scholarly journals Should pediatric parenteral nutrition be individualized?

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Renata Germano Borges de Oliveira Nascimento Freitas ◽  
Roberto José Negrão Nogueira ◽  
Margareth Lopes Galvão Saron ◽  
Alexandre Esteves Souza Lima ◽  
Gabriel Hessel
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
World Health ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In The Beginning

INTRODUCTION: Parenteral nutrition (PN) formulations are commonly individualized, since their standardization appears inadequate for the pediatric population. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional state and the reasons for PN individualization in pediatric patients using PN, hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Campinas, São Paulo.METHODS: This longitudinal study comprised patients using PN followed by up to 67 days. Nutritional status was classified according to the criteria established by the World Health Organization (WHO) (2006) and WHO (2007). The levels of the following elements in blood were analyzed: sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, chloride, magnesium, inorganic phosphorus, and triglycerides (TGL). Among the criteria for individualization, the following were considered undeniable: significant reduction in blood levels of potassium (<3mEq/L), sodium (<125mEq/L), magnesium (<1mEq/L), phosphorus (<1.5mEq/L), ionic calcium (<1mmol), and chloride (<90mEq/L), or any value above the references.RESULTS: Twelve pediatric patients aged 1 month to 15 years were studied (49 individualizations). Most patients were classified as malnourished. It was observed that 74/254 (29.2%) of examinations demanded individualized PN for indubitable reasons.CONCLUSION: The nutritional state of patients was considered critical in most cases. Thus, the individualization performed in the beginning of PN for energy protein adequacy was indispensable. In addition, the individualized PN was indispensable in at least 29.2% of PN for correction of alterations found in biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTION TO ANTIBIOTICS COMMONLY PRESCRIBED IN THE HOSPITALIZED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malarkodi Velraj,
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
World Health ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Medication Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: Antibiotics are the almost usually specified or authorized medication in hospitals, and antibiotics were found to be the almost bothersome classes of drugs providing or endowing to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, the present study was conducted to check or regulate the precautions (ADRs) of antibiotics usually specified or authorized in the pediatrics unit. Methods: A potential, experimental, non-interventionist study was conducted or executed in the Department of Pediatrics for a time of 6 months to analyze the ADRs reported spontaneously from the hospital using patient statistics, objective and medication information, data of ADRs, onset time, causal drug details, outcome, and severity. Results: Among 72 ADRs observed, beta-lactams and quinolones were set up to be contributing the highest number of ADRs. The duct or abdominal system was the almost commonly affected organ, followed by respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. The assessment by the World Health Organization causation estimation scale demonstrated that 5.56% ADRs were certain, 55.56% were possible, 30.56% were probable, and 8.33% were unlikely. Conclusion: Thus, the pattern of ADRs occurring in the pediatric population was observed and assessed. Early recognition and management of ADRs are essential to reduce the burden of ADRs

scholarly journals Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Classroom sebagai Metode Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Mirza Ghulamudin Ghulamudin ◽  
Maufur ◽  
Beni Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In The Beginning

Covid-19 has now attacked Indonesia, where the spread of the disease is very fast. Not only in Indonesia, but all corners of the world are currently experiencing a health crisis. In the beginning, the spread of Covid-19 had an impact on economic activity which began to sluggish. This also has an impact on the education system in Indonesia. Until several countries decided to close schools and universities. In an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends temporarily stopping activities that would potentially cause crowds. Even during the outbreak, covid-19 in Indonesia, there were many ways that the government did to prevent its spread through social distancing. Kemendikbud instructed through the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) Directorate of Higher Education Circular No. 1 of 2020 concerning the prevention of the spread of covid-19 in the world of Education to organize distance learning and advise students to learn from their homes. Teachers and students are starting to be required to follow the current situation by using technology as a distance learning medium. One of the media that is being favored by teachers as a learning medium is the Google Classroom application. This application is an application that can make it easier for students and teachers to create effective learning. Given that students today are a generation who are very familiar with the use of technology. The use of technology in learning is an alternative method used by teachers during the Covid-19 Pandemic.

scholarly journals A cluster of rubella in Malta, December 2007 - January 2008

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Spiteri ◽  
A-M Fenech Magrin ◽  
M Muscat
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
World Health ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Travel Abroad ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Control

A cluster of rubella has been identified by the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit (IDCU) of Malta in the beginning of January 2008. Two men and a woman aged between 23 and 28 years were affected. The index case had onset of illness on 23 December 2007. The second case had onset of rash on 3 January and the third case displayed symptoms on 6 January 2008. Two of the three cases were laboratory-confirmed (IgM positive), the third displayed typical symptoms and was a close contact of a laboratory-confirmed case but was IgM and IgG negative. None of the affected patients had received vaccination against rubella and there was no history of recent travel abroad. All three cases were linked through a work place. Blood samples were submitted to the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Luxembourg, for further investigations. None of the cases had any complications. To date no further cases have been identified.

scholarly journals Oral treprostinil in transition or as add-on therapy in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 204589401985647 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dunbar Ivy ◽  
Jeffrey A. Feinstein ◽  
Delphine Yung ◽  
Mary P. Mullen ◽  
Edward C. Kirkpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
World Health ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Health Organization

Treprostinil, a prostacyclin analogue, is approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in adults. Transition from parenteral to oral treprostinil has been successfully accomplished in adults with PAH but not in children. In this multicenter study, pediatric patients treated with parenteral (Cohort 1) or inhaled (Cohort 2) treprostinil were transitioned to oral treprostinil. Prostacyclin-naïve individuals on background oral PAH therapy received oral treprostinil as add-on therapy (Cohort 3). Successful transition was oral treprostinil dose maintenance through week 24. Patients were monitored for adverse events (AEs), 6-min walk distance (6MWD), PAH symptoms, World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class (FC), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and quality of life through 24 weeks. A total of 32 patients were enrolled in the study; 23 (72%) were girls (mean age = 12.2 years). All patients were on background oral PAH therapy. Overall, patients (96.9%) maintained transition to oral treprostinil; one patient (Cohort 1) transitioned to oral treprostinil, then back to parenteral after experiencing syncope and WHO FC change from II to III. Cohorts 1, 2, and 3 received a final mean oral treprostinil dose of 5.6, 3.3, and 4.5 mg t.i.d., respectively. All cohorts had variable changes in 6MWD, cMRI, and CPET. Overall, 12 serious AEs were reported. All patients had drug-related AEs including headache (81%), diarrhea (69%), nausea (66%), vomiting (66%), and flushing (56%). Pediatric patients maintained transition to oral treprostinil with preservation of exercise capacity and WHO FC. Prostanoid-related AEs were most common and similar to those reported in adults.

Pediatric Brain Tumors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Ramaswamy ◽  
Jason T. Huse ◽  
Yasmin Khakoo
Keyword(s):  
Rare Variants ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Pediatric Brain Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Aggressive Histology ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Near Future

Cerebellar astrocytoma of childhood most commonly refers to cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma, a World health Organization (WHO) Grade I tumor. However, on occasion cerebellar astrocytomas may demonstrate more aggressive histology including fibrillary astrocytomas, pilomyxoid astrocytomas, and rarely malignant lesions. In the near future, the diagnosis of cerebellar astrocytomas will be simplified by molecular analysis for BRAF fusions rather than a purely morphological approach. The emergence of next-generation sequencing can be expected to identify single nucleotide variations and further expand our understanding of both pilocytic astrocytomas as well as rare variants that occur in the cerebellum. Therapies targeting BRAF (B-raf protooncogene) are currently in clinical trial for adult malignancies and will eventually reach the pediatric population, allowing a targeted approach to recurrent and surgically inaccessible cases of pilocytic astrocytomas.

Myocarditis Prevalence in Paediatric Dengue Infection: A Prospective Study in Tertiary Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-608
Author(s):  
Sarah Buntubatu ◽  
Endy P Prawirohartono ◽  
Eggi Arguni
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Awareness of cardiac involvement in dengue infection has potentially valuable management implications. To determine the prevalence of myocarditis in dengue severity, we conducted prospective study of paediatric dengue illness at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from period of July 2015 to May 2016. World Health Organization (WHO) Dengue Guideline 2011 classification system was used. Diagnosis of dengue infection was made based on either by dengue serology and/or NS1 test. Myocarditis was assessed based on elevation of cardiac enzymes, as creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), Troponin I (TnI) and by electrocardiography (ECG). Proportion between groups was compared using the Fisher’s exact test. We analysed 50 children with diagnosis of dengue fever (DF), 12 of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and 23 of dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Myocarditis diagnosed in 53%, 75% and 96% of DF, DHF and DSS, respectively. We found that myocarditis was more prevalent significantly in DSS than DF (p = 0.003).

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Migraine Disability among Female Migraine Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munvar Miya Shaik ◽  
Norul Badriah Hassan ◽  
Huay Lin Tan ◽  
Siew Hua Gan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Health Organization

Background. Disability caused by migraine may be one of the main causes of burden contributing to poor quality of life (QOL) among migraine patients. Thus, this study aimed to measure QOL among migraine sufferers in comparison with healthy controls.Methods. Female diagnosed migraine patients (n= 100) and healthy controls (n=100) completed the Malay version of the World Health Organization QOL Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Only migraine patients completed the Malay version of the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire.Results. Females with migraines had significantly lower total WHOQOL-BREF scores (84.3) than did healthy controls (91.9,P<0.001). Similarly, physical health (23.4 versus 27.7,P<0.001) and psychological health scores (21.7 versus 23.2,P< 0.001) were significantly lower than those for healthy controls. Seventy-three percent of patients experienced severe disability, with significantly higher number of days with headaches (13.8 days/3 months,P< 0.001) and pain scores (7.4,P< 0.013). Furthermore, migraine patients with lower total QOL scores had 1.2 times higher odds of having disability than patients with higher total QOL scores.Conclusions. The present study showed that migraine sufferers experienced significantly lower QOL than the control group from a similar population. Disability was severe and frequent and was associated with lower QOL among the migraine patients.

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