scholarly journals Lack of repair of rat skull critical size defect treated with bovine morphometric protein bound to microgranular bioabsorbable hydroxyapatite

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ramalho Ferreira ◽  
Tania Mary Cestari ◽  
José Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
Rumio Taga
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Post Surgery

The ability of a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic proteins bound to synthetic microgranular hydroxyapatite (BMPb-HA) to stimulate bone repair was determined in rat critical size defects. An 8-mm diameter defect was created in the calvaria of 25 rats. In 15 rats, the defects were filled with BMPb-HA homogenized with blood (experimental group), and in 10 rats the defects were filled only with blood clots (control). The calvariae of experimental rats were collected 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery and of the control rats at the end of surgery and 6 months thereafter. The morphometric results obtained in the radiographs showed an absence of new bone formation at 1 and 3 months post-surgery and, histologically, the defects were filled with fibrous connective tissue and numerous foci of a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction around hydroxyapatite agglomerates. At the end of 6 months, the number and size of the granulomatous foci decreased and the area of the defects was reduced by 22% compared to the 0-hour control due to the formation of new bone at their borders, although the mean area was similar to the 6-month control. We conclude that the use of BMPb-HA in the treatment of critical size bone defects of the rat skull leads to the formation of a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction that markedly inhibits new bone formation, suggesting that synthetic microgranular hydroxyapatite does not represent a good carrier for BMP-induced bone formation.

scholarly journals Osseous Healing in Surgically Prepared Bone Defects Using Different Grafting Materials: An Experimental Study in Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvas Titsinides ◽  
Theodore Karatzas ◽  
Despoina Perrea ◽  
Efstathios Eleftheriadis ◽  
Leonidas Podaropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Regeneration of large jaw bone defects still remains a clinical challenge. To avoid incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process. This study comparatively evaluated new bone formation among a synthetic graft substitute, a human bone derivative, and a bovine xenograft. Materials were placed in 3 out of the 4 bone cavities, while 1 deficit was left empty, serving as a control, in mono-cortical defects, surgically prepared in the porcine calvaria bone. Animals were randomized in 2 groups and euthanized at 8 and 12 weeks. Harvested tissue specimens were qualitatively evaluated by histology. New bone formation was quantitatively measured by histomorphometry. Maximum new bone formation was noticed in defects grafted with beta-tricalcium phosphate b-TCP compared to the other bone substitutes, at 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Bovine and human allograft induced less new bone formation compared to empty bone cavity. Histologic analysis revealed that b-TCP was absorbed and substituted significantly, while bovine and human allograft was maintained almost intact in close proximity with new bone. Based on our findings, higher new bone formation was detected in defects filled with b-TCP when compared to bovine and human graft substitutes.

INFLUENCE OF ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION ON NEW BONE FORMATION INDUCED BY BOVINE BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN

2000 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Tarmo Pekkarinen ◽  
T. Sam Lindholm ◽  
Aulis Marttinen ◽  
Oili Hietala ◽  
Pekka Jalovaara
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Oxide Concentration ◽  
Different Temperatures

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have the capacity to induce and accelerate bone regeneration. Before experimental and clinical settings, BMP must be sterilized. Ethylene oxide (EO) gas sterilizations at different temperatures are commonly used but the effects of that on the osteoinductive capacity of BMP have been the subject of controversy. Here, we investigated the effects of three different EO sterilization methods on the osteoinductivity of partially purified native bovine BMP (bBMP). Gelatin capsules containing 3 mg of bBMP were sterilized as follows: (i) manually inside a dessicator with 12% EO spray (20°C, exposure time 2 h); (ii) with an EO gas sterilizer (Steri-Vac 4XL, temperature 29°C, exposure time 4 h 10 min, ethylene oxide concentration 860 mg/l); (iii) with an EO gas sterilizer (Steri-Vac 5XL, temperature 42°C, exposure time 3 h, ethylene oxide concentration 700 mg/l). The sterilization processes were monitored with samples of Bacillus subtilis (3M, Attest 1264). Osteoinductivity of bBMP was verified by bioassay. After 21 days of implantation of bBMP into the muscle pouches of mice, the animals were killed and new bone formation was measured radiographically and histologically. The EO sterilization techniques used did not significantly decrease the osteoinductive activity of BMP. It is concluded that commercial EO gas equipment sterilization is effective for sterilized BMP and does not decrease the osteoinductive capacity of bovine BMP.

scholarly journals Alveolar wound healing after implantation with a pool of commercially available bovine bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs): a histometric study in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeu Felipe Elias Calixto ◽  
Juliana Mazzonetto Teófilo ◽  
Luiz Guilherme Brentegani ◽  
Teresa Lúcia Lamano-Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Bovine Collagen ◽  
Histologic Pattern ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
And Control

The capacity of a commercially available pool of bovine bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) to stimulate osteogenesis in the rat alveolar healing was investigated by histometric analysis. Male rats were anesthetized and had their upper incisor extracted. A pool of purified bovine BMPs adsorbed to microgranular resorbable hydroxyapatite was agglutinated with bovine collagen and saline before implantation into the alveolar socket. The implanted and control rats (n=30 per group) were sacrificed 1 to 9 weeks postoperatively, the hemi-maxillae were decalcified, processed for paraffin embedding and semi-serial longitudinal sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The volume fraction of alveolar healing components was estimated by a differential point-counting method in histologic images. The results showed that in both, control and implanted rats, the alveolar healing followed the histologic pattern usually described in the literature. Quantitative data confirmed that the BMPs mixture did not stimulate new bone formation in the alveolar socket of implanted rats. These results suggest that the pool of BMPs adsorbed to hydroxyapatite and agglutinated with bovine collagen did not warrant incorporation of the osteoinductive proteins to a slow-absorption system that would allow a BMPs release rate compatible to that of new bone formation, and thus more adequate to osteoinduction.

scholarly journals Growth and Morphogenetic Factors in Bone Induction: Role of Osteogenin and Related Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Craniofacial and Periodontal Bone Repair

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Ripamonti ◽  
A. Hari Reddi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Bone Induction ◽  
New Bone Formation

Bone has considerable potential for repair as illustrated by the phenomenon of fracture healing. Repair and regeneration of bone recapitulate the sequential stages of development. It is well known that demineralized bone matrix has the potential to induce new bone formation locally at a heterotopic site of implantation. The sequential development of bone is reminiscent of endochondral bone differentiation during bone development. The collagenous matrix-induced bone formation is a prototype model for matrix-cell interactions in vivo. The developmental cascade includes migration of progenitor cells by chemotaxis, attachment of cells through fibronectin, proliferation of mesenchymal cells, and differentiation of bone. The bone inductive protein, osteogenin, was isolated by heparin affinity chromatography. Osteogenin initiates new bone formation and is promoted by other growth factors. Recently, the genes for osteogenin and related bone morphogenetic proteins were cloned and expressed. Recombinant osteogenin is osteogenic in vivo. The future prospects for bone induction are bright, and this is an exciting frontier with applications in oral and orthopaedic surgery.

scholarly journals Collagenated Porcine Heterologous Bone Grafts: Histomorphometric Evaluation of Bone Formation Using Different Physical Forms in a Rabbit Cancellous Bone Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Rui I. Falacho ◽  
Paulo J. Palma ◽  
Joana A. Marques ◽  
Maria H. Figueiredo ◽  
Francisco Caramelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Femoral Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Bone Particle ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

Collagenated porcine-derived bone graft materials exhibit osteoconductive properties and the development of different formulations intends to enhance bone regeneration. This study aims to evaluate bone healing in a rabbit cancellous bone defect in response to grafting with different physicochemical forms of heterologous porcine bone. Twenty-six adult male New Zealand White rabbits received two critical size femoral bone defects per animal (n = 52), each randomly assigned to one of the five tested materials (Apatos, Gen-Os, mp3, Putty, and Gel 40). Animals were sacrificed at 15- and 30-days post-surgery. Qualitative and quantitative (new bone, particle and connective tissue percentages) histological analyses were performed. Histomorphometry showed statistically significant differences in all evaluated parameters between mp3 and both Putty and Gel 40 groups, regardless of the timepoint (p < 0.05). Moreover, statistical differences were observed between Apatos and both Putty (p = 0.014) and Gel 40 (p = 0.007) groups, at 30 days, in regard to particle percentage. Within each group, regarding new bone formation, mp3 showed significant differences (p = 0.028) between 15 (40.93 ± 3.49%) and 30 (52.49 ± 11.04%) days. Additionally, intragroup analysis concerning the percentage of particles revealed a significant reduction in particle occupied area from 15 to 30 days in mp3 and Gen-Os groups (p = 0.009). All mp3, Gen-Os and Apatos exhibited promising results in terms of new bone formation, thus presenting suitable alternatives to be used in bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Organic Bovine Graft Associated With PRP In Rabbit Calvaria

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Lara Maria Alencar Ramos ◽  
Jonas Dantas Batista ◽  
Darceny Zanetta-Barbosa ◽  
Paula Dechichi ◽  
Flaviana Soares Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Organic Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Summary Introduction: Repairing large bone defects is a huge challenge that reconstructive surgery currently faces. Objective: The objective of this study was to perform the histological evaluation of bone repair in rabbit calvaria when using bovine bone graft (Gen-ox-organic®) associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Method: 12 rabbits were used and two bone fragments were bilaterally removed from calvaria. Then, 24 surgical sites were randomly divided into 3 groups: coagulum (group I), organic (group II) and PRP-included organic (group III). After four weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the grafted area removed, fixed in 10% formalin with PBS 0.1 M, and embedded in paraffin. Study method: The analyzed histological parameters were: defective area filled with the newly-formed bone, graft's giant cells and particles, as well as the new bone formation associated with the particles. Group I's defects were filled with fibrous tissue attaching the periosteum and revealed a little bone formation peripherally. In both groups II and III, a similar standard was noticed in addition to the absence of graft particles and giant cells. There was no significant difference in the number of giant cells, graft particles and new bone formation around the particles between the grafted material and the PRP-related group. Conclusion: The results achieved indicate that the organic biomaterial neither separately nor jointly with PRP improves bone regeneration.

3D scaffold induces efficient bone repair: in vivo studies of ultra-structural architecture at the interface

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (96) ◽  
pp. 93768-93776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Sagar ◽  
Atul Kumar Singh ◽  
Mayur K. Temgire ◽  
S. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
Alok Dhawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Critical Size Defect ◽  
Structural Architecture

Biodegradable designer 3D scaffold bridges critical size defect and induces new bone formation as revealed by ssNMR, SEM, EDX and μ-CT in rabbit tibial model during healing. No growth factor was needed due to chemical and microstructural cues.

scholarly journals Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Carriers, and Animal Models in the Development of Novel Bone Regenerative Therapies

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3513
Author(s):  
Nikola Stokovic ◽  
Natalia Ivanjko ◽  
Drazen Maticic ◽  
Frank P. Luyten ◽  
Slobodan Vukicevic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Segmental Bone ◽  
Posterolateral Spinal Fusion ◽  
Regenerative Therapies ◽  
Observation Period

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) possess a unique ability to induce new bone formation. Numerous preclinical studies have been conducted to develop novel, BMP-based osteoinductive devices for the management of segmental bone defects and posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF). In these studies, BMPs were combined with a broad range of carriers (natural and synthetic polymers, inorganic materials, and their combinations) and tested in various models in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, sheep, and non-human primates. In this review, we summarized bone regeneration strategies and animal models used for the initial, intermediate, and advanced evaluation of promising therapeutical solutions for new bone formation and repair. Moreover, in this review, we discuss basic aspects to be considered when planning animal experiments, including anatomical characteristics of the species used, appropriate BMP dosing, duration of the observation period, and sample size.

scholarly journals The use of solvent-preserved human and bovine cancellous bone blocks for lateral defect augmentation - an experimental controlled study in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Schorn ◽  
Tim Fienitz ◽  
Kathrin Berndsen ◽  
Norbert R. Kübler ◽  
Henrik Holtmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Substitute Material

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material in laterally augmented alveolar bone defects using allogeneic, pre-treated and cleaned human bone blocks (tested in dogs, therefore considered to be xenogeneic), and pre-treated and cleaned bovine cancellous bone blocks, both with and without a collagen membrane in order to evaluate their augmentative potential. Methods Thirty-two critical size horizontal defects were prepared in the mandible of 4 adult foxhound dogs (8 per dog, 4 on each side). After 3 months of healing, the defects were laterally augmented in a split-mouth-design with either human (HXB) or bovine solvent-preserved bone blocks (BXB). Afterwards, defects were randomly covered with a bovine collagenous membrane (HXB + M, BXB + M). After a healing interval of 6 months, percentages of new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material were compared. Results Results showed little new bone formation of up to 3.7 % in human bone blocks (HXB 3.7 % ± 10.2, HXB + M 0.3 %± 0.4, BXB, 0.1 % ± 0.8, BXB + M 2.6 % ± 3.2, p = > 0.05). Percentages of fibrous encapsulation were higher in human bone blocks than in bovine bone blocks (HXB 71.2 % ± 8.6, HXB + M 73.71 % ± 10.6, BXB, 60.5 % ± 27.4, BXB + M 52.5 % ± 28.4, p = > 0.05). Resorption rates differed from 44.8 % in bovine bone blocks covered with a membrane to 17.4 % in human bone blocks (HXB 17.4 % ± 7.4, HXB + M 25.9 % ± 10.7, BXB, 38.4 % ± 27.2, BXB + M 44.8 % ± 29.6, p = > 0.05). The use of additional membranes did not significantly affect results. Conclusions Within its limitations, results of this study suggest that solvent-preserved xenogenic human and bovine bone blocks are not suitable for lateral bone augmentation in dogs. Furthermore, defect coverage with a membrane does not positively affect the outcome.

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