scholarly journals Relationship between cognitive processing, language and verbal fluency among elderly individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Helen Capeleto Francisco ◽  
Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Ariene Angelini dos Santos-Orlandi ◽  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Processing Language

ABSTRACT Some cognitive dimensions, such as attention, memory and executive functions, may decline with age, while other functions remain intact or even improve due to greater life experience. Objective: to analyze the relationship between cognitive processing, language and verbal fluency among elderly individuals seen by primary healthcare services located in a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative method was conducted. A total of 149 elderly individuals were assessed through previously scheduled interviews. Data collection included a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised (ACE-R). Cognitive processing (P300) was assessed using a device that captures potentials elicited in auditory tasks. Descriptive analysis and Spearman's correlation were performed with the level of significance established at 5%. Results: a negative correlation was found between language and P300 latency, while a positive correlation was found between verbal fluency and P300 amplitude. Comprehension and naming tasks showed a negative correlation with latency. The repetition task revealed a positive correlation with P300 amplitude. Conclusion: although more extensive testing is needed, these findings suggest that language correlates with P300 latency, whereas verbal fluency correlates with P300 amplitude.

scholarly journals Correlation of refractive error with axial length and corneal topography

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Surabhi Ruia ◽  
Poonam Kishore ◽  
Vinita Singh ◽  
Nitin Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Topography ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Purpose: To collect and analyze normative data about corneal topography and axial length in various refractive errors in Indian population.Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Materials and Method: Three hundred eyes (150 patients) of age group 12-35 yrs were arranged in 5 groups according to refractive status; Group 1 (n=44): myopia of SphericalEquivalent (SE) > 6 D; Group 2 (n=67): myopia of SE >0.5 D to 6 D; Group 3 (n=88): nearly emmetropic of SE -0.5 D to +0.5 D; Group 4 (n=59): hypermetropia of SE >0.5 to 6 D; Group 5 (n=42): hypermetropia of SE > 6 D. Axial length(AL), central radius of curvature of cornea (CR), central power of cornea (CK) , Al/CR ratio for each group were documented . Correlation with SE and among each other was studied. Results: Mean AL (in mm) of myopic patients (n=111) was 24.23 ± 1.34, emmetropic (n=88) 22.62 ± 0.94 and hypermetropics (n=101) 20.73 ±0.94. Mean CR (in mm) of myopic patients was 7.55 ± 0.35, emmetropics was 7.70 ±0.32, and hypermetropes was 7.99 ±0.35. Mean CK (in D) of myopics was 44.86±2.59, emmetropes was 43.91±1.76, and hypermetropes was 42.32±1.89. Mean AL/CR ratio of myopics was 3.22 ± 0.29, emmetropics 2.94± 0.07, and hypermetropics 2.60 ± 0.19. AL was negatively correlated with SE(r=-0.91, p<0.0001) and positively with AL/CR(r=0.88, p<0.0001) and CK (r=0.36, p<0.0001). CR was negatively correlated with AL/CR (r=-0.74, p<0.0001) while positively correlated with SE (r=0.62, p<0.0001). CK showed positive correlation with AL/CR (r=0.75, p<0.0001) while negative correlation with SE (r=-0.61, p<0.0001). AL/CR was negatively correlated withSE(r=-0.95, p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed a negative correlation between axial length and refractive error and between AL/CR ratio and refractive error with stronger inverse relationship in hypermetropes than myopes. There was a positive correlation of CR with SE with a weaker direct relationship in myopes than hypermetropes. 

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN NILAI P300 DENGAN MOCA-INA PADA PASIEN DENGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF VASKULAR PASCASTROKE ISKEMIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susilo Susilo ◽  
Yudy Goysal ◽  
Abdul Muis ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Andi Kurnia Bintang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

      ASSOCIATION OF P300 VALUE WITH MOCA-INA IN VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT POST-ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke is a major threat in human life because it can cause disability and mortality. Cognitive impairment in early stroke is strong predictor for long term vascular cognitive impairment while neuropsychology method is superior than conventional method to diagnose cognitive impairment, especially P300.Aim: To identify the association between P300 values and MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Methods: It is a cross sectional design study for ischemic stroke patients who suffered from vascular cognitive impairment during April to June 2018 in Neurology Clinic of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The statistical analysis was performed by Pearson’s correlation test.Result: There were 20 samples, male (60%) and female (40%). The average MoCA-Ina score was 19.35±6.06; the average P300 latency in Fz, Cz, and Pz were 370.22±49.01ms, 360.78±38.27ms, and 361.02±44.45ms, respectively; the average P300 in Fz, Cz, and Pz amplitude were 6.09±3.10µV, 5.67±3.49µV, and 6.10±2.77µV, respectively. The Pearson’s showed that P300 latency had significantly correlation  with MoCA-Ina score while no correlation between the P300 amplitude and MoCA-Ina.Discussion: There was correlation between P300 latency with MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Keywords: Ischemic stroke, MoCA-Ina, P300 value, vascular cognitive impairment.ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stroke merupakan suatu ancaman terbesar di kehidupan manusia karena dapat menimbulkan kecacatan dan kematian. Gangguan kognitif pada awal stroke merupakan prediktor kuat untuk gangguan kognitif vaskular jangka panjang dan metode neuropsikologi lebih unggul daripada metode konvensional untuk mendiagnosis gangguan kognitif, terutama P300.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Metode: Desain studi potong lintang terhadap pasien stroke iskemik yang mengalami gangguan kognitif vaskular selama bulan April sampai Juni 2018 di Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar. Data diolah menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson’s.Hasil: Didapatkan 20 orang sampel laki-laki (60%) dan perempuan (40%). Nilai MoCA-Ina rata-rata 19,35±6,06; hasil rata-rata latensi gelombang P300 di Fz, Cz, dan Pz   masing-masing adalah 370,22±49,01, 360,78±38,27, dan 361,02±44,45; rata-rata tinggi amplitudo P300 di Fz masing-masing adalah 6,09±3,10, 5,67±3,49, dan 6,10±2,77. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson’s menunjukkan latensi P300 berkorelasi signifikan terhadap MoCA-Ina, sedangkan amplitudo P300 tidak.Pembahasan: Ada hubungan antara latensi gelombang P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Kata kunci: Gangguan kognitif vaskular, MoCA-Ina, nilai P300, stroke iskemik  

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF MOBILITY TREND AND SITUATION OF COVID-19 BY COUNTRY, TERRITORY, AND AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Adrina Esther Liaw ◽  
Jihan Natra Shafira ◽  
Muhammad Aziz ◽  
Iche Andriyani Liberty
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Each country around the world has taken several approaches in order to stop the spreading of the virus. This study was conducted to correlate the mobility trend and the situation of COVID-19 by country, territory, and area. This research paper adopts an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach for 115 countries from February 17th to August 27th, 2020. Tajikistan (r=0,956) and Italy (r=0,931) has the highest positive correlation for retail and recreations. For grocery,the highest degree of positive correlation is Mongolia (r=0,945) and Tajikistan (r=0,933). Bostwana and Italy showed highest significant positive correlation among countries (r=0,985 and r=0,902, respectively) for transit stations and residential  (r=0,994 and r=0,984). Bostwana also has the highest significant positive correlation for the park (r=0.980). Meanwhile, for the workplace, Mauritius (r=0,863) and Dominica (r=0,785) are countries with the highest degree of positive correlation with a cumulative case of COVID-19. Society's behavior plays an important role by following the government policy in order to slow down the spread of the virus. Retail and recreations, groceries and pharmacy stores, transit stations, parks, and workplaces found to have a significant positive correlation while residential have a significant negative correlation with cumulative cases of COVID-19 in most countries.  

The Relationship between Resilience and Mental Health: the Mediating Effect of Positive Emotions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Zhun Gong ◽  
Lichao Yu ◽  
Jonathan W Schooler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="tgt"><em>To investigate the relationship of resilience, positive emotions and mental health, and the relationship of resilience, positive emotion and three sub-dimensions of mental health: self-affirmation, depression and anxiety. In this study, the existing cross-sectional data, select the Beijing Forestry University data as samples. In this study, questionnaire survey a random sample of 199 undergraduate students of Beijing Forestry University, they uniform application three Scale Surveying, PANAS, CD-RISC, GHQ-20. According from the study, (1) resilience, positive mood and general health are related where resilience and positive emotions between the resilience. General psychological health, positive emotions and general mental health</em><em>?</em><em>it is positively correlated. (2) Resilience and self-affirmation exists, positive correlation with depression and anxiety, respectively negative correlation. Between positive emotions and self-affirmation the positive correlation with anxiety negative correlation. (3) Part mediating effect of positive emotions exist between resilience and self-affirmation, resilience can be made to self-affirmation prediction coefficient from 0.042 down to 0.036. Therefore, this study concluded that resilience undergraduates can have an impact on mental health through the intermediary variable positive emotions.</em></p>

scholarly journals Barriers to Medication Adherence among Hypertensive Patients in Deprived Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Aliafsari Mamaghani ◽  
Edris Hasanpoor ◽  
Esmaiel Maghsoodi ◽  
Farzaneh Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Adherence ◽  
Medication Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Adherence To Medication

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to medication regimen leads to poor health outcomes, increased medical costs and increased death rate due to hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate baseline barriers to medication adherence among hypertensive patients in deprived rural areas.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 238 hypertensive patients living in deprived rural areas of Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of demographic information, Morisky medication adherence scale and the barriers to medication adherence that were reliable and valid.RESULTS: The results of the study showed that medication adherence was significantly decreased and had a significant positive correlation with gender and economic status, while it had a negative correlation with age. Medication Adherence had a positive correlation with the duration of hypertension, while it had a negative correlation with the number of medications used and concurrently with other diseases.CONCLUSIONS: Based on the present study it can be concluded that enhanced knowledge about illness and treatment in rural communities is improves the medical adherence. Financial supports along with the reduced number of prescribed drugs are also found to be the determining factors in the medical adherence. 

Effects of a 20-Min Nap Post Normal and Jet Lag Conditions on P300 Components in Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (07) ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Petit ◽  
Hubert Bourdin ◽  
Grégory Tio ◽  
Omer Yenil ◽  
Emmanuel Haffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Stimulus Classification

AbstractPost-lunch sleepiness belongs to biological rhythms. Athletes take a nap to counteract afternoon circadian nadir, in prevision of disturbed sleep. This study examined the effects of brief post-lunch nap on vigilance in young and healthy athletes. The P300 components, physiological and cognitive performances were assessed either after nap or rest, following a night of normal sleep (NSC) or simulated jet lag condition (5-h advance-JLC). P300 wave is the positive deflection at about 300 ms in response to a rare stimulus, representing higher information processing. P300 amplitude reflects the amount of attention allocated whereas P300 latency reflects time spent on stimulus classification. P300 amplitude was significantly increased (Fz:11.14±3.0vs9.05±3.2 µV; p<0.05) and P300 latency was shorter (Pz:327.16±18.0vs344.90±17.0 ms; p<0.01) after nap in NSC. These changes were accompanied by lower subjective sleepiness (19.7±9.6vs27.5±16.5; p<0.05) and decrease in mean reaction times (MRT: divided attention, 645.1±74.2vs698±80.4 ms; p<0.05). In contrast, in JLC, only P300 amplitudes (Fz:10.30±3.1vs7.54±3.3 µV; p<0.01 and Cz: 11.48±3.1vs9.77±3.6 µV; p<0.05) increased but P300 latencies or MRT did not improve. These results indicated improvements in speed of stimulus evaluation time. Napping positively impacts on cognitive processing, especially when subjects are on normal sleep schedules. A nap should be planned for athletes whose performance requires speedy and accurate decisions.

scholarly journals Is cognitive processing affected in adults with hypospadias?: P300 study

Open Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Tekeli ◽  
Hasan Koçoğlu ◽  
Cabir Alan ◽  
Mustafa Emir Tavşanlı ◽  
Halit Yaşar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Urogenital System ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractBackground: Hypospadias is a common urogenital system disorder. The frenulum, which is the most sensitive area of the glans penis, is not present in patients with hypospadias. This may lead to a failure in sexual and ejaculatory function, and cause emotional problems affecting cognitive processes.Aim: We aimed to study auditory Event Related Potentials (ERP) in patients with hypospadias to understand the status of cognitive function.Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with hypospadias who presented to the Urology Outpatient Clinic of Çanakkale Military Hospital, and 11 healthy individuals of similar age were chosen. The auditory oddball paradigm with ERP from the Cz and Fz head regions were studied. The latency and amplitude of the P300 wave were measured.Results: Both, the study and control groups consisted of young males. Although the study group had a longer P300 latency and lower P300 amplitude when compared to control group, the results were not statistically significant (p: 0.059 and 0.346 respectively).Conclusion: Although the results are not statistically significant, our findings indicate that there may be cognitive changes in patients with hypospadias. Further studies of larger sample size and older patient cohorts are needed.

Effects of Stimulus Level on Cortical Auditory Event-Related Potentials Evoked by Speech

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C. Garinis ◽  
Barbara K. Cone-Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Level ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Auditory Event ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Event Related Potentials

The effect of stimulus level on cortical auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by consonant-vowel (CV) contrasts, /ta/, /da/, and /sa/, was investigated. The lowest level at which CVs were discriminated with >95% accuracy was determined for 15 normally hearing adults. ERPs were obtained at 0, 20, and 40 dB SL above this level during active listening. ERP latencies decreased as level increased. P300 amplitude did not vary with CV level or type; however, obligatory ERPs decreased in amplitude as level increased. The effect of level on P300 latency is likely related to the cognitive processing speed needed to perform speech discrimination. Obligatory ERP amplitude results suggest that attention demands vary with level during discrimination of speech features. Se investigó el efecto del nivel del estímulo en potenciales auditivos corticales relacionados con el evento (ERP) evocados por contrastes consonante-vocal (CV), /ta/, /da/ y /sa/. Se determinó en 15 adultos normoyentes el nivel menor al que se discriminaron los CV con > 95% de exactitud. Los ERP fueron obtenidos a 0, 20 y 40 dB SL por encima de este nivel durante audición activa. Las latencias de los ERP disminuyeron conforme los niveles aumentaron. La amplitud de la P300 no varió con el nivel o el tipo de los CV; sin embargo, las amplitudes siempre bajaron conforme subió el nivel. El efecto del nivel sobre las P300 parece estar relacionado con la velocidad de procesamiento cognitivo necesaria para realizar discriminación del lenguaje. Los resultados obligatorios de la amplitud de los ERP sugieren que las demandas de atención varían durante la discriminación de rasgos del lenguaje.

scholarly journals Clinical features in adult multiple sclerosis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Matej Koprivnik ◽  
Tanja Hojs Fabjan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Serial Addition ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Eq Vas

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to identify possible correlations between the quality of life, neurological disability, and functional ability in patients with multiple sclerosis.Methods: 258 patients with multiple sclerosis were included in the cross-sectional study. They were assessed with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25-FW), the 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT-3) and the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Inferential statistics were used.Results: A positive correlation between the EQ-VAS and the BBS (r = 0.43, p < 0.01 ) and the PASAT-3 (r =¸0.19, p < 0.01), and a negative correlation between the EQ-VAS and the T25FW (r = –0.42, p < 0.01) and the 9-HPT (r = –0.40, p < 0.01) were shown. A negative correlation was also observed between the EDSS and the BBS (r = –0.77, p < 0.05) as well as the EDSS and the PASAT-3 (r = –0.25, p < 0.01), and a positive correlation between the EDSS and the 9 HPT (r = 0.67, p < 0.01) and the T25-FW (r = 0.80, p < 0.01).Discussion and conclusion: Associations between the variables indicate the need for complex, personalized and rational monitoring of patients with multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Salivary pH and Taste Sensitivity among Geriatric and Non-Geriatric Patients in a Tertiary Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Miguel Crisostomo ◽  
Celso Ureta
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the association of salivary pH and taste sensitivity among geriatric and non-geriatric patients in an otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery out-patient clinic. Methods: Design:           Cross-Sectional Study Setting:           Tertiary Government Training Hospital Participants: 40 otorhinolaryngology out-patients   Results: Of the 40 patients aged 24 to 92-years-old (mean age 59.8 years), 21 were geriatric and 19 were non-geriatric. The mean salivary pH was 6.66 (range 5 to 8) and 6.63 (range 5 to 7) for geriatric and non-geriatric groups; the difference in mean salivary pH was not statistically significant (p = .87). The salivary pH in the geriatric group showed a negative correlation with age (r=0.06), while the salivary pH in the non-geriatric group had a positive correlation with age (r=0.14). Overall, increases in age among the non-geriatric group were correlated with increase in salivary pH which were not observed in the geriatric patients. In the geriatric group, among the 4 tastants, the strongest correlation between taste sensitivity and salivary pH was observed for quinine followed by sucrose and NaCl, but no correlation for citric acid. In the non-geriatric group, the strongest correlation between taste sensitivity and salivary pH was observed for NaCl, followed by quinine, citric acid and sucrose. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the mean salivary pH of geriatric and non-geriatric patients, and both means were within normal. There was a negative correlation between age and salivary pH in the geriatric group, and a positive correlation in the non-geriatric group.  Salivary pH had the strongest correlation with taste sensitivity for quinine and NaCl among geriatric and non-geriatric participants, respectively, but the reasons for, and significance of this cannot be inferred from the present study. Keywords: salivary pH; taste sensitivity; gustatory function; geriatric 

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