scholarly journals 30 years later: Social Representations about AIDS and sexual practices of rural towns residents

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Marina de Souza Freire Furtado ◽  
José Anderson Galdino Santos ◽  
Stedile Loredanna ◽  
Eunice Araújo ◽  
Ana Alayde Werba Saldanha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Informal Context

In the 30 years of the AIDS pandemic in Brazil, it is recognized the HIV virus internalization of the phenomenon as a challenge to care and current health policies. In this sense, it aimed to verify sex practices and social representations that rural towns residents have about the disease. Attended by 789 people, men and women, between 18 and 90 years old, residents in 41 towns with fewer than 11,000 inhabitants in the state of Paraiba / Brazil. Data were collected by a questionnaire and the free association of words test. The results showed low concern about disease, perception of invulnerability to HIV infection and not using condoms during sexual intercourse, and confidence in the major reason related partner. Also showed endure derogatory and stereotypical representations, revealing that still persist in rural areas, beliefs and representations concerning the beginning of the epidemic. From these findings, it is possible to point out deficiencies in the care provided by the health services in these localities, which may result in increased vulnerability of this population to diseases, so there is the need to intensify information campaigns and intervention. The results reveal the existence of three different types of modes of learning health literacy skills in informal context: : i) learning that takes place in action, in achieving daily tasks; ii) learning processes that result from problem solving; iii) learning that occurs in an unplanned manner, resulting from accidental circumstances and, in some cases, devoid of intentionality.

scholarly journals Modes of acquisition of health literacy skills in informal learning contexts

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Geraldo Manso Calha
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Learning Contexts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Informal Context ◽  
Scientific Fields

In this article we try to analyze the learning processes of health literacy skills in informal contexts. We intend to broaden the understanding of the learning process beyond the formal contexts, thus contributing to the elucidation of health professionals on how individuals acquire and manage their knowledge in health matters. Given our goal, we use an analytic corpus constituted by one hundred autobiographical narratives written between 2006 and 2011, in educational contexts but with recognized potential for use in different scientific fields, including health. The results reveal the existence of three different types of modes of learning health literacy skills in informal context: : i) learning that takes place in action, in achieving daily tasks; ii) learning processes that result from problem solving; iii) learning that occurs in an unplanned manner, resulting from accidental circumstances and, in some cases, devoid of intentionality.

Households Discrimination in School Enrolment in Pakistan: Does gender matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Zahoor Ul Haq ◽  
Imad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This study uses Pakistan Social and Living Measurement Survey 2016 to study gender discrimination in school enrollment across the four provinces of Pakistan using bi-variate analysis. Results show that there is highly significant difference between male and female education in rural areas (x^2=4940.50 and p<0.05). Analysis indicate that gender disparity in enrollment is significantly higher in low income households (x^2=115.468 and P<0.05). The study also showed that as compared to male, fewer female are enrolled in both public and private sectors. Hence, socio-economic factors play important role in making decision about children enrollment in different types of school. The study recommends that government to take appropriate steps to reduce gender discrimination in school enrollment by offering subsidy on female education in the country.

RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Ravi Parkash
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The Government

The paper analyze the role of rural tourism for the development of rural areas, The study analyzed how the different types of tourist product diversifications influence the development possibilities of studied rural areas in India. The government should sponsor private Sector to promote tourism in rural areas. For upgrading the rural tourism government requires to understand the rural location, demography, socio-culture, financial and political background of that area. How we can involve the rural citizens to improve their socio-economic condition. The objective of this paper is to present an update on rural tourism expansion and development in India. Rural tourism is rising in terms of number of visitors and the government of India should focus on it as an engine of growth

scholarly journals Rwanda’s Land Policy Reform: Self-Employment Perspectives from a Case Study of Kimonyi Sector

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mireille Mizero ◽  
Aristide Maniriho ◽  
Bosco Bashangwa Mpozi ◽  
Antoine Karangwa ◽  
Philippe Burny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Expropriation Risk ◽  
Main Activity

Rwanda’s Land Policy Reform promotes agri-business and encourages self-employment. This paper aims to analyze the situation from a self-employment perspective when dealing with expropriation risk in rural areas. In this study, we conducted a structured survey addressed to 63 domestic units, complemented by focus groups of 47 participants from Kimonyi Sector. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that having job alternatives, men heading domestic units, literacy skills in English, and owning land lease certificates (p < 0.05) are positively and significantly related to awareness of land expropriation risk. The decision of the head of the domestic unit to practice the main activity under self-employment status is positively influenced by owning a land lease certificate, number of plots, and French skills, while skills in English and a domestic unit’s size have a positive and significant influence on involvement in a second activity as self-employed. Information on expropriation risk has no significant effect on self-employment. The domestic unit survey revealed that 34.9% of the heads of domestic units only have one job, 47.6% have at least two jobs in their everyday life, 12.7% have a minimum of three jobs, and 4.8% are inactive. The focus group synthesis exposed the limits to self-employment ability and facilities.

scholarly journals Moving beyond Limitations: Designing the Helpdys App for Children with Dyslexia in Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7081
Author(s):  
Andres Larco ◽  
Jorge Carrillo ◽  
Nelson Chicaiza ◽  
Cesar Yanez ◽  
Sergio Luján-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Educational Games ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Self Confidence

Dyslexia is a relatively common language disorder which is generally ignored in rural communities. It hinders children’s learning processes and, in some cases, is the cause of dropouts or violence in schools. The present work strives to create a web and mobile app as a preliminary step towards the diagnosis and treatment of dyslexic children. Apps providing didactic educational games and activities improve literacy skills for students with reading disabilities. The current work incorporates user experience and prototyping to fulfill app requirements. The authors evaluated the apps with the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) tool to assess engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information. The app’s improvements were immediately implemented and tested in the “Escuela Linea Equinoccial” (Ecuador) school, proving its utility for future use in the education system. The app can be a valuable tool for children with dyslexia to progress successfully through school, raising their self-confidence and, thereby, helping them reach their full potential as adults able to make a positive contribution to society.

scholarly journals Growth and Productivity Analysis of Micro Finance Sector: A Case Study of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Nisar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Government ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

This study reviews the growth strategies and their effect on the efficiency and productivity of the microfinance sector of Pakistan. The sector needs to have adopted intensive growth strategy instead of extensive strategies of wide expansion in term of physical infrastructure and human resources, which had increased the financial sustainability risks for the credit constrain institutions. The sixdimension model of outreach used in this study also shows that the sector does not achieve the targets set forth for these micro finance institutes with respect to its active borrowers’ outreach. The sector has mainly focused the big cities and urban areas whereas the poverty levels are higher in rural areas. The government has also shown its interest by launching two different types of loan schemes. Among the three different types of institution, the microfinance banks dominate the sector.

scholarly journals As Representações Sociais da Dança: um Mergulho no Universo dos Estudantes de Bacharelado em Educação Física

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Felipe da Silva Triani ◽  
Glhevysson dos Santos Barros
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
Technical Procedure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Well Being

ResumoA dança é a arte de movimentar expressivamente o corpo seguindo movimentos ritmados, em geral ao som de música. Dessa forma, o significado da dança vai além da expressão artística, podendo ser vista como um meio para adquirir conhecimentos ou como opção de lazer. No campo de atuação do bacharelado, as investigações acadêmicas ainda são tímidas, urgindo de produções científicas que possam alimentar o campo científico sobre o tema. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar e analisar as representações sociais que um grupo de bacharelandos do curso em Educação Física compartilha sobre a dança. A metodologia da pesquisa envolve uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo o estudo de campo como procedimento técnico. A amostra foi constituída por 200 indivíduos, sendo 85 homens e 115 mulheres com médias de idade entre 17 a 45 anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de questionário com associação livre de palavras, cujo termo indutor foi ”dança”. A análise foi feita por meio dos conteúdos das respostas. O resultado principal do estudo apontou que a maioria dos estudantes emprega sentido de dança como uma atividade técnica e a associam com saúde mental e bem-estar. Palavras-chave: Representação Social. Educação Física. Dança. AbstractDance is the art of expressively moving the body following rhythmic movements, usually to the sound of music. Thus, the meaning of dance goes beyond artistic expression, and can be seen as a means to acquire knowledge or as a leisure option. In the field of performance of the bachelor's degree, academic investigations are still timid, urging scientific productions that can feed the scientific field on the theme. Thus, the objective of the study was to identify and analyze the social representations that a group of Physical Education course bachelors shares about dance. The research methodology is a qualitative approach, with the field study as a technical procedure. The sample consisted of 200 individuals, 85 men and 115 women with a mean age between 17 and 45 years. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire with free association of words, whose inducing term was, "dance". The analysis was done through the responses content. The main result of the study pointed out that most students use dance as a technical activity and associate it with mental health and well-being. Keywords: Social Representation. PE. Dance.

scholarly journals Farms Typologies and Their Impact on the Development of Rural Areas in Moldova

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Liliana Cimpoies ◽  
Elena Semionova
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract For Moldova’s agriculture are characterized the existence of many small family farms and only a small number of corporate holdings (limited liabilities companies, agricultural production cooperatives etc). Most of individual farms, small by size produce only for own family consumption and cannot find their way to the market place. The accentuated poverty makes rural economy to flow more and more to a natural subsistence economy, isolating itself from the market economy. The goal of this paper is to delimitate different types of farms based on selected indicators and to appreciate their level of development. Differences in farms levels of development are appreciated through cluster analysis. The research includes the analysis of farms survey data. This research was carried as a part of the Academy of Sciences project “Sustainable rural development in Republic of Moldova in the context of EU accession”. In the project were surveyed 938 individual farms from nine districts across the country. As a result, we distinguish three types of farms: natural, family and market household. The cluster analysis allows to characterize the farms level development, to determine the main priority directions, and to elaborate measures for the individual farms further sustainable development.

scholarly journals Social Representations of e-Mental Health Among the Actors of the Health Care System: Free-Association Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Morgiève ◽  
Pierre Mesdjian ◽  
Olivier Las Vergnas ◽  
Patrick Bury ◽  
Vincent Demassiet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
System P ◽  
The Social

BACKGROUND Electronic mental (e-mental) health offers an opportunity to overcome many challenges such as cost, accessibility, and the stigma associated with mental health, and most people with lived experiences of mental problems are in favor of using applications and websites to manage their mental health problems. However, the use of these new technologies remains weak in the area of mental health and psychiatry. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the social representations associated with e-mental health by all actors to implement new technologies in the best possible way in the health system. METHODS A free-association task method was used. The data were subjected to a lexicometric analysis to qualify and quantify words by analyzing their statistical distribution, using the ALCESTE method with the IRaMuTeQ software. RESULTS In order of frequency, the terms most frequently used to describe e-mental health in the whole corpus are: “care” (n=21), “internet” (n=21), “computing” (n=15), “health” (n=14), “information” (n=13), “patient” (n=12), and “tool” (n=12). The corpus of text is divided into 2 themes, with technological and computing terms on one side and medical and public health terms on the other. The largest family is focused on “care,” “advances,” “research,” “life,” “quality,” and “well-being,” which was significantly associated with users. The nursing group used very medical terms such as “treatment,” “diagnosis,” “psychiatry”,” and “patient” to define e-mental health. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that there is a gap between the representations of users on e-mental health as a tool for improving their quality of life and those of health professionals (except nurses) that are more focused on the technological potential of these digital care tools. Developers, designers, clinicians, and users must be aware of the social representation of e-mental health conditions uses and intention of use. This understanding of everyone’s stakes will make it possible to redirect the development of tools to adapt them as much as possible to the needs and expectations of the actors of the mental health system.

scholarly journals CONOCIMIENTOS, COMPORTAMIENTO Y ACTITUDES SEXUALES EN ADULTOS CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. Díaz Rodríguez ◽  
Mª Dolores Gil Llario ◽  
Rafael Ballester Arnal ◽  
Vicente Morell Mengual ◽  
Rosa J. Molero Mañes
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual

Abstract:KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIESThis paper conducts an exploratory study whose overall objective is to analyze sexual behavior, level of knowledge and attitudes about safe sex practices in a sample of people with intellectual disabilities to prevent sexual violence against this group. The sample is composed of 78 people (39 men and 39 women) with a mild or moderate intellectual disability. The results obtained through a structured interview indicate that the level of knowledge about sexual practices highlights that 73.1% had sexual intercourse, 87.4% had knowledge of the different types of contraceptive methods and 56.3% trust the professionals and educators to address sexuality issues. These results underscore the importance of tailoring affective-sexual educations programs for this group.Keywords: Intellectual disabilities, safe sex, relationships, sexual abuse.Resumen:En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio exploratorio cuyo objetivo general es analizar el comportamiento sexual, y el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes relativas a las prácticas de sexo seguro en una muestra de personas con discapacidad intelectual para prevenir la violencia sexual hacia este colectivo. La muestra está compuesta por 78 personas (39 hombres y 39 mujeres) con discapacidad intelectual leve o moderada. Los resultados obtenidos mediante una entrevista estructurada indican que en el nivel de conocimientos sobre prácticas sexuales destaca que el 73.1% había mantenido relaciones sexuales, el 87.4% conocían los diferentes tipos de métodos anticonceptivos y el 56.3% confiaba en los profesionales y educadores para tratar temas relativos a la sexualidad. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de desarrollar programas de educación afectiva-sexual adecuados a este colectivo.Palabras clave: Discapacidad Intelectual, prácticas de sexo seguro, relaciones de pareja, abuso sexual.

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