scholarly journals Healthcare organizations, linguistic communities, and the emblematic model of palliative care

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1529-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo R. Vasconcellos-Silva ◽  
Francisco Javier Uribe Rivera ◽  
Flávio Beno Siebeneichler
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Linguistic Communities

The linguistic-communicative paradigm offers some interesting perspectives in a context where the perception of patient needs is considered a critical step in high-quality care. This study describes healthcare organizations as linguistic communities based on the conceptual framework of Habermas' communicative action theory. Four communicative models are present in healthcare settings: objectifying-instrumental (hegemonic model), where elements of interaction are objectified for clinical purposes; dialogic model with strategic perspectives, in which conversations are used unilaterally as tools to access subjective states; non-dialogic-transmissional model, in which linguistic exchanges are replaced with artifacts to transmit information; and full communicative model (present in palliative care based in homecare and informal caregivers, emphasizing health team/family interactions). Based on these premises, we considered palliative care an emblematic communicative model based on multidisciplinary teams devoted to transdisciplinary collaboration. In these settings, linguistic interaction with patients and their families could provide a solid basis for organization of healthcare networks.

Islamic-Secular Dialogue in the Arab World

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-89
Author(s):  
Mohammed El-Msaoui
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Arab World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
Political Sphere

Many debates between Islamists and secularists have taken place in the Arab political sphere with the aim of building bridges of communication between the two actors who contributed to the transformations that have taken place in the Arab world. Despite the multiple dialogues between Islamists and secularists, conflict and tension have prevailed on both sides, with conflict taking on all forms of material and moral violence. One of the most significant indicators of the crisis in communication is the emergence of violence. That being so, this study broaches the problem using Habermas’s basic idea, which focuses on violence as a disease of human discourse and communication. According to Habermas, violence is the result of distorted discourse between fundamentalists and others; it is a distorted discourse because it does not recognize the other as it is. The study employs the Habermas communicative action theory as a central concept. Accordingly, Habermas’s theory of communication is invoked to understand the causes of the escalation of violence in the Arab political sphere.

Health system characteristics of quality care delivery: A comparative case study examination of palliative care for cancer patients in four regions in Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Sussman ◽  
Lisa Barbera ◽  
Daryl Bainbridge ◽  
Doris Howell ◽  
Jinghao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Care Utilization

Background: A number of palliative care delivery models have been proposed to address the structural and process gaps in this care. However, the specific elements required to form competent systems are often vaguely described. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore whether a set of modifiable health system factors could be identified that are associated with population palliative care outcomes, including less acute care use and more home deaths. Design: A comparative case study evaluation was conducted of ‘palliative care’ in four health regions in Ontario, Canada. Regions were selected as exemplars of high and low acute care utilization patterns, representing both urban and rural settings. A theory-based approach to data collection was taken using the System Competency Model, comprised of structural features known to be essential indicators of palliative care system performance. Key informants in each region completed study instruments. Data were summarized using qualitative techniques and an exploratory factor pattern analysis was completed. Results: 43 participants (10+ from each region) were recruited, representing clinical and administrative perspectives. Pattern analysis revealed six factors that discriminated between regions: overall palliative care planning and needs assessment; a common chart; standardized patient assessments; 24/7 palliative care team access; advanced practice nursing presence; and designated roles for the provision of palliative care services. Conclusions: The four palliative care regional ‘systems’ examined using our model were found to be in different stages of development. This research further informs health system planners on important features to incorporate into evolving palliative care systems.

Palliative Care For Patients with Advanced COPD in Primary Care

Praxis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 110 (15) ◽  
pp. 902-906
Author(s):  
Tanja Fusi-Schmidhauser
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Care ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
Advance Planning

Abstract. Patients with advanced COPD have a high symptom burden that is often multidimensional. Identification of patients who might benefit from palliative care through validated identification tools, multidimensional symptom management, and timely discussion of advance planning are elements of a palliative care approach for these patients and their families. Coordination among stakeholders providing care and support to these patients is central to ensuring high-quality care and meeting all of their needs.

scholarly journals Hybrid managers, career narratives and identity work: A contextual analysis of UK healthcare organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Bresnen ◽  
Damian Hodgson ◽  
Simon Bailey ◽  
John Hassard ◽  
Paula Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Identity Work ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Career Trajectories ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
Organizational Experiences ◽  
Hybrid Management

While hybrid managers are increasingly important in contemporary organizations (especially in the public sector), we know little about why or how they become hybrid managers, or how this is shaped by the interplay of professional experience and organizational circumstances. In pursuit of a more variegated, contextualized and dynamic understanding of hybrid management, this article focuses on how individuals transition into managerial hybrids, emphasizing the dynamic and emergent nature of hybrid management identity. Studying managers in English healthcare, we employ the concept of identity work as expressed through career narratives to examine the influence of career trajectories and organizational experiences on emerging hybrid manager identity. The study identifies three broad managerial career narratives – aspirational, ambivalent and agnostic – and relates them to experiences of doctor and nurse hybrid managers in three healthcare settings. An interpretive analysis of these narratives reveals a more variegated, situated and dynamic interpretation of hybrid managerial identities than previously considered and underscores the importance of personal and organizational experiences in shaping emergent hybrid professional/managerial identity.

scholarly journals Isomorphic Pressures and Innovation Trends in Italian Health Care Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Stefania De Simone
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Prospective Payment System ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Isomorphic Pressures

Over 20 years, hospitals in Italy as well as in other European countries have evolved and changed in response to institutional pressures. With the corporatization, there has been the entrance of new logics and governance structures that contributed to a transformation of the health system. The survival of healthcare organizations is dictated not only by the technical conditions, that allow efficiently and effectively operating, but also by the ability to comply with rules to get legitimacy from external institutional actors. Organizations in a population adapt to their environment, in which operate, so many other organizations adapting to it (isomorphism). The purpose of this paper is to discuss a theoretical framework based on neo-institutional approach that could explain the influence of isomorphic pressures on innovative processes in health care sector. Qualitative data from literature on neo-institutional theory applied to health care sector have been analyzed. Findings reveal institutional pressures stimulate the development of innovations and organizational learning. This concept concerns both the fit of the organization with its environment (strategic matters) and effective implementation of strategies. Hospitals must find ways to increase profit, by improving medical capabilities for payment health care services. One of the most important isomorphic pressure is the prospective payment system for health care that had effects on the choices of organizational models to adopt. The challenge for hospital administrators is to seek consistency between efficiency and quality care.

scholarly journals Evaluation of palliative care knowledge among health care students- A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1433-1437
Author(s):  
Ganapathy Sankar U. ◽  
Monisha R. ◽  
Christopher Amalraj Vallaba Doss ◽  
Palanivel R. M.
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Occupational Therapy Students ◽  
Detailed Instruction ◽  
Study Population

Palliative care is given much importance in the curriculum of medical and health sciences. Before planning a new design and curriculum development, it is mandatory to test the knowledge and awareness of Occupational therapy students on palliative care. Thus it will help the expert’s panel to enhance the syllabus designing methods appropriate to the student’s knowledge.  Without paying much attention to enhance knowledge on palliative care among students might lead to failure in providing quality care. To evaluate the knowledge in palliative care among undergraduate occupational therapy students. The study population included BOT 1ST Year and BOT Final year students and CRI from SRM College OF Occupational therapy, Kattankulathur. After obtaining informed consent signed from the participants, they have been instructed to fill in the questionnaire. The questionnaire has demographic data and 35 questions under nine groups, for which the students were instructed to answer (Yes, No, Don’t know). A detailed instruction was there in the questionnaire to avoid leaving any questions blank. It was found that occupational therapy students were aware of palliative care. Knowledge in palliative care was not precise among occupational therapy students related to healthcare. Hence there is an emerging need to include palliate care in the curriculum for the development of knowledge in palliative care.

scholarly journals Islamic Activism and Habermas' Theory of Strategic Action: a Case of Parade Tauhid in Jakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Islam And Politics ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Islamic Activism

Capturing the case of Parade Tauhid in Indonesia, this paper aims to describe embodied relationship between religion (Islam) and politics. As part of social action, Islamic activism provides variety of contention which is practiced in the name of Islam: ideologically, structurally, and purposely. Within his explanation of communicative action theory, Habermas acknowledges what so-called as strategic action which can be defined as every action oriented to success under the aspect of rational choice and assess the efficacy of influencing decisions or positions of rational opponent. In this context, Parade Tauhid is perceived to be conducted for reaching several political and theological purposes based on rational choices, although it is practiced by performing religious event. This paper attempts to describe definition of Islamic activism, explore the event of Parade Tauhid, and analyze the parade using Habermass theory of strategic action.Keywords: Islamic activism, Parade Tauhid, and strategic action.

scholarly journals Instrument for Measuring Patient Safety Culture: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-176
Author(s):  
Yumna Nur Millati Hanifa ◽  
Inge Dhamanti
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Just Culture ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Four Dimensions

The implementation of safe and quality care with attention to patient safety, requires organization’s effort to create and cultivating patient safety culture. The purpose of this article was to map the instruments used in measuring patient safety culture in healthcare organizations. The method used integrated literature review from various sources of research articles published from 2015 to 2020. The article included if it was available in full text and open access as well as articles described the instruments of patient safety culture or measurement of patient safety culture using one of the instruments of measurement of patient safety culture. The results of the literature review unravel the findings of three instruments such as HSOPSC (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture), MaPSaF (Manchester Patient Safety Assessment Framework) and SAQ (Safety Attitudes Questionnaire). We concluded all three instruments contained four dimensions of patient safety culture, namely open culture, just culture, reporting culture and learning culture and were widely used to measure patient safety culture in hospitals, primary health facilities and other health facilities.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Dynamics of the Legitimation Processes of Innovations in Open Source Software:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soran Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rational Persuasion ◽  
Validity Claims ◽  
Action Type ◽  
Influence Tactic ◽  
Bug Fixes

Within the Open Source Software (OSS) literature, there is a lack of studies addressing the legitimation processes of innovations that are born in OSS. This study sets out to analyze the legitimation processes of innovations within the deliberations of the Drupal project. The data set constitutes 52 rational deliberation cases discussing innovations that were proposed by members of the community. Habermas’s Ideal Speech Situations (ISS) is used as the framework to view Drupal’s rational deliberations from; in fact within the 52 cases that are examined in this thesis, there were no violations to the guidelines of the ISS in the deliberations. The Communicative Action Theory, Influence Tactics theory and the theory of Validity Claims are aspects of the framework that is used to code and analyze the conversations. These aspects allow for an effective conceptualization of the dynamics of the Drupal deliberations. This thesis was able to find that legitimation processes of innovations in open source software were influenced by the type, complexity and implications of the innovations on the rest of the community. Also, bug fixes, complex innovations and innovations that have implications on the rest of the software will result in a long (in terms of number of comments) legitimation process. Also, it is empirically backed in this study that in open deliberations that aim at achieving mutual understanding towards a common goal, the communicative action type and the rational persuasion influence tactic are the most common methods for innovators to interact with the community.

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