scholarly journals A new experimental model of intrinsic denervation in ileum from wistar rats through intramural microinjections of benzalkonium chloride

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Juliana O. Ribeiro ◽  
Marília G.P.A. Ferreira ◽  
Isabela C.S. Marques ◽  
Carolina Alvarenga ◽  
Andrigo B. Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Neuronal Injury ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Chemical Denervation

ABSTRACT: Extensive literature is available about the intrinsic denervation of segments of the digestive tube through the application of CB in the serosa of the viscera. However, this technique has some disadvantages like causing peritonitis, flanges and high mortality, limiting its use in humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of benzalkonium chloride (CB) to induce intrinsic chemical denervation, through applications of CB in the intramural ileum of wistar rats, as well as deepen the knowledge about the evolution of neuronal injury caused in the process. We used 40 rats, divided into two groups (control-GC and benzalkonium-GB) of 20 animals each, divided into four sub-groups according to the time of postoperative assessment of 24, 48 hours, 30 and 90 days. The animals were submitted to intramural microinjections of sterile saline solution 0.9% (GC) or benzalkonium chloride (GB) in ileal portion, and subsequent histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for evaluation of neuronal injury. A significant decrease (p<0.05) was found of the neuronal myenteric count over time in groups, GB3, GB4 and GB2. The specific positive immunolabeling for H2AX and Caspase-3 confirmed the results obtained in the histopathological evaluation, denoting the ignition of irreversible cell injury in 24 hours, evolving into neuronal apoptosis in 48 hours after application of the CB 0.3%. Under the conditions in which this work was conducted, it can be concluded that the application of CB 0.3% by means of microinjections intramural in the ileal wall is able to induce intrinsic chemical denervation of the diverticulum of wistar rats and that the main mechanism of neuronal death is induction of apoptosis.

scholarly journals Influence of local tetracycline on the microbiota of alveolar osteitis in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseane Maria Dias Bosco ◽  
Sérgio Ricardo de Oliveira ◽  
Álvaro Francisco Bosco ◽  
Christiane Marie Schweitzer ◽  
Elerson Gaetti Jardim Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Alveolar Osteitis ◽  
Microbial Samples

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of local tetracycline on the occurrence of alveolar osteitis in rats, and on the microbiota associated to this infection. Forty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=10): I - the rats had the maxillary right incisor extracted and the alveolar wound did not receive any treatment; II - adrenaline and Ringer-PRAS were introduced into the alveolar wound; III - the alveolar wound was irrigated with sterile saline; and IV - the alveolar wound was irrigated with an aqueous solution of tetracycline. Microbial samples from the alveolar wounds were collected 2 days after surgery and inoculated on blood agar (with and without 8 µg/mL of tetracycline) and other selective media, and were incubated in either aerobiosis or anaerobiosis at 37ºC, for 2 to 14 days. It was verified that tetracycline reduced the occurrence of alveolar osteitis in the rats and caused significant changes in the microbiota of the surgical sites, decreasing the number of anaerobes and increasing the participation of tetracycline-resistant and multi-resistant microorganisms.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural study of the effects of cyclosporine in the brainstem of Wistar rats submitted to the ethidium bromide demyelinating model

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Fernandes Bondan ◽  
Maria Anete Lallo ◽  
Dominguita Lühers Graça
Keyword(s):  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Group I ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Myelin Debris ◽  
Intracisternal Injection

The ethidium bromide-demyelinating model (EB) was used to study remyelination in the brainstem under the use of cyclosporine (CsA). Wistar rats were submitted to intracisternal injection of 0.1% EB or 0.9% saline solution, and others were taken as histologic controls (group I). Within those injected with EB, some have not received immunosuppressive treatment (II); some were treated by intraperitonial route with CsA (III.E - 10 mg/kg/day). Rats from group III.C were injected with saline solution and treated with CsA. The animals were perfused from 15 to 31 days post-injection collecting brainstem sections for light and transmission electron microscopy studies. After EB injection it was noted the presence of macrophages and non-degraded myelin debris, demyelinated axons, oligodendrocyte or Schwann cell remyelinated axons, groups of infiltrating pial cells, hypertrophic astrocytes and few lymphocytes. Tissue repair of EB-induced lesions in group III.E was similar to that of group II, but with the presence of a higher density of oligodendrocytes near remyelinating areas.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HEALOL OIL ON WOUND HEALING IN WISTAR RATS: A NOVEL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Sujith V ◽  
Poornima G ◽  
Balaji O ◽  
Bairy Kl ◽  
Praveen K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Silver Sulfadiazine ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Excision Wound ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Wound Model

 Objective: Wound healing is a complex process, and various plant extracts have been used to study the effect of medicinal plants on wound healing. Healol oil is used in some tribal areas for ulcer healing and treatment of burn wounds. There are no animal studies done so far using healol oil to find out its role in the treatment of wounds. Hence, the aim of our study is to find the effect of healol oil in excision as well burn wounds in Wistar rats.Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were used, 18 rats in excision wound model and remaining in burn wound model. Each model consists of three groups of six rats each. Povidone-iodine was used as a standard control in excision wound model and silver sulfadiazine was used as a standard control in burn wound model. Healol oil was used as test drug in both the models. Period of epithelization and wound contracture rates were analyzed. Histopathological analysis of the skin tissue was done. One-way analysis of variance was used followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for statistical analysis using SPSS version 23 software, P value of <0.05 was taken as statistical significance.Results: Both standard and test groups showed significantly faster wound healing (p<0.001) compared to control rats treated with paraffin wax in both the models. In excision model standard povidone was significantly (p<0.001) better compared to healol oil whereas in burn model, silver sulfadiazine and healol oil showed comparable results with respect to period of epithelization without statistical significance (p>0.05).Conclusion: Wound healing property of healol oil is proved, and further clinical trial can be done to find out the effect of healol oil on chronic wounds due to various etiologies.

scholarly journals Morphological alterations in the heart and aorta of rats treated with glucocorticoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
R. Dantas ◽  
K. Souza ◽  
D. Santos ◽  
V. Feitosa ◽  
E. Fioretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the heart and aorta of rats treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 08 control rats undergoing treatment with a 0.9% saline solution for 10 days and 08 rats treated for 10 days with dexamethasone (2mg/kg animal weight). Results: Histological analysis detected a mild cardiac hypertrophy and 15% reduction of collagen located in the aorta of animals treated with glucocorticoid when compared to the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment with dexamethasone for a period of 10 consecutive days is able to promote morphological changes in the structure of the heart chamber and, impair morphological structure of aorta.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Immobilized Prolonged Ammonium Antiseptics in Treatment of Purulent Wounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
B S Sukovatykh ◽  
A Y Grigoryan ◽  
A I Bezhin ◽  
T A Pankrusheva ◽  
Yu Yu Blinkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Purulent Wounds ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Relevance. Purulent complications occur in 35-45% of patients with surgical diseases, lethality rate from these conditions achieves 25%. The purpose of the study. To investigate the wound process while treating the purulent wounds with immobilized forms of miramistin and benzalkonium chloride in gel of sodium salt of carboxymetylcellulose. Materials and methods. There were analysed results of experimental study of the wound process on 108 male Wistar rats. Experimental animals were divided into 3 groups, each group included 36 rats. In a comparison group ‘Levomekol’ ointment was used for treatment. In the first experimental group treatment was done by the ointment with the following composition: 0,01% solution of miramistin — 100 g, metronidazol –1,0 g, sodium salt of carboxymetylcellulose — 4,0 g, while in the second experimental group ointment composition included benzalkonium chloride 0,02 g, metronidazol — 1,0 g, sodium salt of carboxymetylcellulose — 4,0 g, purified water — up to 100,0 g. The wound process was evaluated by planimetric, microbiological and histological methods of investigation. Results and its discussion. The reduction of wound area in the first experimental group was higher than in a comparison group on the 3rd day of the experiment by 9,7%, on the 5th day — by 7,6%, on the 10th and 15th days — by 10,5%, while in the second experimental group the change was 37,2%, 27,3%, 13,8% and 6,9% respectively. In the first experimental group microbial contamination of the wound was less than in a comparison group by 5,8х106, on the 5th day — by 3,1х105, on the 10th day — by 6,1х104, while in the second experimental group on the 3rd day there were no differences, on the 5th day — by 6,3х105, on the 10th day — 1,1х104. Histological investigations of the wound biopsies on the 10th day of experiment showed that in a comparison group the bottom of the wound was covered by granulation tissue without signs of epithelization, there was full coverage of the wound with a newly formed epithelium in experimental groups. Conclusions. The use of prolonged quaternary ammonium antiseptics in treatment of purulent wounds is pathogenetically justified and efficient.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE PRÓPOLIS OU MEL NO TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS LIMPAS INDUZIDAS EM RATOS

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. RAHAL ◽  
A.P.F.R.L. BRACARENSE ◽  
C.Y. TANAKA ◽  
T.P. GRILLO ◽  
C.A.L. LEITE
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

O trabalho objetivou verificar a influência do mel e do propólis na cicatrização de feridas limpas por segunda intenção, induzidos cirurgicamente. Foram utilizados 60 ratos, Wistar, fêmeas, com peso inicial entre 200 e 250 gramas, divididos em três grupos de vinte animais. Produziu-se uma ferida cutânea limpa na região torácica lateral esquerda e os animais foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: grupo I – própolis, grupo II – mel e grupo III – solução fisiológica 0,9% (controle). Com três, sete, 14 e 21 dias pós-operatórios, as feridas foram mensuradas e cinco ratos de cada grupo submetidos à eutanásia, para proceder exame histológico. A análise estatística das áreas das feridas não revelou diferenças significativas entre efeito de cada tratamento e número de dias após o tratamento. Histologicamente, os tratamentos com mel e própolis induziram melhor cicatrização pela redução da resposta inflamatória, havendo reepitelização mais rápida com o própolis. Use of propolis or honey in the treatment of clean wounds induced in rats Abstract Sixty female Wistar rats, initial weight from 200 to 250 g, were divided in three groups of twenty animals each. A clean skin wound was produced at the left lateral thoracic region. The wounds were treated with propolis (G1), honey (G2) and 0.9% saline solution (G3 – control). Wounds were measured and five rats were euthanatized at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days postoperative to perform the histopathologic examination. There were no statistical differences among the effect of each treatment and number of days after the treatment. The histological examination showed that honey and propolis treatments induced better healing compared to saline solution due to the reduction of the inflammatory response, but the reepitelization was faster using propolis.

The apoptotic effect of midazolam on the salivary gland of rats and the reversal effect by pilocarpine

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 898-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Rinaldi ◽  
Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues Johann ◽  
Patrícia Vida Cassi Bettega ◽  
Fábio Rocha ◽  
Sérgio Aparecido Ignácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Reversal Effect ◽  
Apoptotic Effect

To evaluate the apoptosis in parotid glands of rats treated with midazolam associated or not with pilocarpine, 60 Wistar rats were assigned to 6 groups: control groups received saline solution for 30 days (S30) and 60 days (S60) and the other groups received pilocarpine for 60 days (P60), midazolam for 30 days (M30), midazolam for 30 days and 30 days of saline (M30 + S30), and finally midazolam for 30 days and 30 days of midazolam and pilocarpine (M30 + MP30). Histological sections were subjected to the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick and labeling technique. The number of positive and negative cells was quantified, calculating the apoptotic index. ANOVA at 2 criteria and Tukey’s test were used. A greater apoptotic index was observed in the M30 (52.79 ± 9.01) and M30 + S30 (62.43 ± 8.52) groups when compared with the S30 (37.94 ± 5.94) and S60 (31.85 ± 9.18) groups, respectively (p < 0.05). There was no difference between M30 + MP30 (30.98 ± 6.19) and S60 (31.85 ± 9.18) groups regarding apoptotic index. Chronic administration of midazolam has been shown to increase the number of apoptotic cells in the parotid glands of rats. However, pilocarpine inhibited this effect, thus inhibiting the apoptosis.

Quercetin modulates granulosa cell mRNA androgen receptor gene expression in dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary in Wistar rats via metabolic and hormonal pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ◽  
Okoli Bamidele ◽  
Charles O. Adetunji ◽  
Bretet Priscilla ◽  
Adebayo Femi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Group I

AbstractBackgroundIt is estimated that about 5–10% of women suffer from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) which is a major cause of female reproductive dysfunction. This study examined the role of quercetin on dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCO in Wistar rats.MethodsTwenty-eight pre-pubertal female Wistar rats that are 21 days old weighing 16–21 g were sorted into four groups (n = 7). Group I served as control and was given distilled water only, Group II were injected with 6 mg/100 g BW of DHEA in 0.2 mL of corn oil subcutaneously, Group III received 100 mg/kg BW of quercetin orally and Group IV received 6 mg/100 g BW of DHEA in 0.2 mL of corn oil subcutaneously and 100 mg/kg BW of quercetin orally. Rats were sacrificed after 15 days by cervical dislocation method. Blood samples and ovaries were collected for hormonal, biochemical, and histopathological analysis and expressions of mRNA androgen receptor gene were determined using RT–qPCR. All data were analysed using one-way ANOVA.ResultsA significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the antioxidant and metabolic enzyme activity in the DHEA treated group was observed when compared with control. DHEA co-administration with quercetin showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde and cytokines when compared with DHEA treated group. Also a significant increase in progesterone, metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activity was observed. The histopathology demonstrates a reduction in cystic and atretic cells, improved expression of BCl2, E-Cadherin and a decrease in Bax.ConclusionsQuercetin alleviated DHEA-induced PCO. These effects could be attributed to its antioxidant property.

I. New insights into neuronal injury: a cautionary tale

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. G978-G983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Hall ◽  
John W. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neuronal Injury ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Signaling Activation

Understanding of the pathophysiology of neuronal injury has advanced remarkably in the last decade. This largely reflects the burgeoning application of molecular techniques to neuronal cell biology. Although there is certainly no consensus hypothesis that explains all aspects of neuronal injury, a number of interesting observations have been published. In this brief review, we examine mechanisms that appear to contribute to the pathophysiology of neuronal injury, including altered Ca2+ signaling, activation of the protease cascades coupled to apoptosis, and mitochondrial deenergization associated with release of cytochrome c, production of free radicals, and oxidative injury. Finally, evidence for neuroprotective mechanisms that may ameliorate cell injury and/or death are reviewed. Little information has been published regarding the mechanisms that mediate injury in the enteric nervous system, necessitating a focus on models outside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which may provide insights into enteric nervous system injury.

scholarly journals Liver morphology and morphometry and plasma biochemical parameters of Wistar rats that received leaf infusion of Rudgea viburnoides Benth. (Rubiaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Castro Monteiro ◽  
Sérgio Luis Pinto da Matta ◽  
Fabrícia de Souza Predes ◽  
Tânia Toledo de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Liver Morphology ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry

Rudgea viburnoides leaves are widely used in popular Brazilian medicine as a diuretic, antirheumatic, hypotensive and blood depurative tea. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of this infusion on the liver and on the plasma biochemical parameters of Wistar rats. Two groups received the R. viburnoides leaf infusion at a daily dose of 10 or 20g dry-leaves/L water, during 40 days. The histopathological analysis did not show degenerated areas or infiltration of leucocytes. Hepatic morphometry showed accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes of the treated groups. There was no significant change in the plasma levels of urea, creatinin, uric acid, direct bilirubin, cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, gamma glutamyl tranferase (gamma-GT), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), chlorine, phosphate and calcium. A significant reduction in the plasma levels of triacylglycerol (TAG) occurred in the group that received the higher dose.

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