REACTION OF SUGARCANE GENOTYPES TO PARASITISM OF Meloidogyne javanica AND Pratylenchus zeae

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of sugarcane genotypes to Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus zeae. Sugarcane seedlings of the genotypes RB985944, RB987932, RB877935, RB855156, RB935744, RB996961, RB925345, RB935581 and RB966928 obtained from tissue cultures and maintained in pots with sterilized soil in a greenhouse were inoculated with 5,000 eggs + second- stage juveniles of M. javanica or 1,600 of P. zeae per plant, using six replicates per treatment. Tomato (Rutgers) and sorghum (BRS506) plants were used as control and proof of viability of the inoculum for the M. javanica and P. zeae, respectively. The number of root-knot in the plants inoculated with M. javanica, final nematode population and reproduction factor (RF) of both nematodes were evaluated at 120 days after inoculation. The averages of the different variables were compared by the Scott-Knott's clustering test at 5%. The nematodes M. javanica and P. zeae showed RF>1.00 in all sugarcane genotypes assessed, however, different levels of susceptibility were found. The lowest reproduction of the nematodes was found in the genotypes RB008347, RB877935, RB975944 and RB987932 (M. javanica) and RB987932 and RB966928 (P. zeae).

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RESISTANCE OF POTATO GENOTYPES TO Meloidogyne javanica

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252017v30n230rc ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 536-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JAQUELINE TAVARES SCHAFER ◽

CESAR BAUER GOMES ◽

ARIONE DA SILVA PEREIRA ◽

FERNANDA FERREIRA CRUZ ◽

DANIELLE RIBEIRO DE BARROS

Keyword(s):

Potato Cultivar ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Initial Population ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Potato Plants ◽

Final Population ◽

Susceptible Control ◽

Different Levels ◽

Reproduction Factor

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of a group of clones and cultivars from the potato breeding program of Embrapa to Meloidogyne javanica. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Temperate Climate, Pelotas / RS, under greenhouse conditions at temperatures of 25 ± 5°C. Individual potato plants of different genotypes [BRSIPR Bel, BRS F63 (Camila), CL02-05, F23-11-06, F32-02-06, F38-03-07, F189-09-06, F23-24-06 and F22-01-08], kept in pots with sterilized soil were inoculated with 5,000 eggs and J2 of M. javanica, using six replicates per treatment. The susceptible control, potato cultivar BRS Ana was inoculated with the same level of inoculum. Fifty-five days after inoculation, the number of galls on the roots of each plant was determined as well as the number of protuberances caused by nematodes in the different treatments. Then, the roots of each plant were processed for counting the number of eggs and J2, as well as determining the nematode reproduction factor (FR: final population / initial population). All genotypes were susceptible (FR> 1.00) to M. javanica. However, there were different levels of susceptibility among the cultivars tested.

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REACTION OF PSIDIUM SPP. ACCESSIONS TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INOCULATION WITH MELOIDOGYNE ENTEROLOBII

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252019v32n215rc ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 419-428

Author(s):

PATRÍCIA GOMES DE OLIVEIRA ◽

MANOEL ABILIO DE QUEIRÓZ ◽

JOSÉ MAURO DA CUNHA E CASTRO ◽

JULIANA MARTINS RIBEIRO ◽

RONALDO SIMÃO DE OLIVEIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yield Loss ◽

State University ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Second Stage ◽

Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽

Positive Results ◽

Different Levels ◽

Reproduction Factor ◽

Main Factor

ABSTRACT Meloidogyne enterolobii associated with Fusarium solani causes the guava decay, which is the main factor of yield loss in guava crops and limits guava production in Brazil. Therefore, searching for guava genotypes (Psidium spp.) with resistance to M. enterolobii is important to control this root-knot nematode. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the reaction of Psidium spp. accessions from the Germplasm Bank of the Bahia State University (UNEB) to different levels of inoculation with M. enterolobii. Guava seedlings were inoculated with 600, 1,600, and 2,000 eggs + J2 second stage juveniles of M. enterolobii and the root fresh weight, total number of eggs (TNE), and reproduction factor (RF) were evaluated. The results were subjected to ANOVA and means were clustered using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The diversity of accessions was estimated using the Tocher's clustering and UPGMA methods. The nematode RF reduced in some accessions with increasing inoculation levels of the nematode. However, the RF increased in some accessions with high levels of inoculation. Plants of the Y50 accession were immune or resistant to M. enterolobii, indicating variability of reaction of plants to the nematode within the Psidium genus. The resistance of Psidium accessions to M. enterolobii needs to be measured with different inoculation levels to verify the existence of false-positive results, since the evaluated accessions, including the Paluma cultivar, presented distinct reactions regarding RF in the three levels of inoculation used.

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Antagonistic potential and histopathology of Meloidogyne javanica on Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.06.p2153 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 940-946

Author(s):

Angélica Miamoto ◽

Andressa Cristina Zamboni Machado ◽

Orazília França Dorigo ◽

Thaísa Muriel Mioranza ◽

Heriksen Higashi Puerari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Feeding Site ◽

Feeding Sites ◽

Second Stage ◽

Obligate Parasites ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Antagonistic Potential ◽

Antagonistic Plants ◽

Reproduction Factor ◽

Nematode Development

Root-knot nematodes are obligate parasites, so changes at their feeding sites can limit their development. Alterations to feeding sites is one of the main actions taken by antagonistic plants. The aim of this study was to assess the response and histopathology of interactions between Meloidogyne javanica and the roots of Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java. The penetration and development of the nematode was assessed from 8 to 30 days after inoculation (DAI) with 3000 eggs + second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. javanica. The reproduction factor (RF) was assessed at 60 DAI, with two inoculation levels, 700 and 1000 eggs + J2, and the changes in the development and histopathology of M. javanica was assessed at 10, 15 and 30 DAI. Suscetible soybean was used as a control. The development of nematodes at the third (J3) and fourth juvenile (J4) stages was delay, despite the presence of J2 inside the roots, and no adult females were found in the M. axillare cv. Java roots. RF was 0.31 and 0.39 for M. axillare cv. Java and 3.40 and 4.52 for soybean at inoculation levels of 700 and 1000 eggs + J2, respectively. The feed cells in M. axillare cv. Java could not effectively nourish the nematode, which led to deformed females 30 DAI. The feed cells and nematode development, however, were normal in soybean. M. axillare cv. Java was resistant to M. javanica and had an antagonistic potential, because it did not prevent the nematode from penetrating the roots but had a negative effect on M. javanica due to the inefficiency of the feeding site.

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Reaction of common bean genotypes to the reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632019v4954008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

Author(s):

João Pedro Gomes da Costa ◽

Pedro Luiz Martins Soares ◽

Roberta Luiza Vidal ◽

Daniel Dalvan do Nascimento ◽

Rivanildo Ferreira Junior

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Assessment Criterion ◽

Genotypic Resistance ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Second Stage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Moderately Resistant ◽

Reproduction Factor

ABSTRACT The production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) may be compromised by a variety of pests and diseases, with root-knot nematodes standing out among the soil-borne pathogens that cause significant losses. It was assessed the reaction of common bean genotypes to the reproduction of these nematodes, with emphasis on the two species most frequently found parasitizing the crop: Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogne incognita. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design, with 26 treatments (genotypes), ten replications and plot consisting of a pot containing one plant. Each plot was inoculated with 1,000 eggs and second-stage juveniles and assessed at 62 days after the inoculation, when the final populations were estimated. The genotypic resistance was determined based on two criteria: reproduction factor and index. All the genotypes were susceptible to M. incognita according to both assessment criteria. The IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, BRS Esplendor and BRS Esteio cultivars, although may be classified as resistant to M. javanica by the reproduction factor, are classified only as moderately resistant if the assessment criterion is the reproduction index.

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Meloidogyne javanica parasitism and its impacts on the vegetative parameters, physicochemical composition, and antioxidant potential of beet

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00695 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽

Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽

Heriksen Higashi Puerari ◽

Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Vegetative Development ◽

Physicochemical Composition ◽

Second Stage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Proportional Increase ◽

Reproduction Factor

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of infestation by Meloidogyne javanica on the vegetative development, nutritional characteristics, and antioxidant potential of beet (Beta vulgaris). Inoculation in beet seedlings was performed with 0, 1,000, 2,500, 5,000, and 10,000 eggs and with possible second-stage juveniles (J2) of nematodes. Plants were collected 60 days after inoculation for the evaluation of the nematological and vegetative parameters, the physicochemical composition, and the content and activity of antioxidant compounds. The population levels of M. javanica reduced the mass and diameter of the tuber, comparing inoculum levels of 0 and 10,000 eggs + J2 of nematodes. There was a significant difference for the number of galls and nematodes per root system, with a proportional increase of population density according to the inoculation level. The reproduction factor in all infected treatments was above 1. Although the infection by M. javanica reduced the plant protein content, other compounds, such as betalains, sugars, and phenolics, were not affected. The inoculation by M. javanica negatively affects tuber development, but does not alter the antioxidant potential of beet.

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Mineral composition of beetroot treated with potential elicitors and inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ◽

10.1186/s40538-020-00196-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽

Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽

Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Nematode Population ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Cu Content ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Nematode Population Density ◽

Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica can infect beetroots, causing extensive damage to this food crop. As chemical and genetic control tactics have shown limited efficacy, new strategies are needed to improve the integrated management of this parasite. This study assessed the influence of potential defence elicitors and M. javanica infection on the mineral composition of beetroot. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), citrus biomass, or a mannanoligosaccharide-based product (MOS) and inoculated with 1000 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. javanica. At 60 days after inoculation, beetroot plants were harvested and evaluated for nematode population density, vegetative growth, and mineral content. Results All potential elicitors reduced nematode population density in beetroots (p ≤ 0.10) and improved the vegetative parameters of inoculated plants (p ≤ 0.05), except shoot fresh weight. Some minerals were found to be negatively affected by treatments, particularly calcium, whose levels were consistently lower in treated plants. On the other hand, M. javanica inoculation increased magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper contents in beetroots. However, the latter mineral (Cu content) of inoculated plants was positively influenced by MOS and ASM. Conclusion Potential elicitor treatments did not improve the mineral composition of beetroot, but were effective in reducing nematode population density. Plants inoculated with M. javanica had higher mineral levels. However, gall formation decreases the commercial value of the crop and might render it unsuitable for commercialisation. M. javanica-infected beetroots may be used for nutrient extraction or sold to food processing industries.

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Seed treatment for management of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n5p2995 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 2995 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adriely Alves de Almeida ◽

Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽

Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves ◽

Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña ◽

Débora Cristina Santiago

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Juvenile Mortality ◽

Second Stage ◽

Final Population ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Soybean Plants

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active ingredient abamectin, either in isolation or in combination with fungicides and insecticides formulated for the industrial seed treatment, on the population of Meloidogyne javanica, tested under greenhouse and in vitro conditions. In both tests, the combination of the following treatments was assessed: abamectin; thiamethoxam; fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. Water was used as control for the in vitro assay, whereas under greenhouse conditions, controls were inoculated and not inoculated with M. javanica. The tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with six (in vitro) and ten (greenhouse) replicates. For in vitro studies the effect on hatching, motility, and mortality of juveniles of M. javanica was evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, the soybean ‘BRS 133’ seeds were treated, and at 15, 30, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. javanica, plant measurements were recorded. The penetration of second stage juveniles (J2) was also evaluated at 15 DAI. At 30 DAI, galls, egg masses, nematodes/g of root, and final population were evaluated. At 60 DAI, the final population of nematodes in the roots was quantified. The treatments containing abamectin were the most effective in diminishing the hatching of juveniles. All treatments had an effect on nematode motility when compared to the control, and in the treatment containing only abamectin, total juvenile mortality was observed. In greenhouse conditions, at 15 DAI, the treated soybean plants had the highest root mass and shoot length, differing statistically from the inoculated control. All treatments reduced the number of nematodes per gram of root, differing from the control. At 30 DAI, treatment efficiency was observed in reducing the final population of M. javanica, particularly the treatments using abamectin, and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. However, at 60 DAI, the effect of the treatments on the population of M. javanica did not persist.

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The effect of organic compost of Caryocar brasiliense waste against Meloidogyne javanica in two vegetable crops

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10103 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Fabíola de J. Silva ◽

Regina C.F. Ribeiro ◽

Adelica A. Xavier ◽

Vanessa A. Gomes ◽

Paulo V.M. Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Integrated Control ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Control Measures ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Second Stage ◽

Tomato Roots ◽

Crop Development ◽

Caryocar Brasiliense ◽

Organic Compost

Summary Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are responsible for various significant crop losses, which require taking integrated control measures. The present study aimed to identify a possible sustainable approach to the management of Meloidogyne javanica in vegetable crops using an organic compound based on pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) fruit residues. A pot experiment was conducted using cultivars of tomato and lettuce susceptible to M. javanica, with three amendments including inorganic fertiliser, cattle manure and five doses of organic compost with pequi residues. All treatments were inoculated with second-stage juveniles of M. javanica to simulate the root-knot nematode disease in field conditions. Increasing doses of organic compost with pequi residues from 5 kg m−3 to 30 kg m−3 promoted a significant decrease in the nematode population in both cultures evaluated. Organic compost (30 kg m−3) reduced the numbers of galls and eggs of M. javanica by 41.6 and 46.5% in tomato roots, and by 80.3 and 59.2% in lettuce roots, respectively, compared with non-treated control. Organic compost also increased crop development considerably. In general, there was a 43.0% increase in plant development compared to non-treated control. Hence, organic compost of pequi residues could be an alternative to toxic chemical nematicides and recommended as eco-friendly management of M. javanica in vegetable crops.

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Nematóides associados a plantas invasoras

Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz ◽

10.1590/s0071-12761976000100053 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 33 (0) ◽

pp. 597-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonio Carlos Zem ◽

Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽

Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽

Pratylenchus Zeae

O presente trabalho trata de nematóides associados a raízes de 71 plantas invasoras, nas quais revelou-se a presença de 8 gêneros e 18 espécies parasitas. As espécies, pela ordem decrescente de freqüência foram: Helicotylenchus dihystera (46%) ; Meloidogyne javanica (24%) ; Meloidogyne incognita (23%); Macroposthonia ornata (17%); Pratylenchus brachyurus (16%) ; Pratylenchus zeae (14%) ; Xiphinemaseiariae (11%); Xiphinema krugi (10%); Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (5,6%); Meloidogyne arenaria (4,2%); Helicotylenchus dUiysteroides (4,2%) ; Tylenchorhynchus martini (4,2%) ; Aphelenchoides sp. (2,8%) ; Ditylenchus sp. (2,8%) ; Helicotylerfichus microcephalus (2,8%) ; Xiphinema elongatum (2,8%) ; Helicotylenchus egyptiensis (1,4%) e Meloidogyne coffeicola (1,4%). São feitas considerações sobre as implicações para a agricultura de tão ampla distribuição de nematóides em plantas colonizadoras e gramíneas utilizadas como forrageiras.

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Reaction of potential guava rootstocks to Meloidogyne enterolobii

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201865030010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 291-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernando Marcelo Chiamolera ◽

Antonio Baldo Geraldo Martins ◽

Pedro Luiz Martins Soares ◽

Tatiana Pagan Loeiro da Cunha-Chiamolera

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Root Rot ◽

System Development ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Second Stage ◽

Root System Development ◽

Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽

Reproduction Factor

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii is the main phytosanitary problem of guava cultivation in Brazil. Among the strategies to manage the problem, the best prospects are in identifying or developing cultivars or rootstocks that are resistant to this nematode. To identify plants with potential as rootstocks for guava, the reaction of araçá (wild guava) to M. enterolobii was assessed in a greenhouse experiment. Seven araçá species were evaluated (Eugenia stipitata, Psidium acutangulum, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, P. friedrichsthalianum, P. guajava var. minor, P. guineense, and Psidium sp.). The plants were inoculated with a suspension of 3,000 eggs of M. enterolobii, using eggplant as control treatment. The parameters fresh root mass, number of eggs and second stage juveniles (J2) per root system, the reproduction factor (RF = Pf/Pi), and araçá reaction were determined during the experiment. RF of the araçá species E. stipitata, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, and P. friedrichsthalianum was less than one (RP < 1), therefore resistant to M. enterolobii. The araçá trees had good root system development and the susceptible plants showed many root galls, high number of eggs and J2, and Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani root rot. The araçá species, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, P. friedrichsthalianum, and E. stipitata are resistant to M. enterolobii and can be tested as potential guava rootstocks.

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