scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE ORAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OF VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Jullian Josnei de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Stanislawczuk Grande ◽  
Ricardo Bahls ◽  
Fabio André Santos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral Conditions ◽  
Dental Conditions

ABSTRACT Introduction Dental care can improve athletes’ performance, promoting oral health and preventing changes that could disrupt their sports routine. Objective To evaluate the dental conditions, habits, and oral health care of volleyball athletes, and their knowledge of the importance of oral health in sports performance. Methods Sixty-four male athletes participated in the study: 40 from the basic categories (16 ± 3 years) and 24 professionals (25 ± 5 years). For the assessment of oral conditions, changes in the temporomandibular joint, history of facial and dental trauma, and the presence of malocclusions and orthodontic treatment were verified. Hygiene was measured by the visible plaque index. To determine the athletes’ oral hygiene, they were asked how many times per day they brushed their teeth, flossed their teeth, or used oral mouthwash. Finally, we evaluated the athletes’ opinions concerning the importance of oral health and sports performance. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s Exact tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results For most of the parameters evaluated, similar results were found between professional and baseline athletes (p> 0.05). However, for the parameters “flossing” (p = 0.0027) and “facial/dental trauma” (p = 0.0444), significant differences were observed (p <0.05) between the categories of athletes. Conclusion We conclude that professional athletes are more prone to facial/dental trauma, and that the presence of a dental surgeon to assist the team improves athletes’ overall oral health. Level of evidence II; Retrospective study.

scholarly journals Association between domestic violence and oral health conditions among adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e524101019132
Author(s):  
Beatriz de Araújo Gusmão ◽  
Laura Arruda do Nascimento ◽  
Michele Gomes do Nascimento ◽  
Fabiana Godoy ◽  
Carolina Da Franca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health History ◽  
Exposure To Domestic Violence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Violent Acts

This study surveyed the oral health conditions of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years and their association with exposure to domestic violence. The study sample consisted of 333 adolescents enrolled in the State School System in the city of Olinda, PE, Brazil. Sociodemographic data, information on the participant’s oral health conditions, and their history of domestic physical violence were collected. The health-related variables analyzed included self-perceived oral health, history of toothache, and the frequency of toothbrushing and visits to the dentist. The data were entered into the Epi data 3.1 and analyzed in the SPSS program 23.0 by Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. There was a significant association of history of toothache and domestic violence with physical aggression from the mother (P = 0.001; OR = 2.39), a relative (P = 0.001; OR = 2.41) and any family member and/or with witnessing violent acts between the parents (P = 0.011; OR = 1.88). However, no association between physical violence and self-perceived oral health or the frequency of visits to the dentist was observed. To conclude, our findings indicate that the oral health conditions of adolescents may be directly associated with domestic violence.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMPETITION ANXIETY ON ATHLETES SPORTS PERFORMANCE: IMPLICATION FOR COACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1460-1464
Author(s):  
Noor Muhammad Marwat ◽  
Syed Zia ul Islam ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Luqman ◽  
Mehwish Manzoor ◽  
Irfanullah
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Psychology Programs ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competition anxiety upon sports performance of elite athletes who took part in the “31st National Games held in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa’s (KP), Pakistan. Methodology: One hundred and twenty-eight (N=128) males= 88, females= 40; Age 21.9 +/-1.5 years; Sports Experience, 8.9 +/-1.7 years) provided the required information on 15-items Sports Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT). The history of sports performance of athletes was obtained during breaks within competitive fixtures. Main Findings: The analyzed data revealed that competitive anxiety is responsible for 38% change in sports performance. Furthermore, the relationship is moderate negative identifying that an increase in competitive anxiety decreases the sports performance of athletes (r=-0.386, P=.002). Additionally, comparative analyses indicated that female athletes and athletes from individual sports showed higher levels of Competition Anxiety, while male athletes and athletes with team sport reported lower levels of Competition Anxiety (P <.005). Implications of the study: This gender impact is critical and significant showing decisive implications for the coaches and trainers. These findings were explored in light of the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for designing sport psychology programs in Pakistan for athletes from various contexts. Novelty: The findings indicate that competitive trait anxiety can harm the success, and indicate that certain PL athletes can benefit from therapies that seek to decrease anxiety before and during competition.

scholarly journals Oral Health among Adult Residents in Vilnius, Lithuania

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Milda Vitosyte ◽  
Alina Puriene ◽  
Indre Stankeviciene ◽  
Arunas Rimkevicius ◽  
Rita Trumpaite-Vanagiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Behavioral Determinants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Conditions

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) oral conditions may be determined by social, biological, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. The study assessed oral health status and its determinants associated with oral health conditions among adult residents in Vilnius, Lithuania. A total of 453 of 35–74-year-olds participated (response rate 63%). A self-reported questionnaire was administered. Dental caries experience (D3MFS score), periodontal probing depth (PPD), andnumber of missing teeth were assessed clinically. Data were analyzed using χ2 test, independent samples t-test, and multivariable linear regression. The mean (sd) of D3MFS scores was 67.3 (33.5), the mean (sd) number of teeth with PPD 4+ mm was 5.9 (5.3), prevalence of periodontitis was 33%, the mean (sd) number of missing teeth was 6.9 (6.8), and prevalence of total edentulism was 3.8%. Medication use was associated with all oral health conditions, while age was associated with caries experience, and missing teeth. Sugar-containing diet was associated with caries experience, and missing teeth, and smoking with caries experience and periodontal status. Systemic diseases were associated with periodontal status, while behavioral determinants, last dental visit, and use of fluoridated toothpaste were associated with missing teeth. Oral health status among adult Vilnius residents was poor. Oral conditions were associated with both biological and behavioral determinants. Oral health promotion should focus on modifying behavioral determinants.

scholarly journals Developmental enamel defects and other oral problems in children with microcephaly associate with fetal exposure to zika virus (ZIKV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Erica Santana D Agostino ◽  
Janeusa Rita Leite Primo Chagas ◽  
Tatiana Frederico de Almeida ◽  
Maria Beatriz Barreto de Sousa Cabra ◽  
Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fetal Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Oral Conditions

Introduction: Children with microcephaly as a result of fetal exposure to the Zika virus (ZIKV) may experience brain changes, neurological abnormalities, bone and craniofacial deformities. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe oral problems and oral health habits involving children in early childhood with microcephaly associated with fetal exposure to ZIKV. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of children with microcephaly, exposed to ZIKV during the pregnancy, attended at the Neuropediatrics outpatient clinic of a reference center in Salvador-BA. Clinical examination of oral conditions and interviews with mothers/ guardians were performed to obtain sociodemographic data and lifestyle habits. A descriptive analysis of the variables and exploratory analysis of factors associated with defects in enamel development (DDE) were done using Pearson's chi square and a significance level of 5%. Results: 74 children participated in the study and a higher frequency of the following oral conditions was observed: delayed eruption chronology (100%), dental biofilm (55.88%) and enamel defects (DDE) (22.06%). Bohn nodules (6.85%), micro dents (2.70%) and ectopically positioned dental elements (1.35%) were less frequent. Only one of them showed incipient caries lesion (1.47%). The occurrence of DDE was more frequent among those with ogival palate, normal weight at birth and who did not have an eruptive delay (p <0.05). In oral habits, 52.70% used a pacifier, 50% feeding at night, 66.22% used sugar and 52.24% brushed teeth before bed. Conclusion: Monitoring oral health conditions is necessary to minimize oral health problems in these children.

scholarly journals Alveólise em Dente Decíduo: Relato de Caso

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Cinthya Pinto Sarmento ◽  
Carolina Medeiros Almeida ◽  
Kátia Simone Alves Santos ◽  
Fernanda de Araújo Trigueiro Campos ◽  
Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Routine Clinical Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral Condition

Alveólise é uma patologia ósseo-gengival caracterizada pela exposição da raiz dentária na cavidade oral, em função da reabsorção da tábua óssea alveolar, comumente relacionada ao traumatismo dentário e/ou cárie dentária. Considerada de baixa ocorrência, geralmente, acomete crianças do sexo masculino entre 4 e 5 anos de idade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de alveólise em dente decíduo anterior, em uma criança de 6 anos de idade, com história de traumatismo dentário na região anterior da maxila. A lesão foi diagnosticada após exame clínico de rotina. No exame físico intraoral, observou-se a exposição do ápice radicular do dente 61, circundada por tecido levemente edemaciado e eritematoso e presença de ulceração na mucosa labial relacionada ao ápice exposto. O dente envolvido não apresentava cárie, apenas discreta fratura no ângulo incisal. O paciente apresentava uma condição bucal insatisfatória, caracterizada pela presença generalizada de biofilme dental visível e cárie precoce e severa da infância. No exame radiográfico não foi evidenciada reabsorção radicular no dente 61 e se constatou a presença dos incisivos centrais permanentes superiores em condições de normalidade. O diagnóstico foi de alveólise do tipo fenestração apical. O tratamento indicado foi a exodontia do dente afetado. Não houve intercorrência durante o tratamento e o pós-operatório foi satisfatório, considerando a erupção normal do dente sucessor e o restabelecimento das condições ideais de saúde bucal da criança. Concluiuse, portanto, que a alveólise é uma condição de fácil diagnóstico, tratamento simplificado e de bom prognóstico.Palavras-chave: Traumatismos Dentários. Dente Decíduo. Perda do Osso Alveolar.AbstractAlveolysis is a bone-gingival pathology characterized by the exposure of the dental root in the oral cavity, due the reabsorption of the alveolar bone, commonly related to dental trauma and/or dental caries. It is a condition of low occurrence, and usually affects male children between 4 and 5-years-old. The aim of this case report was to present a clinical case of alveolysis in a deciduous anterior tooth in a 6-year-old child with a history of dental trauma in the anterior region of the maxilla. The lesion was diagnosed after routine clinical examination. The intraoral examination revealed the radicular apex of the tooth 61, surrounded by slightly edema and erythematous tissue, and ulceration of the labial mucosa related to the exposed apex. The tooth involved had no caries , only slight fracture at the incisal angle. The patient presented n unsatisfactory oral condition, characterized by the presence of visible dental biofilm and severe early childhood caries. The radiographic exam revealed root resorption on tooth 61 and the presence of the maxillary permanent central incisors in conditions of normality. The diagnosis was of alveolysis with apical fenestration. The treatment of choice was the dental extraction of the involved tooth. There was no intercurrence during the treatment and the postoperative was satisfactory, considering the normal eruption of the successor tooth and the restoration of the child’s ideal oral health conditions. Thus, it can be concluded that alveolysis is a condition of easy diagnosis, simplified treatment and good prognosis.Keywords: Tooth Injures.Deciduous Tooth. Alvelolar Bone Loss.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Impact an Oral Health with a Focus on Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Alkhadra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
American Dental Association ◽  
Oral Conditions

The Covid-19 pandemic caused an increase in stress-related oral health conditions in 2020. In the United States, at one point the unemployment rate was at 25% with more than 20million Americans unemployed. Stressors experienced by the population during 2020 due to Covid-19 were evident in the dental field. This commentary identifies the causes for the spike in stress- related oral conditions as noted by the American Dental Association. Additionally, will explore the cause, effect, and possible solutions of some of the oral-health conditions mentioned.

Revisiting the Natural History of Chronic Scaphoid Nonunions: A Retrospective Study of 20 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Terrence Jose Jerome
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Proximal Pole ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The natural history of scaphoid nonunion is the development of degenerative arthritis. A lot of information is still unclear about this progression. The purpose of this study is to analyze patients with scaphoid nonunions who had not received any kind of treatment and to assess the functional outcome. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study that analyzed the patients with chronic scaphoid nonunions between 2009 and 2019. None of the patients received any treatment. The age at the time of injury, examination, pattern of fracture, types of scaphoid nonunion, symptoms, and duration of nonunion were noted. Diagnosis was confirmed by radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Scapholunate and radiolunate angles were recorded. Pain score, modified mayo wrist score, grip strength, range of movement, and the functional outcome of these scaphoid nonunions were analyzed. A statistical correlation between the scaphoid nonunion presentations and the functional outcome was assessed. Results The mean age of the patients was 62 years (range: 35–82 years.). There were 17 male and 3 female patients. There were 9 waist and 11 proximal pole scaphoid nonunions. The mean duration of scaphoid nonunion was 34 years (range: 10–62 years). None of the patients had avascular necrosis (AVN) of the proximal scaphoid. The age at examination, gender, side of injury, fracture pattern (waist/proximal pole), fracture displacement ≤ 1 mm or > 1 mm, nonunion duration, and radiographic arthritic parameters had no significant impact on the functional outcome. Conclusions Untreated chronic scaphoid nonunion leads to the development of degenerative arthritis over a period of years, which is still unpredictable. Most of the patients become aware of the nonunion following a precedent injury or other reasons. Most of the patients have fair/good functional outcome despite reduced range of movements and grip strength. Many do not favor surgical intervention in the course of nonunion. Chronic nonunions open a lot of unanswered questions. Clinical relevance There have been numerous studies on the treatment aspects of scaphoid nonunion, with little knowledge about certain people with nonunion who did not have any kind of treatment. The demographics, clinical findings, and radiological parameters do confirm the progression of these nonunion to arthritis, but most of them had fair-to-good outcome throughout their life. It opens our thinking about the real need of treatment in such nonunions and raises numerous questions about the disease. Level of evidence This is a Level IV study.

scholarly journals Analysis of the consumption of sports supplements in elite fencers according to sex and competitive level

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Mata ◽  
Raúl Domínguez ◽  
Álvaro López-Samanes ◽  
Ángela Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Pablo Jodra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Sports Supplements ◽  
Australian Institute

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to analyze the consumption of sports supplements (SS) in competitive level fencers and compare differences based on sex and competitive level (international and national). Methods A total of 49 fencers (18 men and 31 women) of national (n = 16) and international (n = 33) level completed a questionnaire with questions about SS consumption and the possible repercussions on health and / or sports performance. The results were analyzed based on the different categorizations established by the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), as well as by sex and level of competence to which the participants belonged to. Results 46.9% of fencers have consumed SS with the main motivation being performance improvement (34.2%). Medical doctors were the individuals who were more likely to advise men to consume SS (50.0% vs 5.6%; OR = 3.29 [1.50–7.20]). Friends were most likely to advise women (38.9% vs 8.3%; OR = 1.75 [1.05–2.93]). The most consumed SS were sport drinks (44.9%), vitamin C (43.4%), sport bars (38.8%), and caffeine (28.6%). In regards to the SS categories, it was observed differences in the interaction level·sex in medical supplements (p = 0.017). In addition, there was a higher prevalence of whey protein consumption in women (25.8% vs 0%; p = 0.020) and iron consumption in men (33% vs 6.5%; p = 0.039). Conclusions The prevalence of SS use in fencers is within the values previously reported in athletes of the same competitive level. There were no differences by sex and competitive level in the total consumption of SS, nor in each of the groups of level of evidence, being sport drinks, bars and caffeine the most consumed SS.

Patients With a History of Oronasal Fistula Repair Exhibit Lower Oral Health Measured With Patient-Centric Outcomes Measures

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098133
Author(s):  
Alyssa Fritz ◽  
Diana S. Jodeh ◽  
Fatima Qamar ◽  
James J. Cray ◽  
S. Alex Rottgers
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Oronasal Fistula ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Oronasal fistulae following palatoplasty may affect patients’ quality of life by impacting their ability to eat, speak, and maintain oral hygiene. We aimed to quantify the impact of previous oronasal fistula repair on patients’ quality of life using patient-reported outcome psychometric tools. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 8- to 9-year-old patients with cleft palate and/or lip was completed. Patients who had a cleft team clinic between September 2018 and August 2019 were recruited. Participants were divided into 2 groups (no fistula, prior fistula repair). Differences in the individual CLEFT-Q and Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) Oral Health scores between the 2 groups were evaluated using a multivariate analysis controlling for Veau classification and syndromic diagnosis. Results: Sixty patients with a history of cleft palate were included. Forty-two (70%) patients had an associated cleft lip. Thirty-two (53.3%) patients had no history of fistula and 28 (46.7%) patients had undergone a fistula repair. CLEFT-Q Dental, Jaw, and Speech Function were all higher in patients without a history of a fistula repair; however, none of these differences were statistically significant. The COHIP-SF 19 Oral Health score demonstrated a significantly lower score in the fistula group, indicating poorer oral health ( P = .05). Conclusions: One would expect that successful repair of a fistula would result in improved function and patient satisfaction, but the consistent trend toward lower CLEFT-Q scores and significantly increased COHIP-SF 19 Oral Health scores in our study group suggests that residual effects linger and that the morbidity of a fistula may not be completely treated with a secondary correction.

scholarly journals Oral Health and Psychosocial Predictors of Quality of Life and General Well-Being among Adolescents in Lesotho, Southern Africa

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Abbas Jessani ◽  
Jonghm Choi ◽  
Abdul El-Rabbany ◽  
Pulane Lefoka ◽  
Mir Faeq Ali Quadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Fair Poor ◽  
Dental Conditions

Background: Adolescents’ quality of life is reported to be significantly associated with physical and social wellbeing. Although adolescents are 30% of the Southern African population, no previous studies have focused on this group in relation to oral health and quality of life. Methods: A 40-item survey and clinical oral examinations were conducted in public schools in Maseru from 10 to 25 August 2016. Simple, bivariate, and multivariate regressions were used to evaluate the associations of oral health and psychosocial factors with self-reported general health status and quality of life. Results: A total of 526 participants, aged 12–19 years old, responded to the survey and participated in the clinical examinations. The majority reported a good (good/very good/excellent) quality of life (84%) and general health (81%). Bivariate results showed that self-reported general health in this population was significantly influenced by age. The presence of toothache and sensitivity in the adolescents were significantly associated with poor (fair/poor) self-reported general health and were found to be the best predictors for self-general health and quality of life. Conclusions: The absence of dental conditions such as toothache and tooth sensitivity can lead to a better perception of general health and Quality of Life in adolescents.

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