scholarly journals CA-125 and CCL2 may indicate inflammation in peritoneal dialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wander Valadares de Oliveira Júnior ◽  
Sylvia Dias Turani ◽  
Maria Aparecida Silva Marinho ◽  
Sérgio Wyton Lima Pinto ◽  
Alba Otoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables

Abstract Introduction: Progressive structural changes in the peritoneal membrane occur over the course of treatment in peritoneal dialysis (PD), resulting in an increase in cytokines such as CCL2 and structural changes in peritoneal membrane triggering an increase in CA-125 in dialysate, which reflects a probable local inflammatory process, with possible loss of mesothelial cells. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma and CCL2 and CA-125 dialysate levels in patients undergoing PD. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted with 41 patients undergoing PD. The assessments of CA-125 and CCL2 levels were performed using a capture ELISA. Correlations were estimated using Spearman's correlation and the investigation of the association between the explanatory variables (CCL2) and response variable (CA-125) was done for crude ratio of arithmetic means and adjusted utilizing generalized linear models. Results: A moderate positive correlation was observed between the levels of CA-125 and CCL2 in the dialysate (rho = 0.696). A statistically significant association was found between the levels in the CCL2 and CA-125 dialysate (RoM=1.31; CI = 1.20-1.43), which remained after adjustment for age (RoM = 1.31; CI=1.19-1.44) and for time in months of PD (RoM=1.34, CI=1.22-1.48). Conclusion: The association of CA-125 levels with CCL2 in the dialysate may indicate that the local inflammatory process leads to temporary or definitive changes in peritoneal membrane. A better understanding of this pathogenesis could contribute to the discovery of new inflammatory biomarkers.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Protein Loss Is Not Associated With Sarcopenia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Young Do ◽  
A Young Kim ◽  
Seok Hui Kang
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Range Interval

Introduction: Maintenance of a peritoneal membrane is essential for maintaining long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). Peritoneal protein loss (PPL) is basically the loss of an essential nutrient, which may lead to malnutrition. We aimed to evaluate the association between PPL and sarcopenia in PD patients.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from September 2017 to November 2020 on all PD patients (n = 199). Finally, the patients were divided into tertiles based on the PPL level as follows: low, middle, and high. PPL (mg/day), appendicular lean mass (ALM) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and handgrip strength (HGS) were evaluated. Sarcopenia was defined using cut-off values from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.Results: The median PPL (interquartile range, interval) in the low, middle, and high tertiles were 4,229 (904, 1,706–5,111), 6,160 (760, 5,118–7,119), and 8,543 (2,284, 7,145–24,406) mg/day, respectively. HGS in the low, middle, and high tertiles was 23.4 ± 9.2, 23.8 ± 8.9, and 23.6 ± 8.3 kg, respectively (P = 0.967). The ALM index in the low, middle, and high tertiles was 6.0 ± 1.3, 6.0 ± 1.2, and 6.5 ± 1.1 kg/m2, respectively (P = 0.061). Multivariate analyses did not reveal significant differences in HGS and ALM index in among tertiles. The proportions of patients with sarcopenia in the low, middle, and high tertiles was 24 (36.4%), 19 (28.4%), and 21 (31.8%), respectively (P = 0.612).Conclusion: The present study showed that PPL is not independently associated with muscle mass, strength, and sarcopenia in PD patients.

scholarly journals The Relationships Between Serum DHEA-S and AMH Levels in Infertile Women: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Li-Te Lin ◽  
Kuan-Hao Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels has not been fully established. Therefore, we performed a large-scale cross-sectional study to investigate the association between serum DHEA-S and AMH levels. The study included a total of 2155 infertile women aged 20 to 46 years who were divided into four quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) based on serum DHEA-S levels. We found that there was a weak positive association between serum DHEA-S and AMH levels in infertile women (r = 0.190, p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, serum DHEA-S levels positively correlated with serum AMH levels in infertile women (β = 0.103, p < 0.001). Infertile women in the highest DHEA-S quartile category (Q4) showed significantly higher serum AMH levels (p < 0.001) compared with women in the lowest DHEA-S quartile category (Q1). The serum AMH levels significantly increased across increasing DHEA-S quartile categories in infertile women (p = 0.014) using generalized linear models after adjustment for potential confounders. Our data show that serum DHEA-S levels are positively associated with serum AMH levels.

scholarly journals Decreased choroidal and scleral thicknesses in highly myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Un Chul Park ◽  
Eun Kyoung Lee ◽  
Bo Hee Kim ◽  
Baek-Lok Oh
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pathologic Myopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Posterior Staphyloma ◽  
Myopic Maculopathy

AbstractIn this cross-sectional study, we investigated choroidal thickness (CT) and scleral thickness (ST) in highly myopic eyes and their associations with ocular factors. Patients underwent widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure the CT and ST at the subfovea and 3000 μm superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal to the fovea and macular curvature. A total of 237 eyes (154 patients) were included. At all five measurement points, thinner CTs and STs were associated with longer axial lengths (r = − 0.548 to − 0.357, all P < 0.001) and greater macular curvatures (r = − 0.542 to − 0.305, all P < 0.001). The CT and ST were significantly thinner in eyes with posterior staphyloma than in those without at all measurement points (all P ≤ 0.006) but did not differ between eyes with the wide macular and narrow macular type of staphyloma. Eyes with myopic maculopathy of category ≥ 3 according to the International Meta-Analysis for Pathologic Myopia classification had significantly thinner CTs and STs than those with category ≤ 2 (all P ≤ 0.005). In highly myopic eyes, a decrease in the CT and ST was more pronounced in eyes with more structural changes, such as longer axial length, steeper macular curvature, and the presence of posterior staphyloma.

scholarly journals Role of human epididymis protein 4 for detection of ovarian carcinoma in adnexal masses: A pilot study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Bansal ◽  
A. Suneja ◽  
K. Guleria ◽  
N. B. Vaid ◽  
K. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy Index ◽  
Benign Tumours

Introduction: HE4 is a novel tumour biomarker used for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 alone and in combination with CA125, risk of malignancy index (RMI), risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA). Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted recruiting 88 women with adnexal masses who were planned for surgery. After baseline work up and ultrasound examination, serum samples were collected for estimation of CA 125 and HE4 levels. Serum HE4 levels were estimated using ELISA kit. RMI and ROMA score were calculated and diagnostic accuracy of HE4, CA 125, RMI, ROMA and their combination were compared. Cut off for HE4 and ROMA score were calculated using ROC curve. Results: Of 88 subjects, 66 were analyzed with 19 malignant (including 5 LMP) and 47 benign cases. The median value of HE4 among malignant cases was found to be significantly higher than among the benign cases. PPV and NPV of HE4 at a cut off 130.8 pMol/ml was 85.7% and 77.9% respectively. Highest PPV (88.9%) with acceptable NPV (80.7%) was found with ROMA followed by HE4 (PPV 85.7%; NPV 77.97%), RMI (PPV 76.92%; NPV 83%) and CA125 (PPV 52%; NPV 80.85%). Conclusion: HE4 levels were lower in Indian population both in malignant and benign tumours as compared to other studies. HE4 is a good discriminator and gives best accuracy when it is combined with CA125 in a logistic algorithm, ROMA.

scholarly journals Microperimetry-Assessed Functional Alterations and OCT-Changes in Patients after Retinal Detachment Surgery Using Pars Plana Vitrectomy and SF6 Tamponade

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157
Author(s):  
María D. Díaz-Barreda ◽  
Isabel Bartolomé-Sesé ◽  
Ana Boned-Murillo ◽  
Antonio Ferreras ◽  
Elvira Orduna-Hospital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Retinal Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Integrity Index ◽  
Pars Plana

Background: We study the retinal function measured by macular integrity assessment microperimetry (MAIA) and structural changes assessed by scanning swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) between healthy individuals and patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods: Cross-sectional study. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grids were measured by SS-OCT and compared with the MAIA parameters. Results: Thirty-eight eyes with RRD (19 macula-on and 19 macula-off) were compared with 113 healthy eyes. The retinal sensitivity and average total threshold were reduced in all sectors in the RRD group; macular integrity index was increased. Macular thicknesses in total retina and ganglion cell layer (GCL)++ protocols were higher in the RRD group in nasal outer (NO) and central (C) sectors and only in C sector for GCL+ protocol. Thicknesses were lower in total retina, GCL++ protocols in the temporal outer (TO) sector and in the GCL+ protocol in NO sector. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) correlated moderately with retinal sensitivity in all sectors and in just several sectors with time between the date of surgery and the test. The central nasal (CN) sector thickness and the average total threshold were higher in the macula-on subgroup. Conclusions: RRD and subsequent surgery results in functional and structural changes, especially in individuals with macular detachment.

scholarly journals Comparison of predicted psychological distress among workers between artificial intelligence and psychiatrists: a cross-sectional study in Tsukuba Science City, Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046265
Author(s):  
Shotaro Doki ◽  
Shinichiro Sasahara ◽  
Daisuke Hori ◽  
Yuichi Oi ◽  
Tsukasa Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Data

ObjectivesPsychological distress is a worldwide problem and a serious problem that needs to be addressed in the field of occupational health. This study aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to predict psychological distress among workers using sociodemographic, lifestyle and sleep factors, not subjective information such as mood and emotion, and to examine the performance of the AI models through a comparison with psychiatrists.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe conducted a survey on psychological distress and living conditions among workers. An AI model for predicting psychological distress was created and then the results were compared in terms of accuracy with predictions made by psychiatrists.ParticipantsAn AI model of the neural network and six psychiatrists.Primary outcomeThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting psychological distress.MethodsIn total, data from 7251 workers were analysed to predict moderate and severe psychological distress. An AI model of the neural network was created and accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Six psychiatrists used the same data as the AI model to predict psychological distress and conduct a comparison with the AI model.ResultsThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting moderate psychological distress were 65.2% and 64.4%, respectively, showing no significant difference. The accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting severe psychological distress were 89.9% and 85.5%, respectively, indicating that the AI model had significantly higher accuracy.ConclusionsA machine learning model was successfully developed to screen workers with depressed mood. The explanatory variables used for the predictions did not directly ask about mood. Therefore, this newly developed model appears to be able to predict psychological distress among workers easily, regardless of their subjective views.

scholarly journals Rurality and Dropout in Virtual Higher Education Programmes in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4953
Author(s):  
Alfredo Guzmán Rincón ◽  
Sandra Barragán ◽  
Favio Cala Vitery
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Rural Student

As part of the 2030 Agenda, higher education has been conceptualised as one of the ways to overcome the social disparities experienced in rural areas in Colombia. Thus, in concordance with the benefits of this level of education, the state has been designing public policies during the last few years, in order to facilitate access to undergraduate programmes to these populations, focusing mainly on the implementation of the virtual modality. In this context, it is recognised that access itself is not enough, but that continuance and timely graduation are required to materialise the benefits obtained along with a higher education degree; hence, dropout is a subject of interest for study, especially due to the high rates existing in the rural student population. Therefore, the event of dropout becomes an obstacle to social change and transformation in rural areas. Thus, this article aimed to identify which individual, institutional, academic and socio-economic characteristics influence rural student dropout in virtual undergraduate programmes in Colombia. For this purpose, an exploratory, quantitative and cross-sectional study was proposed, with a sample of 291 students to whom a student characterisation instrument and a classroom evaluation instrument were applied. With these data, it was proceeded to establish which of them had deserted, constituting the extraction of the sample of the study, which were 168. With the information, an exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and descriptive statistics were used to establish which explanatory variables are involved in the dropout of this type of student. The results showed that the academic variables analysed do not have an impact on the event, while marital status (associated with family obligations), age, social stratum, work obligations, parents’ level of education and type of work, income and type of employment relationship of the student, and, finally, the number of people who depend on the family’s income do.

Time to Positivity of Bacteria Cultures in Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid: Evaluation of Different Laboratory Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-344
Author(s):  
Roberta M. Katzap ◽  
Vany Elisa Pagnussatti ◽  
Ana Elizabeth Figueiredo ◽  
Julia Gabriela Motta ◽  
Domingos O. d'Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

Patients with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis (PD) are susceptible to infections, with peritonitis being the primary cause of dropout. Peritoneal fluid culture is one of the essential elements for proper diagnosis and peritonitis treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the time required to obtain a positive culture using different laboratory methods. An in vitro cross-sectional study was conducted comparing different techniques for preparation and culture of bacteria in peritoneal fluid. The research was carried out with 21 sterile dialysis bags and 21 PD bags containing peritoneal fluid drained from patients without peritonitis. Fluids from the 42 PD bags were contaminated by injecting a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus suspension and then prepared for culture using 4 distinct techniques: A - direct culture; B - post-centrifugation culture; C - direct culture after 4 h sedimentation; and D - culture after 4 h sedimentation and centrifugation. This was followed by seeding. In the 21 contaminated sterile bags, mean times to obtain a positive culture with techniques D (19.6 h ± 2.6) and C (19.1 h ± 2.3) were longer than with technique A (15.8 h ± 3.0; p < 0.01), but not statistically different from group B (19.0 h ± 3.2). The same occurred in the 21 bags drained from patients, with mean times for techniques D (14.0 h ± 1.9) and C (14.5 h ± 1.7) being longer than technique A (12.22 h ± 1.94; p < 0.05) but not statistically different from technique B (13.2 h ± 1.3). The sedimentation and centrifugation steps seem to be unnecessary and may delay antibiotic sensitivity test results by approximately 8 hours.

Knowledge about biosafety measures in clinical setting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study with Brazilian dental students

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matheus dos Santos Fernandez ◽  
Andreia Morales Cascaes ◽  
Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz ◽  
Nathalia Ribeiro Jorge da Silva ◽  
Camilla Hubner Bielavski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Medium Level

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of Brazilian dental students about biosafety measures that should be adopted in the clinical setting during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 1,050 dental students was conducted. A semi-structured questionnaire was shared with students. Mean knowledge score on biosafety guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic was the outcome, with a maximum of 8 scores. Explanatory variables included sociodemographic and educational characteristics, aspects related to biosafety education, actions adopted by the dental schools during the pandemic, and sources of biosafety information. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed. Results: Mean knowledge score was 5.19 (1.28). Female students (β=0.346; 95%CI:0.154–0.539), those enrolled in the intermediate (β=0.525; 95%CI:0.167–0.883) or final (β=0.569; 95%CI:0.200–0.937) stage of course, and those who had already received theoretical-practical training in biosafety (β=0.464; 95%CI:0.063–0.866) presented higher mean knowledge scores. Students who did not receive guidance on aerosol control measures before the pandemic (β=-0.324; 95%CI:-0.519–-0.130) had the lowest score. Conclusion: Students presented a medium level of knowledge about dental biosafety measures in the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic characteristics and those related to the institutional profile of the participants, and access to orientation and training in biosafety may influence their knowledge.

MO710GALECTIN-3, IS IT A NEW PLAYER IN PERITONEAL INFLAMMATION AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERITONEAL DIALYSIS?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Einbinder ◽  
Keren Cohen-Hagai ◽  
Sydney Benchetrit ◽  
Tali Zitman-Gal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Peritoneal Equilibration Test ◽  
Endothelial Cell Culture ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Abstract Background and Aims Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a common used method for renal replacement therapy. Prolonged PD treatment causes structural and functional changes in the peritoneal membrane which are attributed to local inflammatory process in the peritoneal cavity. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a galactoside-binding lectin with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects. The aim of this study was to assess correlation between Gal-3 serum and dialysate effluent levels with peritoneal membrane transport characteristics. Method Gal-3 levels in serum and dialysate effluent were measured simultaneously in prevalent PD patients in morning visit or during peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Gal-3 levels were correlated with clinical and laboratory parameters. Interlukin (IL) -6 levels were measured in dialysate effluent. Gal-3 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated after exposure of primary endothelial cell culture to several dialysate solutions. Results 37 PD patients were included in the study; mean age was 65.7±13.1 years, mean dialysis vintage was 17.5±13 months. Gal-3 levels in dialysate effluent correlated with peritoneal equilibration test (PET) results (0.663, p=0.005) and effluent IL-6 levels (0.674, p=0.002) but not with serum Gal-3 levels or dialysis vintage. Patients with high PET results had higher effluent Gal-3 levels as compared average low PET results. In multivariate regression analysis effluent IL-6 level was the most dominant predictor of effluent Gal-3 levels. Gal-3 mRNA and protein expression in primary endothelial cell culture were not affected by stimulation with dialysate solutions. Conclusion Our study demonstrated presence of Gal-3 within the dialysate effluent in PD patients. Gal-3 levels correlated with peritoneal membrane transport characteristics and effluent IL-6 levels suggesting a role in the inflammatory process within the peritoneal cavity.

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