scholarly journals Common mental disorder among family carers of demented older people in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407
Author(s):  
Evelise Saia Rodolpho Duarte ◽  
Liciane Vaz de Arruda Silveira ◽  
Vanessa de Albuquerque Cítero ◽  
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective: Population aging is a global phenomenon associated with a rising prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases such as dementia. Dementia poses a challenge not only for patients but also their family caregivers who, in exercising this role, are at higher risk of mental illness. The present study investigated the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in family caregivers of demented elderly seen at a geriatric outpatient clinic of a Brazilian teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which the following assessment instruments were applied: the Self Reporting Questionnaire, Zarit Burden Interview, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination (caregivers aged ≥65 years) plus a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The sample comprised 90 caregivers; 83 (92.2%) women, 51 (56.7%) married, 60 (66.7%) son/daughter of elder and 62 (68.6%) holding another job besides caring for the demented elder. Caregivers had a mean age of 57.3 (±11.7) years and mean education of 9.5 (±4.9) years; 62.2% of caregivers were diagnosed with common mental disorder, 50% exhibited anxiety symptoms, 52.2% depression symptoms and 66.7% reported burden. Caregivers with common mental disorder had higher scores on the anxiety, depression and burden scales (p<0.01). Logistic regression showed that caregivers with anxiety symptoms were 15 times more likely to present common mental disorder (OR: 15.0; 95% CI: 3.5-71.2) and caregivers with symptoms of depression were 8 times more likely to have CMD (OR: 8.0; 95% CI: 2.1-31.1). Conclusion: Results revealed a high prevalence of common mental disorder in the population studied.

scholarly journals Nearly three in every five prisoners experience common mental disorders (CMDs) in Jimma correctional institution; south-West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasihun Adraro ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Workinesh Tesema ◽  
Fira Abamecha ◽  
Hailemariam Hailesilassie
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Background Millions of people are currently suffering from some form of mental disorders. The prevalence of common disorders is twofold higher in prison than general population and the condition is found to be worst in African in general and Ethiopia in particular. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and its correlates among prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution; Ethiopia. Methods A cross sectional quantitative study was conducted enrolling 300 prisoners. The participants were recruited using systematic random sampling technique. The World health organization Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) scale; was adapted to assess prevalence of mental disorders. Data were collected on interviewer administered basis by trained personnel. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 for widows was used for data analysis. Multivariate logistic regression modelling was conducted to identify the independent predictors of common mental disorders. P-value less than 5% was considered to indicate significant associations. Results The prevalence of common mental disorder was found to be 62.70, 95% CI; [57.30, 68.50]. Prisoners who had monthly income of 1500-3000birr, AOR = 3.30, 95% CI; [1.25, 8.69] and above 3000birr; AOR = 4.75, 95% CI; [1.57, 14.33], family history of mental illness; AOR = 6.14, 95% CI; [1.65, 22.79] and who ever used Khat; AOR = 4.33, 95% CI; [2.02, 9.27] were more likely to experience common mental disorders. Conversely; having some sort of work in prison; AOR = 0.25, 95% CI; [0.12, 0.54], perceived moderate social support; AOR = 0.094, 95% CI; [0.04–0.215] and perceived moderate strong; AOR = 0.025, 95% CI; [0.009, 0.07] were found to be protective factors. Conclusion Prevalence of common mental disorder was considerably high as nearly more than three in every five prisoner experience some form of the disorder. Early screening of prisoners up on their arrival, appropriate treatment and follow up should be done. Furthermore; creating prison based jobs that could bring prisoners together and encouraging positive relationships to build social supports as coping strategy is required.

scholarly journals Social support and common mental disorder among medical students

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Gonçalves Silva ◽  
Ana Teresa de Abreu Ramos Cerqueira ◽  
Maria Cristina Pereira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

INTRODUCTION: Different kinds of psychological distress have been identified for students in the health field, especially in the medical school. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of mental suffering among medical students in the Southeastern Brazil and asses its association with social support. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study. Structured questionnaires were applied for students from the 1st up to the 6th years of the medical school of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", assessing demographic variables related to aspects of graduation and adaptation to the city. Psychological suffering was defined as a common mental disorder (CMD) assessed by the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Social support was assessed by the social support scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). The association between the outcome and explanatory variables was assessed by the χ2 test and Logistic Regression, for the multivariate analyses, using p < 0.05. RESULTS: The response rate was of 80.7%, with no differences between sample and the population regarding gender (p = 0.78). The average age was 22 years old (standard deviation - SD = 2.2), mainly women (58.2%) and students who were living with friends (62%). The prevalence of CMD was 44.9% (95%CI 40.2 - 49.6). After the multivariate analyses, the explanatory variables that were associated with CMD were: feeling rejected in the past year (p < 0.001), thinking about leaving medical school (p < 0.001) and "interaction" in the MOS scale (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CMD among medical students was high and insufficient social support was an important risk factor. Our findings suggest that interventions to improve social interaction among those students could be beneficial, decreasing the prevalence of CMD in this group.

scholarly journals Common mental disorders among medical students at Universidade Federal de Sergipe: a cross-sectional study

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edméa Fontes de Oliva Costa ◽  
Tarcísio Matos de Andrade ◽  
Annibal Muniz Silvany Neto ◽  
Enaldo Vieira de Melo ◽  
Ana Carolina Aquino Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Doctor ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of common mental disorder and its associated factors among medical students of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out, applying Self Reporting Questionnaire-20 to 473 students from the 512 medical students enrolled in 2006 and compared with compared with a structured questionnaire by the authors containing information on the socio-demographic characteristics, the teaching-learning process and the psycho-emotional experiences of the students. Freshmen were excluded after initial comparison with the students already exposed to the medical course. Statistical analysis by multiple logistic regression after calculating simple and adjusted odds ratio (OR). RESULTS:The general prevalence of common mental disorder was 40% (n = 473); after exclusion of the freshmen it increased to 42.5% among students from the 2nd to the 12th semester. It was higher among those who did not have faith in their acquisition of the skills needed to become a good doctor (OR = 2.82), who felt less comfortable about course activities (OR = 3.75), who considered themselves emotionally stressed (OR = 2.14), among those who did not consider themselves happy (OR = 2.85), who believed that the course did not match their expectations (OR = 1.64) and those who had a prior diagnosis of mental disorder by a psychiatrist (OR = 3.78). CONCLUSION: The results suggest the necessity of changes to the teaching-learning process and the establishment of a preventive mental health program for medical students.

Prevalence and determinants of Common Mental Disorder among pregnant women In Debre Berhan town: Highland in Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew ◽  
Gashaw Andargie Biks ◽  
Abate Dargie Wubetu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction: The high prevalence of antenatal mental disorders in Sub-Saharan African countries is poorly understood. Pregnancy and childbirth are gaining recognition as significant risk factors for the development and exacerbation of mental health problems. In low- and lower-middle income countries about one in six pregnant women are experiencing antenatal common mental disorders (CMD). Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders (CMD) among pregnant women in Debre Berhan town, North Showa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was employed among 569 participants. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews with Amharic version of Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) from seven selected kebeles. Kebeles were selected by simple random sampling and individuals were selected using cluster sampling. Crude and adjusted OR was analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis and the level of significance for association was determined with 95% CI and at P- value < 0.05. Result: A total 557 study participants were completed the interview and the prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder was found to be 45.2%. Loss of loved one (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.19–3.27), history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 6.57; 95% CI: 2.17–19.94), unwanted pregnancy (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.15–3.95), nulliparity (AOR = 8.71; 95% CI: 1.58–47.94), one or less ANC consultations (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08–0.64), two-three ANC consultations (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11–0.83) and current obstetric complications (AOR = 4.45; 95% CI: 2.21–8.99) were important factors significantly associated with antenatal common mental disorder. Conclusion: The prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder (CMD) was high in this study that shows antenatal CMD is significant public health issue that requires a great emphasis. So, early screening and intervention for antenatal CMD should be integrated in primary health care and antenatal care service settings.

Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and its influences on infant development and behaviour

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S363-S364
Author(s):  
N. Shakel ◽  
N. Shakel
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionDepression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide. Women are more at risk of depression while they are pregnant, and during the first weeks and months of postpartum period. Perinatal depression, might influence the children‘s development during pregnancy as well as it can have negative affect and delay in child postnatal development.Materials and methodsPregnant women undergoing antenatal care in Latvia, Riga were interviewed using PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales, the obtained data from the scale's results were analyzed and summarized in an analystic cross-sectional study. Literature overview.ResultsThere is a high correlation between the depressive episodes before pregnancy, during pregnancy and postpartum depression, as well as it have negative effects and delay in child postnatal development. Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 screening scales, was set up an inquiry among 200 pregnant women in Riga, Latvia. Depressive symptoms have 45% of pregnant women. 36% of pregnant women have mild depression symptoms, 3% moderate symptoms, 5% moderate serve symptoms and 1% serve depression symptoms. In its turn anxiety disorder screening results are following: 35% of pregnant women have mild anxiety symptoms, 9% moderate anxiety symptoms; 3% serve anxiety symptoms. Anxiety disorder symptoms note 47% of pregnant women. 36% of respondents note both depression symptoms and anxiety disorder symptoms.ConclusionHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales are informative, quick and easy for patients to complete. Children development and behavior has association with maternal depressive state during pregnancy. There is high prevalence of depression symptoms among preganant women in Latvia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Common mental disorders and its determinants among epileptic patients at an outpatient epileptic clinic in Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Bahirdar, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengesha Birkie Wubie ◽  
Mogesie Necho Alebachew ◽  
Asmare Belete Yigzaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epileptic Patients

Abstract Background Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that is highly predisposed to a variety of mental health problems due to its huge biological, social and psychological burdens. Despite this, there is a paucity of research in this area. Therefore, assessing common mental disorders and its determinants among epileptic patients would be of great importance. Objective This study was aimed to asses prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among people with epilepsy attending Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Bahirdar, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institutional based analytic cross-sectional study design was utilized from January to February 2019 at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital among 422 epileptic patients who were diagnosed clinically and on follow up treatment. Systematic random sampling was applied to recruit participants. Interviewer based and pretested Self Reporting Questionnaire‐20 was used to screen common mental illness with a cut-off point 7 and above as having a common mental disorder. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis with 95% CI were computed and variables with p < 0.05 in the final model were considered as associated factors for common mental disorders. Result Four hundred twenty-two patients with epilepsy were included in our study with a response rate of 100% and 64.5% were males. The mean age of participants was 59 ± 13.37 years. Common mental disorder among epileptic patients was found to be 35.8%. There was a statistically significant association between marital status, comorbid medical illness, nicotine dependence, alcohol misuse, and medication non-adherence with common mental disorders at p < 0.05. Conclusion The prevalence of common mental distress was high (35.8%) suggesting that it is a public health issue. Marital status, comorbid medical illness, nicotine dependence, alcohol misuse, and medication non-adherence were the factors having an association with a common mental disorder. Therefore, early screening and recognition of mental distress symptoms should be a routine activity while managing epileptic patients.

scholarly journals COMMON MENTAL DISORDER AMONG ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselma Lucchese ◽  
◽  
Paloma Cinthia Duarte Silva ◽  
Tainara Catozzi Denardi ◽  
Rodrigo Lopes de Felipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence of the probability of common mental disorders among abusers of alcohol and other drugs. Method: a cross-sectional study. The sample was made up of 234 individuals undergoing treatment and rehabilitation for chemical dependence in private clinics and in a Psychosocial Care Center in the Southeast area of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Instruments on sociodemographic profile, use of licit and/or illicit drugs, and a questionnaire that tracks common mental suffering were applied. Results: the outcome variable was the probability of common mental disorder, with 37.2% of the total of the sample. Association between the probability of common mental disorders and the female gender (odds ratio=4.06; 95% CI 1.56-10.56), age ≤25 years old (odds ratio=3.00; 95% CCI 1.41-6.38), and use of marijuana in life (odds ratio=2.83; 95% CI 1.38-5.78) were found. Conclusion: the study showed an association between the use and abuse of drugs and risk for common mental disorders.

scholarly journals Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers of persons with dementia: a cross-sectional comparative study between Sweden and Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseba Wulff ◽  
Agneta Malmgren Fänge ◽  
Connie Lethin ◽  
Carlos Chiatti
Keyword(s):  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
People With Dementia

Abstract Background Around 50 million people worldwide are diagnosed with dementia and this number is due to triple by 2050. The majority of persons with dementia receive care and support from their family, friends or neighbours, who are generally known as informal caregivers. These might experience symptoms of depression and anxiety as a consequence of caregiving activities. Due to the different welfare system across European countries, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with self-reported depression and anxiety among informal dementia caregivers both in Sweden and Italy, to ultimately improve their health and well-being. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study used baseline data from the Italian UP-TECH (n = 317) and the Swedish TECH@HOME (n = 89) studies. Main outcome variables were the severity of self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). HADS scores were investigated using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare means and standard deviations. Linear regressions were used to test for associations between potential factors and self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results Italian informal caregivers reported more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than Swedish caregivers. In Italy, a higher number of hours of caregiving was associated with anxiety symptoms (β = − 1.205; p = 0.029), being 40–54 years-old with depression symptoms (β = − 1.739; p = 0.003), and being female with symptoms of both depression (β = − 1.793; p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = 1.474; p = 0.005). In Sweden, a higher number of hours of caregiving and being < 39 years-old were associated with depression symptoms (β = 0.286; p < 0.000; β = 3.945; p = 0.014) and a higher number of hours of caregiving, the lack of additional informal caregivers and dementia severity were associated with anxiety symptoms (β = 0.164; p = 0.010; β = − 1.133; p = 0.033; β = − 1.181; p = 0.031). Conclusion Multiple factors are associated with self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers in Sweden and Italy. Factors found in this study partly differ between the two countries, suggesting the important role of cultural and social factors affecting the experience of caregiving. A deeper knowledge of these factors may increase the knowledge on potential protective and risk factors, provide information to policymakers and ultimately improve the psychological well-being of informal caregivers to people with dementia across Europe.

scholarly journals Determinants of increased frequency of depressive and anxiety symptoms in exercise professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Natan Feter ◽  
Eduardo L. Caputo ◽  
Igor R. Doring ◽  
Marcelo C. da Silva ◽  
Felipe F. Reichert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected workers in different health services including exercise professionals (EP). The urgent need to adapt in-person to online activities might have led to increased frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify the determinants of aggravated depressive and anxiety symptoms in EP in southern Brazil during social distancing from the COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with EP who worked at fitness centers, sports clubs, private schools, or at a public exercise program offered by the municipal council. We used an online-based, self-administered, adapted version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale to compare symptoms of depression and anxiety pre- and during social distancing. RESULTS: Participants (n = 201) had a mean age of 32.7±8.0 years, with more than half being male, white, and having an university degree. We observed that 81%and 71%of respondents reported higher frequency in anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively, during social distancing than in the period before it. Physical education teachers, women, non-white professionals, and those with chronic disease were more likely to worsen anxiety symptoms. Women had higher odds to increased frequency in depressive symptoms. Physical activity and previous experience with internet-based tools for working activities reduced the risk of increased depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Sex, ethnicity, chronic diseases, educational level, physical activity, and experience with online tools were determinants for increased frequency of depression and anxiety symptoms in EP.

scholarly journals Association between common mental disorders and quality of life in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison Vitório de Souza Júnior ◽  
Diego Pires Cruz ◽  
Lais Reis Siqueira ◽  
Randson Souza Rosa ◽  
Cristiane dos Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between common mental disorder and quality of life in older adults. Method: cross-sectional study developed with a total of 721 Brazilian older adults between July and October 2020. Participants completed three instruments to assess bio sociodemographic, mental health and quality of life data. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Chi-square, Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression tests, considering a 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05) for all analyses. Results: among the four components that assess common mental disorder, only three remained associated with negative coefficients with the participants’ general quality of life: depressive-anxious mood (β = −2.050; [CI95% = −2.962 – −1.137]; p < 0.001); decrease in vital energy (β = −1.460; [CI95% = −2.197 – −0.723]; p < 0.001) and depressive thoughts (β = −4.124; [CI95% = −5.211– −3.038]; p < 0.001). Conclusion: most components that assess common mental disorders are negatively associated with quality of life, that is, the increase in these disorders resulted in a reduction in the quality of life of older adults.

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