scholarly journals Cognition and epilepsy: Cognitive screening test

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
Glória Maria Almeida Souza Tedrus ◽  
Maria Lina Giacomino Almeida Passos ◽  
Letícia Muniz Vargas ◽  
Larissa Estela Ferreira Jacó Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Neurocognitive Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Data

ABSTRACT. Cognitive deficits often occur in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, in Brazil, PWE might not undergo neurocognitive evaluation due to the low number of validated tests available and lack of multidisciplinary teams in general epilepsy outpatient clinics. Objective: To correlate Brief Cognitive Battery-Edu (BCB-Edu) scores with epilepsy characteristics of 371 PWE. Methods: Clinical and cognitive assessment (MMSE, BCB-Edu) of 371 PWE aged >18 years was performed. The clinical aspects of epilepsy were correlated with BCB-Edu data. Cognitive data of PWE were compared against those of 95 healthy individuals (NC), with p-<0.05. Results: People with epilepsy had lower cognitive performance than individuals in the NC group. Cognitive aspects also differed according to epilepsy characteristics. Predictive factors for impairment in multiple cognitive domains were age and use of more than one antiepileptic drug (logistic regression; R2 Nagelkerke=0.135). Conclusion: Worse cognitive performance was found in PWE on different domains. There was a relationship between cognitive impairment and the aspects of epilepsy. BCB-Edu proved to be effective as a cognitive assessment screening test for epilepsy in adults.

scholarly journals M67. UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA THROUGH THE LENS OF SCHIZOTYPY

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S160-S161
Author(s):  
Sara-Ann Lee ◽  
Keane Lim ◽  
Max Lam ◽  
Jimmy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Deficits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domain Scores

Abstract Background Social cognitive deficits are common, detectable across a wide range of tasks and appear to play a key role in influencing poor functioning in schizophrenia. Despite its importance as a treatment target, the factors that underlie social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia remains elusive. Schizotypy appears to be one such factor that can explain the variability in social cognitive deficits seen in schizophrenia. The study’s primary aim was to provide a more comprehensive understanding of social cognitive functioning and its relationship to schizotypy. Methods 108 patients and 70 healthy controls completed nine tasks across 4 social cognitive domains based on the SCOPE study. In addition, all participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Clinical symptoms were also rated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Results Theory of Mind, social perception, emotion processing and attribution bias were measured in patients with schizophrenia (n = 108) and healthy controls (n = 70). A social cognition composite score was calculated using principal components analysis. Cluster analysis on the derived factor scores revealed 3 clusters. Multiple univariate ANOVAS with Bonferroni correction were used to examine differences between the 3 clusters on each of the 4 social cognition domain scores, which indicated that higher social cognitive performance was related to lower schizotypy. In addition, results indicated that despite differences in the social cognitive performance among patients in the 3 clusters, they did not differ in clinical outcome measures. Discussion The primary aim of the study was to address gaps in the current literature by examining the relationship between social cognition and schizotypy. This study built upon past studies which had the tendency to focus on single, discrete domains by comparing the social cognitive performance of patients and controls using an extensive battery of tests, indexing four social cognitive domains. The significant differences on total SPQ score and the SPQ domain scores between the various clusters, coupled with the significant correlations between schizotypy and social cognition, reinforces the utility of schizotypy in refining our understanding of the variation in the degree of social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. In conclusion, this study substantiates the importance of understanding the relationship between social cognition and schizotypy. This could support and pave the way for the development and implementation of targeted social cognitive interventions catered to the patients’ level of deficit.

scholarly journals A-018 Informant and Participant-Report of Functioning Predicts Performance on Objective Cognitive Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-808
Author(s):  
Stanley A ◽  
Mohebpour I ◽  
Auman B ◽  
Christine B ◽  
Virden T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Screening Service ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Community Screening

Abstract Objective Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Alzheimer’s Disease 8 questionnaire (AD8) are widely used measures for clinical screening of dementia related disorders. Previous research on MoCA and AD8 has been solely focused on participant-report AD8 measures without consideration of informant reports. We hypothesize informant reported AD8 and participant MoCA scores will be inversely related, participant-reported AD8 will be weakly associated with MoCA performance, and informant reported AD8 will more reliably predictor cognitive performance. Methods Participants (N = 212) were seen from 2018 to 2020 through a free community screening service (Brain Health Check-In) at Banner Sun Health Research Institute in Arizona. First and second hypotheses were analyzed with Spearman’s Rho (r), third hypothesis utilized a linear regression. Results Both participant and informant reported AD8 directly correlated with overall cognitive performance classification (r = 0.639 [informant] confidence interval [CI] = .0552–0.712, p &lt; .000; r = 0.610 [participant] CI = 0.518–0.688, p &lt; .000). Informant reported AD8 ratings were significantly inversely correlated with MoCA performance (r = −0.497, p &lt; .000). Participant reported AD8 ratings also inversely correlated with overall MoCA scores with a weaker association (r = −0.296, p &lt; .000). Neither participant nor informant reported AD8 were able to reliably predict categorical cognitive performance classification, but informant reported AD8 (r = −.686, p &lt; .000) did emerge as a reliable predictor of MoCA performance. Conclusion(s) This study extends and reaffirms prior research about AD8 and suggests both informant- and participant-reports are valuable; however, informant often provides more clinically useful information related to cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Integrated Cognitive Assessment: Speed and Accuracy of Visual Processing as a Reliable Proxy to Cognitive Performance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi ◽  
Sina Habibi ◽  
Maryam Sadeghi ◽  
Haniye Marefat ◽  
Mahdiyeh Khanbagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Language And Education

AbstractVarious mental disorders are accompanied by some degree of cognitive impairment. Particularly in neurodegenerative disorders, cognitive impairment is the phenotypical hallmark of the disease. Effective, accurate and timely cognitive assessment is key to early diagnosis of this family of mental disorders. Current standard-of-care techniques for cognitive assessment are primarily paper-based, and need to be administered by a healthcare professional; they are additionally language and education-dependent and typically suffer from a learning bias. These tests are thus not ideal for large-scale pro-active cognitive screening and disease progression monitoring. We developed the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA), a 5-minute computerized cognitive assessment tool based on a rapid visual categorization task, in which a series of carefully selected natural images of varied difficulty are presented to participants. Overall 448 participants, across a wide age-range with different levels of education took the ICA test. We compared participants’ ICA test results with a variety of standard pen-and-paper tests that are routinely used to assess cognitive performance. ICA had excellent test-retest reliability, and was significantly correlated with all the reference cognitive tests used here, demonstrating ICA’s ability as one unified test that can assess various cognitive domains.

scholarly journals Task-evoked reconfiguration of the fronto-parietal network is associated with cognitive performance in brain tumor patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2351-2366
Author(s):  
Wouter De Baene ◽  
Martijn J. Jansma ◽  
Irena T. Schouwenaars ◽  
Geert-Jan M. Rutten ◽  
Margriet M. Sitskoorn
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Functional Connectivity Strength ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Combined Data

Abstract In healthy participants, the strength of task-evoked network reconfigurations is associated with cognitive performance across several cognitive domains. It is, however, unclear whether the capacity for network reconfiguration also plays a role in cognitive deficits in brain tumor patients. In the current study, we examined whether the level of reconfiguration of the fronto-parietal (‘FPN’) and default mode network (‘DMN’) during task execution is correlated with cognitive performance in patients with different types of brain tumors. For this purpose, we combined data from a resting state and task-fMRI paradigm in patients with a glioma or meningioma. Cognitive performance was measured using the in-scanner working memory task, as well as an out-of-scanner cognitive flexibility task. Task-evoked changes in functional connectivity strength (defined as the mean of the absolute values of all connections) and in functional connectivity patterns within and between the FPN and DMN did not differ significantly across meningioma and fast (HGG) and slowly growing glioma (LGG) patients. Across these brain tumor patients, a significant and positive correlation was found between the level of task-evoked reconfiguration of the FPN and cognitive performance. This suggests that the capacity for FPN reconfiguration also plays a role in cognitive deficits in brain tumor patients, as was previously found for normal cognitive performance in healthy controls.

scholarly journals COGNITIVE SCREENING THROUGH TELEMEDICINE – A PILOT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Pisetta ◽  
Isabel Almeida ◽  
Bárbara Beber ◽  
Maira Oliveira ◽  
Marcela Silagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Online Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Online Assessments ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Addenbrooke’S Cognitive Examination

Background: International research aimed at the feasibility of cognitive assessment through telemedicine has shown heterogeneous results. Further studies are needed to guarantee it’s feasibility, especially in developing countries like Brazil. Objective: Verify the feasibility of using telemedicine to perform a brief cognitive screening by comparing the performance of healthy adults in face-to-face and online assessments. Methods: The sample consisted of 15 cognitively healthy subjects, aged between 57-70 years (M=63.2; SD=4.6) and education between 8-22 years (M=14.7; SD=4.3). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination–Revised (ACE-R) was used, it allows evaluation of five cognitive domains: attention and orientation, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial. Subjects were randomly evaluated in person and online, with an interval of 1-6 months. Results: No significant differences were found in ACER-R subtests and final scores obtained in face-to-face versus online assessment: attention and orientation (p=0.741), memory (p=0.913), fluency (p=0.913), language (p=0.855), visuospatial (p=1.000), final score (p=0,596). Conclusion: Cognitive screening through telemedicine has proven to be feasible for cognitively healthy subjects in the present study. Further studies are needed to assess its feasibility in cognitive impaired subjects.

scholarly journals Construct Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Freitas ◽  
Mário R. Simões ◽  
João Marôco ◽  
Lara Alves ◽  
Isabel Santana
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity

AbstractThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief instrument developed for the screening of milder forms of cognitive impairment. The present study aims to assess the construct related validity of the MoCA through the establishment of the factorial, convergent, and discriminant related validities, and the reliability of data. In a Portuguese sample of 830 participants, several models were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Although all tested models showed a good fit, the six-factor model based on the conceptual model proposed by the MoCA's authors showed a significantly better fit. The results allowed us to establish the factorial, convergent, and discriminant validity of this six-dimensional structure. An overall psychometric adequacy of the items, and a good reliability were also found. This study contributes to overcome an important gap in the construct related validity of this instrument. The present findings corroborate the six-dimensional structure of the MoCA and provide good evidence of the construct related validity. The MoCA has proved to be an appropriate measure for cognitive screening taking into account different cognitive domains, which will enable clinicians and researchers to use this test and its six latent dimensions to achieve a better understanding of the individuals’ cognitive profile. (JINS, 2012, 18, 242–250)

scholarly journals Sepsis and Cognitive Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4269
Author(s):  
Laura C. Jones ◽  
Catherine Dion ◽  
Philip A. Efron ◽  
Catherine C. Price
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Pubmed Database

Sepsis disproportionally affects people over the age of 65, and with an exponentially increasing older population, sepsis poses additional risks for cognitive decline. This review summarizes published literature for (1) authorship qualification; (2) the type of cognitive domains most often assessed; (3) timelines for cognitive assessment; (4) the control group and analysis approach, and (5) sociodemographic reporting. Using key terms, a PubMed database review from January 2000 to January 2021 identified 3050 articles, and 234 qualified as full text reviews with 18 ultimately retained as summaries. More than half (61%) included an author with an expert in cognitive assessment. Seven (39%) relied on cognitive screening tools for assessment with the remaining using a combination of standard neuropsychological measures. Cognitive domains typically assessed were declarative memory, attention and working memory, processing speed, and executive function. Analytically, 35% reported on education, and 17% included baseline (pre-sepsis) data. Eight (44%) included a non-sepsis peer group. No study considered sex or race/diversity in the statistical model, and only five studies reported on race/ethnicity, with Caucasians making up the majority (74%). Of the articles with neuropsychological measures, researchers report acute with cognitive improvement over time for sepsis survivors. The findings suggest avenues for future study designs.

Limitations for Interpreting Failure on Individual Subtests of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Moafmashhadi ◽  
Lisa Koski
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Cognitive Domains

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is sensitive to mild forms of cognitive impairment in geriatric populations and asks questions under the subheadings visuospatial/executive, naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation. This study examined the extent to which these subsets of MoCA items evaluate their intended cognitive domains. Methods: Clinical data from 185 geriatric memory clinic outpatients who underwent cognitive screening and subsequent neuropsychological assessment were analyzed. Factor analysis of their neuropsychological test scores identified 5 cognitive domains memory, language, visuospatial ability, attention/processing speed, and cognitive control. Scores on MoCA subtests were examined for their correlations with individual factor scores and for their sensitivity and specificity in predicting impairment within each domain. Results: The MoCA subtest scores correlated significantly but modestly with neuropsychological test factor scores in their corresponding domains, for example, the correlation between 5-word recall and the memory factor was 0.46. However, subtest scores were poor predictors of impaired performance on the tests contributing to each cognitive domain. The best predictive accuracy was seen for the visuospatial/executive subtest that showed fair accuracy at predicting impairment on tests in the visuospatial domain. Other subtests showed unacceptably poor levels of accuracy when predicting impaired scores in their respective domains (60%-67%). Conclusions: In a sample of geriatric outpatients referred for cognitive assessment, performance on individual items and subtests of the MoCA yields insufficient information to draw conclusions about impairment in specific cognitive domains as determined by neuropsychological testing.

The Colorado Cognitive Assessment (CoCA): Development of an Advanced Neuropsychological Screening Tool

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashita S. Gurnani ◽  
Shayne S.-H. Lin ◽  
Brandon E Gavett
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model

Objective: The Colorado Cognitive Assessment (CoCA) was designed to improve upon existing screening tests in a number of ways, including enhanced psychometric properties and minimization of bias across diverse groups. This paper describes the initial validation study of the CoCA, which seeks to describe the test; demonstrate its construct validity; measurement invariance to age, education, sex, and mood symptoms; and compare it to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Method: Participants included 151 older adults (MAge = 71.21, SD = 8.05) who were administered the CoCA, MoCA, Judgment test from the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB), 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and 10-item version of the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS-10). Results: A single factor confirmatory factor analysis model of the CoCA fit the data well, CFI = 0.955; RMSEA = 0.033. The CoCA’s internal consistency reliability was .84, compared to .74 for the MoCA. The CoCA had stronger disattenuated correlations with the MoCA (r = .79) and NAB Judgment (r = .47) and weaker correlations with the GDS-15 (r = -.36) and GAS-10 (r = -.15), supporting its construct validity. Finally, when analyzed using multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) modeling, the CoCA showed no evidence of measurement non-invariance, unlike the MoCA. Conclusions: These results provide initial evidence to suggest that the CoCA is a valid cognitive screening tool that offers numerous advantages over the MoCA, including superior psychometric properties and measurement non-invariance. Additional validation and normative studies are warranted.

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