scholarly journals Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) reaction to herbicide residue in a Brazilian Savannah soil

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lorena de Barros Santos ◽  
Carlos Roberto Spehar ◽  
Lucio Vivaldi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Herbicide Residue ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
And Control

The quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation, one of the most promising in double cropping with soybeans or maize, depends on weed control. The objective of this work was to evaluate quinoa reaction to herbicide residue in a savannah soil. Six herbicide treatments, trifluralin, pendimethalin, clomazone, imazaquin, trifluralin + imazaquin and control, were applied, prior to summer cultivation of soybean, in a Dark-Red Latosol (typic Haplustox). Soybean cultivar BR 9 Savana was grown and soil samples were collected at 15, 38, 100, 145 and 206 days after treatment and stored at -5ºC. Bioassays were conducted in greenhouse, using quinoa, cultivar Q18. Imazaquin was the most harmful to quinoa seedlings, up to 206 days after application, followed by clomazone 15-38 days after application; trifluralin and pendimethalin had no residual effect. These results suggest that a broad-base screening should be conducted.

Evaluation of weed control in acetyl coA carboxylase-resistant rice with mixtures of quizalofop and auxinic herbicides

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
Tameka L. Sanders ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Benjamin H. Lawrence ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Thomas W. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
And Control

AbstractRice with enhanced tolerance to herbicides that inhibit acetyl coA carboxylase (ACCase) allows POST application of quizalofop, an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide. Two concurrent field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 near Stoneville, MS, to evaluate control of grass (Grass Study) and broadleaf (Broadleaf Study) weeds with sequential applications of quizalofop alone and in mixtures with auxinic herbicides applied in the first or second application. Sequential treatments of quizalofop were applied at 119 g ai ha−1 alone and in mixtures with labeled rates of auxinic herbicides to rice at the two- to three-leaf (EPOST) or four-leaf to one-tiller (LPOST) growth stages. In the Grass Study, no differences in rice injury or control of volunteer rice (‘CL151’ and ‘Rex’) were detected 14 and 28 d after last application (DA-LPOST). Barnyardgrass control at 14 and 28 DA-LPOST with quizalofop applied alone or with auxinic herbicides EPOST was ≥93% for all auxinic herbicide treatments except penoxsulam plus triclopyr. Barnyardgrass control was ≥96% with quizalofop applied alone and with auxinic herbicides LPOST. In the Broadleaf Study, quizalofop plus florpyrauxifen-benzyl controlled more Palmer amaranth 14 DA-LPOST than other mixtures with auxinic herbicides, and control with this treatment was greater EPOST compared with LPOST. Hemp sesbania control 14 DA-LPOST was ≤90% with quizalofop plus quinclorac LPOST, orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST, and triclopyr EPOST or LPOST. All mixtures except quinclorac and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST controlled ivyleaf morningglory ≥91% 14 DA-LPOST. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl or triclopyr were required for volunteer soybean control >63% 14 DA-LPOST. To optimize barnyardgrass control and rice yield, penoxsulam plus triclopyr and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac should not be mixed with quizalofop. Quizalofop mixtures with auxinic herbicides are safe and effective for controlling barnyardgrass, volunteer rice, and broadleaf weeds in ACCase-resistant rice, and the choice of herbicide mixture could be adjusted based on weed spectrum in the treated field.

scholarly journals A Multy-Year Study Reveals the Importance of Residual Herbicides on Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. NUNES ◽  
J. LORENSET ◽  
J.E. GUBIANI ◽  
F.M. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

ABSTRACT: A 3-year field study was conducted to assess the potential for using pre-emergent (PRE) herbicides tank mixed with glyphosate as a means of controlling weed species in soybean. In 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing sessions soybean cultivar Brasmax Apollo RR was planted under residues of rye. The herbicide treatments glyphosate (gly) (1,296 g a.i. ha-1), gly + S-metolachlor (1,296 + 1,920), gly + imazaquin (1,296 +161), gly + pendimethalin (1,296 + 1,000), gly + metribuzin (1,296 + 480), gly + 2.4-D amine (1,296 + 1,209) was applied in pre-emergence (PRE) over rye crop residues two days before soybean sowing. In addition, full season weed-free and weedy control plots were included. Gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the horseweed density from 48 to 3 and 6 plants m-2, respectively. The mix containing gly + metribuzin and gly + 2.4-D amine and gly applied alone had no effect in the horseweed control. The mix containing gly + metribuzin, gly + 2.4-D amine, gly + imazaquin and gly applied alone had no effect in the crabgrass control. In contrast gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the crabgrass density from 70 to 0 and 1 plant m-2, respectively. The soybean yield was higher with weed-free, S-metolachlor and metribuzin treatments. The use of an herbicide with residual effect had impact on weed management and soybean yield. In conclusion, a greater control of horseweed and crabgrass occurred when S-metolachlor or pendimethalin was applied PRE.

scholarly journals Halosulfuron Tank Mixtures and Adjuvants for Weed Control in Pumpkin Production

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1823-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie J. Kammler ◽  
S. Alan Walters ◽  
Bryan G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Field studies were conducted to evaluate postemergence combinations of halosulfuron plus sethoxydim or clethodim with various adjuvants for effects on jack-o-lantern pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) injury and yields and control of large [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] and smooth crabgrass [D. ischaemum (Schreb. ex Schweig.) Schreb. ex Muhl.]. Halosulfuron caused 27% and 14% pumpkin injury at 28 d after postemergence treatment (DAPT) in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Tank-mixing sethoxydim or clethodim with halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury compared with halosulfuron alone. Pumpkin injury from sethoxydim and clethodim alone at 28 DAPT ranged from 19% to 23% in 2004, but was only 7% to 8% in 2005. The addition of oil-based adjuvants to halosulfuron did not affect pumpkin injury compared with using a nonionic surfactant (NIS). The tank mixture of halosulfuron and sethoxydim did not affect crabgrass control regardless of adjuvant. However, the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim plus NIS reduced control of crabgrass from 89% to 77% at 28 DAPT. Crabgrass control was unaffected by the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC) or a NIS/COC blend. None of the herbicide treatments provided pumpkin yield (fruit no./ha) similar to the weed-free control. The pumpkin yield of treatments using postemergence herbicides was at least 50% less than the weed-free treatment. These low pumpkin yields were most likely the result of the combination of pumpkin injury from the herbicide applications and insufficient weed control.

Influence of Tillage Systems on Annual Weed Densities and Control in Solid-seeded Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Edward S. Oplinger
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
No Till ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Chisel Plow ◽  
And Control

Field research was conducted at Arlington, WI, and Janesville, WI, in 1986 and 1987 to evaluate the effect of conventional-tillage, chisel plow, and no-till systems on the density and control of annual weed species in solid-seeded soybean. Common lambsquarters densities were not greatly influenced by tillage systems, but redroot pigweed densities were generally highest in the chisel plow system. Conventional tillage always had greater velvetleaf densities than no-till and no-till always had greater giant foxtail densities than conventional tillage. Giant foxtail and redroot pigweed became more difficult to control when tillage was reduced, while velvetleaf became less of a problem. This response was not observed with all herbicide treatments evaluated and several herbicide treatments provided excellent weed control. Soybean yield was not affected by tillage systems under weed-free conditions and differences in soybean yield appeared to be due to differences in weed control.

Weed Control by Alachlor and Residues in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Soil

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy D. Herman ◽  
Thomas J. Monaco ◽  
T. Jack Sheets
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potato Root ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residue Levels

Alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] at 3.4 and 6.7 kg/ha controlled weeds present in sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatasL. ‘Jewel’, ‘Centennial’, ‘Caromex’) at two locations in North Carolina. Yield was not reduced from slight early season injury observed with the herbicide treatments. Most sweet potato root samples contained less than the detectable limit of 0.05 ppmw of alachlor. At one location, samples of the cultivars Jewel and Centennial that received 6.7 kg/ha contained 0.06 and 0.05 ppmw, respectively. Averaged over locations, residue levels in soil samples from plots treated at 6.7 kg/ha decreased from 1.55 ppmw initially to less than 0.05 ppmw by 16 weeks after application.

Evaluation of Chlorsulfuron in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and in a Wheat-Soybean (Glycine max) Double-Cropping System

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosro Khodayari ◽  
Robert E. Frans ◽  
Khalid H. Akkari
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wild Garlic

Chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} was evaluated for weed control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and for residual effect on soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] following wheat. Chlorsulfuron applied at 72 g ai/ha and less did not injure or reduce grain yields of ‘Double-Cropped’ wheat. Postemergence tank mixtures of chlorsulfuron at 36 g/ha with diclofop {(±)-2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} at 1 kg/ha were more effective than other treatments for control of wild garlic (Allium vinealeL. ♯ ALLVI). ‘Forrest’ soybeans did not show any injury from chlorsulfuron residue even at rates of 72 g/ha when it was no-till seeded following winter wheat.

Weed Control During Establishment and Yield Response of Timothy (Phleum pratense)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najib Malik
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Field Pennycress ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Establishment Phase

The effects of 14 herbicide treatments, tested in the establishment phase, were investigated on timothy productivity in two field experiments conducted at Melfort, Saskatchewan. Satisfactory weed control achieved with chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron, thifensulfuron, bentazon, diclofop plus bromoxynil, and MCPA/mecoprop/dicamba during the establishment year ensured good forage establishment which in turn caused a ‘residual effect’ for 1 to 3 yr increasing individual cut as well as cumulative forage dry matter yields significantly. In the stand established in 1985, when field pennycress (97 m-2) was the dominant weed in the seedling stage, these treatments increased yields 29 to 52% over a 3-yr period. In the stand established in 1986, when common lambsquarters (27 m-2) was the dominant weed, these treatments increased cumulative yields 24 to 44%. Sethoxydim and fenoxaprop, tested alone, caused significant crop injury in both experiments.

scholarly journals Weed seedbank dynamics in maize under different herbicide regimes

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
A. Rahman ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
J. Mellsop ◽  
N. Grbavac
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Soil Seedbank ◽  
Seed Extraction ◽  
Low Levels

The influence of different herbicide regimes on the size and composition of the soil weed seedbank in maize was studied over three years Preemergence atrazine alachlor atrazine alachlor or no herbicide treatments were imposed on the same plots each year Soil samples to 100 mm depth were collected each autumn and spring and the seedbank was estimated by seed extraction and seedling emergence Data showed strong positive correlation between the two methods Soil seedbank increased dramatically by each autumn but declined by spring The total seedbank increased over three years in the no herbicide treatment Good weed control by atrazine alachlor kept seedbank density at low levels However seed numbers increased particularly in the first two years with only partial weed control using atrazine or alachlor singly A sharp increase of fathen (Chenopodium album) seeds illustrated the danger of building seedbanks of weeds which become tolerant to the strategies used

Weed Control in a Conservation Tillage Rotation in the Texas Blacklands

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Brown ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
John E. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
No Till ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate weed control systems in a conservation tillage rotation of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] – cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) – wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). Herbicide systems included fall and spring/summer inputs of high and low intensity. Tillage regimes were no-till (NT) and reduced-till (RT) systems; the latter included fall primary tillage followed by spring stale seedbed planting. Both tillage systems utilized controlled traffic lanes and wide, raised beds. Effective johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. # SORHA] control required intense herbicide inputs at one or both application periods, i.e., in the fall and/or spring/summer. Grain sorghum and cotton yields for the most intense weed control system, which included high inputs in both the fall and spring/summer, were not superior to systems that included high inputs in only one of the two application periods. Seedling johnsongrass emergence occurred before spring planting in RT (but not in NT) in 2 of 3 yr, and control measures were ineffective. After 3 yr, the predominant weeds were johnsongrass and browntop panicum (Panicum fasciculatumSw. # PANFA).

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