scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identification of Cladosporium sphaerospermum isolates collected from tomato plant residues

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. AL Abedy ◽  
B. H. AL Musawi ◽  
H. I. N. AL Isawi ◽  
R. G. Abdalmoohsin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Cladosporium Sphaerospermum ◽  
Desert Regions ◽  
Blast Program

Abstract This study was conducted at the Agriculture College University of Karbala, Iraq to isolate and morphologically and molecularly diagnose thirteen Cladosporium isolates collected from tomato plant residues present in desert regions of Najaf and Karbala provinces, Iraq. We diagnosed the obtained isolates by PCR amplification using the ITS1 and ITS4 universal primer pair followed by sequencing. PCR amplification and analysis of nucleotide sequences using the BLAST program showed that all isolated fungi belong to Cladosporium sphaerospermum. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the identified C. sphaerospermum isolates 2, 6, 9, and 10 showed a genetic similarity reached 99%, 98%, 99%, and 99%, respectively, with those previously registered at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBl). By comparing the nucleotide sequences of the identified C. sphaerospermum isolates with the sequences belong to the same fungi and available at NCBI, it was revealed that the identified C. sphaerospermum isolates 2, 6, 9, and 10 have a genetic variation with those previously recorded at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBl); therefore, the identified sequences of C. sphaerospermum isolates have been registered in GenBank database (NCBI) under the accession numbers MN896004, MN896107, MN896963, and MN896971, respectively.

scholarly journals Variasi Genetik dalam Populasi Kultivar Kopi Arabika Berbuah Kuning di Lahan Petani Berdasarkan Penanda SSRs

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Dani Dani ◽  
Nur Kholilatul Izzah ◽  
Enny Randriani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arabica Coffee

<p><em>Identification of the genetic diversity within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on morphological characters faced an obstacle in finding identical environmental conditions at farmers field. Therefore, an approach which is not influenced by differences in environmental conditions is required, for instance based on DNA polymorphism. The research aimed to analyze genetic variation within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on SSRs markers. The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from April until June 2015. The leaf samples for DNA extraction were obtained from yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar (AGK-1) and two red-berried cultivars  as controls, namely  ABP-1 (dwarf type) and Typica (tall type). AGK-1 and ABP-1 cultivars consisted of 17 and 5 individual numbers, respectively, whereas Typica cultivar comprised three individuals. PCR amplification was carried out using 12 SSR primers. Four primers (M24, SSRCa052, M32, and M42) produced polymorphic band. The binary data obtained in this research was subsequently processed using NTSYS-PC program version 2.1. The genotypes were grouped  based on a genetic similarity matrix using the unweighted pair group method arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The result showed the existence of genetic variation among individual of AGK-1 cultivars, which forming three clusters at the genetic similarity value of 67%. One cluster exhibited close genetic relationships between some individuals within the population of AGK-1 cultivar and Typica cultivar. Meanwhile, the other two clusters showed high genetic similarity between AGK-1 cultivar and ABP-1 cultivar. The result demonstrated the possibility of gene flow between genotypes or residual heterozygosity within the population of  AGK-1 cultivar at farmers field, which required a further study.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Population genetic variation analysis of bitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae in China using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Kangdi Guo ◽  
Kunqi Hong ◽  
Huijun Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Group I

AbstractBitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FOM) is a devastating crop disease in China. A total of 173 isolates characteristic of typical Fusarium oxysporum with abundant microconidia and macroconidia on white or ruby colonies were obtained from diseased plant tissues. BLASTn analysis of the rDNA-ITS of the isolates showed 99% identity with F. oxysporum species. Among the tested isolates, three were infectious toward tower gourd and five were pathogenic to bottle gourd. However, all of the isolates were pathogenic to bitter gourd. For genetic differences analysis, 40 ISSR primers were screened and 11 primers were used for ISSR-PCR amplification. In total, 127 loci were detected, of which 76 were polymorphic at a rate of 59.84%. POPGENE analysis showed that Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.09 and 0.15, respectively, which indicated that the genetic diversity of the 173 isolates was low. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.33 > 0.15) indicated that genetic differentiation was mainly among populations. The strength of gene flow (Nm = 1.01 > 1.0) was weak, indicating that the population differentiation caused by gene drift was blocked to some degree. The dendrogram based on ISSR markers showed that the nine geographical populations were clustered into two groups at the threshold of genetic similarity coefficient of 0.96. The Shandong and Henan populations were clustered into Group I, while the Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hubei populations constituted Group II. Results of the genetic variation analysis showed that the Hunan and Guangxi populations had the highest degree of genetic differentiation, while the Hubei population had the lowest genetic differentiation. Our findings enrich the knowledge of the genetic variation characteristics of FOM populations with the goal of developing effective disease-management programs and resistance breeding programs.

scholarly journals Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Thien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thi My Pham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

scholarly journals Producción de Hidrógeno mediante digestión anaerobia de residuos de planta de jitomate

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarai Camarena-Martínez ◽  
Juan Humberto Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Adriana Saldaña-Robles ◽  
Graciela M.L Ruiz-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Lignocellulosic Waste ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Native Microflora

Hydrogen (H2) is recognized as a promising energy carrier among the alternatives for obtaining clean energy, since it has a high energy efficiency (122 kJ / g) and can be obtained from lignocellulosic waste through a biological process. In the state of Guanajuato, high amounts of plant waste derived from tomato cultivation are generated because this is the crop mostly produced through protected agriculture. So, the objective of the present study was to consider tomato plant residues for the generation of hydrogen through the anaerobic digestion process. Two sources of inoculum, native microflora of the tomato plant and anaerobic sludge pretreated at 100 ° C for 24 h; and four mineral media at an initial pH of 6.5 ± 0.2 in batch experiments, were evaluated. The highest yield was 37.4 mLH2 / g SV using native microflora and mineral media with yeast extract. Hydrogen production was found like those reported in the literature for other type of waste, highlighting the no-need to pretreat the substrate or inoculum. Therefore, the methodology propose is efficient to the hydrogen production from tomato plant residues.

Genetic variation in populations of two Mediterranean annual pasture legumes (Biserrula pelecinus L. and Ornithopus compressus L.) and associated rhizobia

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loi ◽  
J. G. Howieson ◽  
P. S. Cocks ◽  
S. J. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Ornithopus Compressus

Genetic variation between and within populations of Biserrula pelecinus L. (biserrula) and Ornithopus compressus L. (yellow serradella) and associated rhizobia was studied using germplasm collected from sites in central-eastern and south-eastern Sardinia (Italy). Pods and root-nodule bacteria were collected on diagonal transects at each site. Plants were characterised in nursery rows and the rhizobia were isolated and tested for their effectiveness. Thirteen morphological traits were recorded and the results were analysed using cluster analysis. Genetic and phenotypic variation of rhizobia were assessed using DNA analysis (PCR, RAPDs) and effectiveness indices, respectively. Genetic variation based on morphological traits was found between and within sites for both species. Pod characteristics and flowering time were the most important traits assisting in discriminating between accessions. Flowering time varied more in serradella than in biserrula, particularly at Cantoniera Cannas. Although all rhizobial strains nodulated all accessions of biserrula, great variability in capacity to fix nitrogen was evident between and within sites. Distinct PCR amplification profiles were generated for individual rhizobial strains, which confirmed the phenotypic variability (effectiveness indices) of the strains. No relationship was found between host and rhizobia variation. The results are discussed in terms of (a) genetic differences for each species within and between sites; (b) differences in behaviour in respect to genetic variation between biserrula, serradella, and other Mediterranean annual legumes; and (c) spatial variability and symbiotic effectiveness of rhizobia.

Genetic variation of microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers in broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in the Colville and Sagavanirktok rivers in northern Alaska

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Patton ◽  
B J Gallaway ◽  
R G Fechhelm ◽  
M A Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Colville River ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Northern Alaska

There has been concern that a causeway leading to oil production facilities in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea could affect the extent of emigration from, and immigration into, a population of broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in the Sagavanirktok River. To assess this, we analyzed the genetic relationships of the broad whitefish populations in the Sagavanirktok River, and the nearest adjacent population, in the Colville River. Three microsatellite loci from the nuclear genome, and the NADH-1 gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), were analyzed. Diploid genotypes were determined with PCR amplification of the microsatellite loci, and mtDNA genotypes were identified with PCR amplification followed by sequencing of 798 nucleotides. Several alleles were identified at each locus and both populations had high levels of genetic variation. There is significant differentiation of the Sagavanirktok River and Colville River broad whitefish stocks for the three microsatellite loci (FST = 0.031) but not mtDNA (FST < 0.001). Possible explanations for the lower level of differentiation of mtDNA than microsatellites include female-mediated gene flow between populations, skewed sex ratios, natural selection, or mutation. The results indicate that there is limited gene flow between the Colville and Sagavanirktok rivers, which represent semi-isolated spawning populations.

Conservation genetics and ecology of the endangered rainforest shrub, Triunia robusta, from the Sunshine Coast, Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Shapcott
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The Mean

Triunia robusta, which until recently was thought to be extinct, is now classified nationally as endangered. It is an understorey species restricted to the subcoastal rainforests in a small region of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland. The project involved sampling the genetic variation and measuring the population size and size distribution of T. robusta and its geographically closest congener T. youngiana, which occurs further south and has a wider geographic distribution. A total of 877 T. robusta plants were recorded across the 11 populations, approximately half (56.8&percnt;) of these were juveniles less than 1 m tall, whereas in T. youngiana only about 36.4&percnt; of a population was composed of juveniles. Genetic diversity was similar but significantly higher for T. robusta than T. youngiana if the very small T. robusta populations (2 or 3 plants) were excluded from analysis (P &lt; 0.05). The mean percentage of polymorphic loci among populations was high for both species. Triunia robusta is not, on average, more inbred than the more common T. youngiana. There was more differentiation between the T. robusta populations, which were in close proximity, than between the more geographically separated T. youngiana populations. Thus, there is evidence of more gene flow between populations of T. youngiana than between those of T. robusta. However, there was no geographic relationship between genetic similarity and geographic proximity in T. robusta

scholarly journals A Universal Primer Set for PCR Amplification of Nuclear Histone H4 Genes from All Animal Species

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Pineau ◽  
Michel Henry ◽  
Rodolphe Suspène ◽  
Agnès Marchio ◽  
Agnès Dettai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Histone H4 ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Nuclear Histone
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