. SYMEONIDOU ◽  
E. BONOS ◽  
K. MOUSTAKIDIS ◽  
P. FLOROU-PANERI ◽  
E. CHRISTAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Natural Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Anthelmintic Efficacy ◽  
Anthelmintic Drugs

Parasites (protozoa, helminthes, arthropods) represent a main threat for poultry worldwide. Among helminthes, nematodes constitute the most important group of parasites of poultry. The nematode Ascaridia galli, the cause of ascaridiosis in poultry, is one of the most important and prevalent parasites, resulting in serious economic losses, associated with the treatment cost, the decreased feed efficiency, and the poor egg and meat production. During the past few decades the indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs has generated several cases of resistance in helminthes in poultry, situation which is coupled with the severity of residues in poultry products. For this reason, nowadays attention has been drawn to the use of botanicals in poultry diet, due to their anthelmintic properties. Furthermore, the dietary use eco-friend ly of these plant derived substances compared to conventional synthetic anthelmintic drugs is considered as a natural and ecofriendly approach by the consumers. The focus of the present review is to recapitulate the studies, both in vivo and in vitro, that have demonstrated the anthelmintic efficacy of various dietary botanicals in controlling poultry ascaridiosis.

Foetal wastage in food animals slaughtered at Nsukka Municipal abattoir, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
F. O. Abonyi ◽  
O. E. Ikejiofor ◽  
K. I. Idika
Keyword(s):  
Visual Observation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Food Animals ◽  
The Law

This study was conducted to evaluate foetal/pregnancy losses following slaughtering of food animals at Nsukka Municipal Abattoir Enugu State, Nigeria over a period of three months (April to June). The pregnancy status of each animal was determined tentatively by visual observation and by palpation of the exposed uterus after slaughtering. Attempts were made to recover embryos from dams with structures suggestive of pregnancy by flushing. Foetuses were recovered from slaughtered cattle, goats and pigs. The ages of recovered foetuses were determined and grouped according to the stage of gestation. A total of 2711 animals were slaughtered within the study period which comprised 1303 (48.06%) cattle, 756 (27.89%) pigs and 652 (24.05%) goats. The percentages of female animals slaughtered were 19.41, 49.74 and 91.26 for cattle, pigs and goals, respectively. Of these figures, 7.43%, 8.78% and 40.34% of cows, sows and does were pregnant, respectively. Similarly of the 78 uteri flushed, 4, 10 and 7 embryos were recovered from cattle, pigs and goats. The slaughtering of these pregnant animals resulted in loss of 605 foetuses; 417 goats, 174 pigs and 14 cattle, respectively. This amounts to possible economic losses of N5, 946,000.00 or $37,396.23. Reasons advanced for slaughtering of these pregnant animals included financial needs, scarcity and or high cost of feed and ignorance of the physiological status of the animals. It was concluded from the study that to reduce foetal losses in Nsukka area, educating the farmers, provision of portable pregnancy diagnostic facilities and enforcing the law prohibiting slaughtering of pregnant animals are vital.

scholarly journals The Effect of Stress on Reproduction and Reproductive Technologies in Beef Cattle—A Review

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Fernandez-Novo ◽  
Sonia S. Pérez-Garnelo ◽  
Arantxa Villagrá ◽  
Natividad Pérez-Villalobos ◽  
Susana Astiz
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Major Factors

Researchers have contributed by increasing our understanding of the factors affecting reproduction in beef, mainly physical health and nutrition aspects, which have been main concerns during decades. Animal welfare is of outmost relevance in all animal production systems and it is strongly associated to stress. Stress responses involve endocrine, paracrine and neural systems and the consequences of this stress on the reproductive efficiency of specifically, beef cattle and bulls, need to be highlighted. We, therefore, describe the fundamentals of stress and its quantification, focusing in beef herds, reviewing the highly valuable pieces of research, already implemented in this field. We examine major factors (stressors) contributing to stress in beef cattle and their effects on the animals, their reproductive performance and the success of reproductive biotechnologies. We include terms such as acclimatization, acclimation or temperament, very relevant in beef systems. We examine specifically the management stress due to handling, social environment and hierarchy or weaning effects; nutritional stress; and thermal stress (not only heat stress) and also review the influence of these stressors on reproductive performance and effectiveness of reproductive biotechnologies in beef herds. A final message on the attention that should be devoted to these factors is highlighted.

scholarly journals Taiwan Vulnerability Analysis: A Comparative Study with Japan, China, U.S.A., U.K., France, and the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Shou Su
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

<p>Taiwan has performed well economically during the past four decades. However, economic development can be profoundly hampered by natural disasters. Sustainable economic development requires environmental resilience. With 23 million people occupying only 13,974 square miles of land, Taiwan is both densely populated and highly exposed to natural disasters: 73.1% of the total population lives in vulnerable areas, and Taiwan is ranked as the country most exposed to multiple hazards (The World Bank, 2005). Storms and floods damage Taiwan frequently, with an average of six typhoons hitting Taiwan annually for the past four decades. Taiwan had the highest occurrence and highest death toll on the natural disaster density indicator (NDDI) in comparison with China, Japan, U.S.A, U.K., France, and the Netherlands from 1985 to 2014. Also, Taiwan’s economic losses during the past thirty years are estimated at $650, 000 per km². This is approximately 5 times that of the Netherlands’ $134,362 and the U.K.’s $135,292, 8 times that of the U.S.A.’s $78,186 losses, and 9 times that of France’s $70,599. Research finds that every dollar invested into disaster preparedness would save $4 to $7 dollars in post-disaster damages (Multihazard Mitigation Council, 2005; The National Academy of Sciences, 2012). Hence, promoting urban resilience policies for disaster risk reduction should become a priority in Taiwan and other Asian nations in the future. Most important is the need of a strong political commitment and leadership to initiate and implement spatial policies toward resilience.</p>

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