scholarly journals Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lhullier ◽  
M. I. G. Moritz ◽  
E. O. Tabalipa ◽  
F. N. Sardá ◽  
N. F. Z. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Hsv 1

Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing β-galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cytotoxicity, anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and antibacterial activities of Ficus vasta and phytoconstituents

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Rashed ◽  
Lucy Ono
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Hsv 1

This study deals with the evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity of the methanol 80% extract of Ficus vasta aerial parts in Vero cells, anti-HSV-1 and antibacterial activities and the determination of the phytochemical content of the F. vasta methanol extract. The extract was tested for its cytotoxicity in Vero cells and for anti-HSV-1 and against bacterial strains as S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa and also phytochemical constituents were detected. The results showed that this extract presented a CC50 value of 389 µg/mL, an intermediate value taking into account other researchers reported for some Moraceae species. Regarding the other biological activities, antiviral effect was not demonstrated by a HSV-1 challenge dilution of 100x tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50) and also by the disk-diffusion method at the higher non-toxic concentration of the extract (119 µg/mL). Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract proved the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids and triterpenes. Chromatographic separation of the methanol extract resulted in the isolation and identification of ?-sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, ursolic acid, naringenin, luteolin, quercetin, vitexin, quercetin 3-O-?-glucoside and rutin. The results indicated that F. vasta aerial parts methanol extract is potential candidate for experiments of biological activity screening that are not anti-HSV-1 or antibacterial against the strains evaluated in this study, to be carried on in the future.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v3i1.17295 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, December 2013, 3(1): 211-218

scholarly journals Antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract of four species of Rutaceae family

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-468
Author(s):  
Hong Thien Van ◽  
Dang Gia Man Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Tuong An Quynh ◽  
Van Son Le
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
First Time

In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract from the leaves of four Rutaceae species, including Acronychia pedunculata, Clausena excavata, Glycosmis pentaphylla and Luvunga scandens, were performed using the agar disk diffusion method for the first time. The ethanolic extracts from the leaves of A. pedunculata and G. pentaphylla were able to resist against all six bacterial strains with zones of inhibition for Bacillus cereus (17.3±2.1 mm, 20.8±1.0 mm) Staphylococcus aureus (8.5±0.5 mm, 17.6±0.3 mm) Escherichia coli (16.7±2.1 mm, 15.3±1.2 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.7±0.6 mm, 14.0±1.7 mm), Salmonella enteritidis (22.3±0.6 mm, 24.6±0.5 mm) and Salmonella typhimurium (9.5±0.9 mm, 8.3±0.6 mm). On the other hand, the ethanolic extract of C. excavata leaf was resistant to B. cereus (12.3±0.6 mm), S. aureus (11.6±0.5 mm), E. coli (11.5±2.1 mm), P. aeruginosa (10.6±0.3 mm) while B. cereus (8.2±0.3 mm), S. aureus (9.3±0.6 mm), E. coli (8.5±0.5 mm) and S. typhimurium (8.3±0.6 mm) were inhibited by the ethanolic extract of L. scandens leaf. This study could provide necessary information for further application of these species in medicine.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Beef in Ambo and Holeta Towns, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin ◽  
Gezahegn Tafesse Soboka ◽  
Bizunesh Mideksa Borana ◽  
Lencho Megersa Marami ◽  
Edilu Jorga Sarba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

Background. Salmonella has been recognized as a major cause of food-borne illness associated with the consumption of food of animal origin. The present cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to May 2018 in Ambo and Holeta towns to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates from raw beef samples from abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants in Ambo and Holeta towns, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methods. A total of 354 beef samples were collected from abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants. Salmonella isolation and identification were carried out using standard bacteriological methods recommended by the International Organization for Standardization. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. Besides, a structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and potential risk factors for contamination of meat. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used for data analyses. Results. Of the total 354 meat samples examined, 20 (5.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.5–8.6) were positive for Salmonella. Two serotypes belonging to S. typhimurium (11 isolates) and I:4,5,12: i:- (9 isolates) were identified. The Salmonella detection rate in abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants was 4.2% (5/118), 8.5% (10/118), and 4.2% (5/118), respectively. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that 40%, 30%, and 20% of the Salmonella isolates were resistant to azithromycin, amoxicillin, and ceftriaxone, respectively. The odds of Salmonella isolation when meat handlers are illiterate were 7.8 times higher than those when they are educated to the level of secondary and above ( P = 0.032 ). Similarly, the likelihood of Salmonella isolation was 6.3 and 7.6 times higher among workers of butcher and restaurants, respectively, who had no training ( P = 0.003 ) and no knowledge ( P = 0.010 ) on food safety and hygiene. Conclusions. The study showed widespread multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates in the study areas. Therefore, raw meat consumption and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs should be discouraged. Provision of food safety education for meat handlers and further surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant isolates are suggested.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Fresh aerial parts of Ammi visnaga L. from Algeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Soumia Keddari ◽  
Narimen Benaoum ◽  
Yasmina Mokhtaria Boufadi ◽  
Mansouria Belhocine ◽  
Ali Riazi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ammi Visnaga ◽  
Wide Range

Medicinal plants have been used for countries as cures for human diseases because they contain components of therapeutic value. Among these medi-cinal plants, Ammi visnage which have an immense reservoir of potential compounds attributed to the secondary metabolites which have the advan-tage of being of great diversity of chemical structure and have a very wide range of biological activities. The objectives of the present work were to stu-dy the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds ex-tracted from A. visnaga L. Its extraction is performed by two methods, etha-nol extraction and water extraction. The results showed that A. visnaga L.. ethanolic extract contains a mixture of phytochemical classes as polyphenol, flavonoids and revealed that this plant has high antioxidant activity (IC50 0.069 mg/ml). Regarding the antimicrobial activity results expressed by the diameter of the inhibition zones by diffusion method AWDT, the most signifi-cant inhibition was observed against to Staphylococcus aureus (12 mm) to the ethanol extract at concentration of 100mg / ml. Thus the aqueous ex-tract had a significant inhibitory activity against on the strains Staphylococ-cus aureus (8 mm), E. coli ATCC 10536 (8 mm) to a concentration of 100 mg / ml. The results for the antibacterial properties have shown that Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and M. luteus.) were more sensitive than gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli ATCC 10536) against from the action of phenolic compounds of the Ammi visnaga ethanolic extract.

Synthesis, Characterizations, and Biological Effects Study of Some Quinoline Family

2016 ◽  
pp. 160-196
Author(s):  
Messai Amel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quinoline Derivatives ◽  
Single Crystal Diffraction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Gram Negative

The objective of this work is the synthesis of new quinoline molecules which could have some biological activities. This chapter reported a new approach to the synthesis of some quinoline derivatives. The Baylis-Hillman reaction on 2-methoxy-3-formyl quinoléines derivatives have applied in order to obtain Baylis-Hillman adducts. The products are characterized by FTIR, NMR and X-ray single crystal diffraction .Also, a study of the antibacterial activity of the 3-(2-chloro quinoline)-3-hydroxy-2 methylene propanonitrile products synthesized have been explored. This assessment is made by using the disk diffusion method. The results showed that the 3-(2'-chloroquinoline)-3-hydroxy-2-methylenepropanonitril derivatives present a good antibacterial effectiveness against the strains tested Gram-positive and no antibacterial potency was observed against the stains Gram-negative used in the test.

scholarly journals Bacterial Contamination Associated with Retail Chicken Carcasses in Osogbo, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 045-050
Author(s):  
Adesiji Yemisi Olukemi ◽  
Igbinigie Mavis Osas ◽  
Olaitan Janet Olubukola ◽  
Ogah Ikhevha Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Food Borne Illness

Abstract Background: Worldwide, food borne illness is often associated with consumption of meat and poultry products sold at retail markets. A study on the bacteriological status of chicken carcass in Osogbo, Nigeria, was carried out to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in chicken carcasses. Methodology: A total of 100 samples of chicken carcasses were collected from two major processing points in Osogbo, Nigeria. The samples were analysed for the presence of bacterial contaminants using standard microbiological isolation and identification procedures, with antimicrobial susceptibility test performed using the disk diffusion method. Result: Of hundred chicken carcasses sampled, 38% were positive for Arcobacter species and E. coli while 60% accounted for S. aureus isolates. Ninety percent of Arcobacter spp isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, 85% to gentamicin, and pefloxacin, 70% to chloramphenicol and 90% were resistant to amoxicillin, 85% to augumentin and 80% to streptomycin. Hundred percent of E. coli isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, 95% to gentamicin and 100% were resistant to streptomycin, 85 % resistant to amoxicillin, augumentin, while 100% of S. aureus isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole, 90% susceptible to gentamicin, 80% to streptomycin and 100% of the S.aureus isolates were resistant to ampliclox. Conclusion: The bacteriological status of chicken carcass revealed high contamination with Arcobacter, E coli and S. aureus with varying degree of antibiotic resistance therefore, improvement in meat processing procedures and strict hygiene measures towards reduction of these pathogens in food products should be encouraged.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Combined Plant Extract of Pyracantha crenulata and Zanthoxylum armatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Semwal Amit Negi Sweta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Plant Extraction

Abstract-Medicinal plants represent an essential source of drugs and have played an important role in healthcaresystem.PyracanthacrenulataandZanthoxylum armatumhave been used as traditional medicine. The main aim of the study was to find the antibacterial activity of the selected plants against bacterialspecies:E.coliandPseudomonasaeruginosa. The solvents used for plant extraction were hexane, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by Agar disk diffusion method. The hexane and aqueous extracts showed moderate activity whereas theethanolicextractsshowedasignificantantibacterial activity. In the study Tetracycline was used as standard. The combined ethanolic extract of both the selected plant showed the synergistic effect on the bacterial strain tested. This leads to the conclusion that the combined effect can have possible application in the development of products as antimicrobial.

Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility ofbacterial agents of canine pyometra

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afrim Hamidi ◽  
Driton Sylejmani ◽  
Avni Robaj
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Small Female ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of pyometra in bitches and isolation of bacteria involved and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility. For this purpose from March 2013 to February 2015, 230 bitches of different breeds and ages have been examined. Diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical signs, hematology, radiography and ultrasound. The isolation and identification of bacteria in pyometra was carried out using ISO-methods and the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates using the disk diffusion method. Canine pyometra was found more in bitches between 9-12 years old 10 cases (52.63%), and the most common dog affected breeds were small female dogs breed. The most common isolated pathogens from canine pyometra were; Escherichia coli (63.1%), Streptococcus pyogenes., (15.8%), Staphylococcus intermedius., (10.5%) and, Pseudomonas aeruginosa., (5.3%). Regarding AMR (antimicrobial resistance) Penicilin G and Ampicillin showed a very high resistance, indicating for acquired resistance due to improper und uncontrolled use.

scholarly journals Anacardic acid derivatives from Brazilian propolis and their antibacterial activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. S. Silva ◽  
S. G. De Lima ◽  
E. H. Oliveira ◽  
J. A. D. Lopes ◽  
M. H. Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phenol Derivatives ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Brazilian Propolis

Propolis is a sticky, gummy, resinous substance collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) from various plant sources, which has excellent medicinal properties. This paper describes the isolation and identification of triterpenoids and anacardic acid derivatives from Brazilian propolis and their antibacterial activity. Their structures were elucidated by ¹H and 13C NMR, including uni- and bidimensional techniques; in addition, comparisons were made with data from academic literature. These compounds were identified as: cardanols (1a + 1b), cardols (2a + 2b), monoene anacardic acid (3), a-amirine (4), b-amirine (5), cycloartenol (6), 24-methylene-cycloartenol (7) and lupeol (8). The determination of the position of the double bond after a reaction with Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is described for the phenol derivatives. The ethanolic extract was tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity by using the disc diffusion method and it showed significant results against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella spp.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and biological activities of ethanolic extract of C. hirsuta leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
NU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Anthraquinone Glycosides ◽  
Radical Scavenging Effect

This study investigated the phytochemical and biological activities like antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxitc effects of C. hirsuta (Synonym- Senna hirsuta) leaf extracted with exhanol. Qualitative phytochemical analyses were accomplished by established methods. Antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic effects were, respectively, measured by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method, disc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The presence of alkaloids, glycosides, anthraquinone glycosides and flavonoids were detected in the leaf extract. The extract showed significant (p < 0.01) radical scavenging effect (IC50, 200.96 ± 0.85 ?g/ml) in comparison to ascorbic acid (IC50, 1.24 ± 0.08 ?g/ml). The extract also showed significant (p < 0.05) zone of inhibitions against Gram-positive Bacillus cereus (13 ± 1.05 mm) and Bacillus megaterium (9 ± 0.85 mm), and Gram-negative Vibrio cholera (20 ± 0.68 mm), Escherichia coli (8 ± 0.92 mm), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (15 ± 1.03 mm), Salmonella paratyphi (9 ± 0.79 mm) and Shigella dysenteriae (8 ± 0.88 mm). In cytotoxic assay, the extract showed the LC50 value 315.5 ?g/ml which was statistically significant (p < 0.01) compared to reference cytotoxic agent vincristine sulfate (LC50, 38.99 ?g/ml). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i1.15413 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 48(1), 43-50, 2013

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