scholarly journals Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1438-1441
Author(s):  
Rubens Moura Campos Zeron ◽  
Carlos Vicente Serrano Junior
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Cardiovascular Medicine ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Quality Of Patient Care ◽  
Potential Clinical Impact

SUMMARY Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that aims to mimic human thought processes. AI techniques have been applied in cardiovascular medicine to explore novel genotypes and phenotypes in existing diseases, improve the quality of patient care, enabling cost-effectiveness, and reducing readmission and mortality rates. The potential of AI in cardiovascular medicine is tremendous; however, ignorance of the challenges may overshadow its potential clinical impact. This paper gives a glimpse of AI’s application in cardiovascular clinical care and discusses its potential role in facilitating precision cardiovascular medicine.

A Six Sigma approach to the rate and clinical effect of registration errors in a laboratory

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naadira Vanker ◽  
Johan van Wyk ◽  
Annalise E Zemlin ◽  
Rajiv T Erasmus
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Registration Errors ◽  
Analytical Phase ◽  
Potential Clinical Impact ◽  
Six Sigma Approach

BackgroundLaboratory errors made during the pre-analytical phase can have an impact on clinical care. Quality management tools such as Six Sigma may help improve error rates.AimTo use elements of a Six Sigma model to establish the error rate of test registration onto the laboratory information system (LIS), and to deduce the potential clinical impact of these errors.MethodsIn this retrospective study, test request forms were compared with the tests registered onto the LIS, and all errors were noted before being rectified. The error rate was calculated. The corresponding patient records were then examined to determine the actual outcome, and to deduce the potential clinical impact of the registration errors.ResultsOf the 47 543 tests requested, 72 errors were noted, resulting in an error rate of 0.151%, equating to a sigma score of 4.46. The patient records reviewed indicated that these errors could, in various ways, have impacted on clinical care.ConclusionThis study highlights the clinical effect of errors made during the pre-analytical phase of the laboratory testing process. Reduction of errors may be achieved through implementation of a Six Sigma programme.

Art and mental health in the women's psychiatric intensive care unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Sophie Butler ◽  
Ronnie Adeduro ◽  
Rebecca Davies ◽  
Onyekachi Nwankwo ◽  
Niamh White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Charity Hospital ◽  
Quality Of Patient Care ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Visual Matrix ◽  
Valuable Role

It is widely acknowledged in hospitals that the quality of design and environment can influence the quality of patient care, the sense of therapeutic security and the experience of staff. This women's PICU collaborated with the charity Hospital Rooms to realise the valuable role of art within the clinical environment. Experienced artists were commissioned to work in genuine partnership with patients and staff to re-envision the physical environment with the installation of eight imaginative, inventive and PICU compliant art works.<br/> The implementation, and both patient and staff perspectives were evaluated. There was no disruption to clinical care and engagement and participation was enthusiastic. There were 35 patient encounters and 32 staff encounters, including creative workshops and an exhibition.<br/> Patient Experience Data Intelligence Centre (PEDIC) reports showed an improvement following artwork installation. Patients were more likely to recommend the ward, felt more involved in their care and that the ward was comfortable. The art transformed clinical spaces creating opportunity for patients to have exceptional experiences: 'being here feels like sitting in the park'.<br/> Staff evaluation through a 'visual matrix' method that explores shared experience, revealed that the art has introduced further possibility of 'respite and escape' for both patients and staff. There is a sense that 'you feel like it is leading you to somewhere, you feel like there is something more'. It has also engendered 'ownership and pride': it 'feels like pushing boundaries, things you thought could never be considered at all, are now being considered'.

scholarly journals Clinical impact and quality of randomized controlled trials involving interventions evaluating artificial intelligence prediction tools: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Zhi-hang Chen ◽  
Yi-heng Cao ◽  
Sui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Prediction Tools ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe evidence of the impact of traditional statistical (TS) and artificial intelligence (AI) tool interventions in clinical practice was limited. This study aimed to investigate the clinical impact and quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving interventions evaluating TS, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) prediction tools. A systematic review on PubMed was conducted to identify RCTs involving TS/ML/DL tool interventions in the past decade. A total of 65 RCTs from 26,082 records were included. A majority of them had model development studies and generally good performance was achieved. The function of TS and ML tools in the RCTs mainly included assistive treatment decisions, assistive diagnosis, and risk stratification, but DL trials were only conducted for assistive diagnosis. Nearly two-fifths of the trial interventions showed no clinical benefit compared to standard care. Though DL and ML interventions achieved higher rates of positive results than TS in the RCTs, in trials with low risk of bias (17/65) the advantage of DL to TS was reduced while the advantage of ML to TS disappeared. The current applications of DL were not yet fully spread performed in medicine. It is predictable that DL will integrate more complex clinical problems than ML and TS tools in the future. Therefore, rigorous studies are required before the clinical application of these tools.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Unexpected Alliance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Romiti ◽  
Mattia Vinciguerra ◽  
Wael Saade ◽  
Iñaki Anso Cortajarena ◽  
Ernesto Greco
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cardiovascular Medicine ◽  
Pervasive Healthcare ◽  
Chronic Disease Patients

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), despite the significant advances in the diagnosis and treatments, still represents the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In order to improve and optimize CVD outcomes, artificial intelligence techniques have the potential to radically change the way we practice cardiology, especially in imaging, offering us novel tools to interpret data and make clinical decisions. AI techniques such as machine learning and deep learning can also improve medical knowledge due to the increase of the volume and complexity of the data, unlocking clinically relevant information. Likewise, the use of emerging communication and information technologies is becoming pivotal to create a pervasive healthcare service through which elderly and chronic disease patients can receive medical care at their home, reducing hospitalizations and improving quality of life. The aim of this review is to describe the contemporary state of artificial intelligence and digital health applied to cardiovascular medicine as well as to provide physicians with their potential not only in cardiac imaging but most of all in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Contribution of CT-Scan Analysis by Artificial Intelligence to the Clinical Care of TBI Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Brossard ◽  
Benjamin Lemasson ◽  
Arnaud Attyé ◽  
Jules-Arnaud de Busschère ◽  
Jean-François Payen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Ct Scan Analysis ◽  
Automated Determination

The gold standard to diagnose intracerebral lesions after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is computed tomography (CT) scan, and due to its accessibility and improved quality of images, the global burden of CT scan for TBI patients is increasing. The recent developments of automated determination of traumatic brain lesions and medical-decision process using artificial intelligence (AI) represent opportunities to help clinicians in screening more patients, identifying the nature and volume of lesions and estimating the patient outcome. This short review will summarize what is ongoing with the use of AI and CT scan for patients with TBI.

The future of otology

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (09) ◽  
pp. 747-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Jackler ◽  
T A Jan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Renaissance Period ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Consumer Device ◽  
Potential Clinical Impact

AbstractBackgroundThe field of otology is increasingly at the forefront of innovation in science and medicine. The inner ear, one of the most challenging systems to study, has been rendered much more open to inquiry by recent developments in research methodology. Promising advances of potential clinical impact have occurred in recent years in biological fields such as auditory genetics, ototoxic chemoprevention and organ of Corti regeneration. The interface of the ear with digital technology to remediate hearing loss, or as a consumer device within an intelligent ecosystem of connected devices, is receiving enormous creative energy. Automation and artificial intelligence can enhance otological medical and surgical practice. Otology is poised to enter a new renaissance period, in which many previously untreatable ear diseases will yield to newly introduced therapies.ObjectiveThis paper speculates on the direction otology will take in the coming decades.ConclusionMaking predictions about the future of otology is a risky endeavour. If the predictions are found wanting, it will likely be because of unforeseen revolutionary methods.

scholarly journals “Plutchik”: artificial intelligence chatbot for searching NCBI databases

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Bohle
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Gene Structure ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
National Library

As genetic testing gains ground in medicine, the ability to search across the suite of biomedical and clinical care databases offered through the National Library of Medicine/National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)—such as PubMed, GENE, Structure, the Genetic Testing Registry, and others—holds the potential to enhance quality of clinical care best practices. “Plutchik” is a voice-enabled, embodied artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can perform highly technical medical searches in and across the NCBI suite of databases.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Gastroenterologist's Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Michael F. Vaezi
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Atypical Symptoms

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a commonly diagnosed condition often associated with the typical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation, although it may present with atypical symptoms such as chest pain, hoarseness, chronic cough, and asthma. In most cases, the patient's reduced quality of life drives clinical care and diagnostic testing. Because of its widespread impact on voice and swallowing function as well as its social implications, it is important that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) understand the nature of GERD and its consequences. The purpose of this article is to summarize the nature of GERD and GERD-related complications such as GERD-related peptic stricture, Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma, and laryngeal manifestations of GERD from a gastroenterologist's perspective. It is critical that SLPs who work with a multidisciplinary team understand terminology, diagnostic tools, and treatment to ensure best practice.

Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
Stefano Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

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