scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and nitrogen levels on qualitative and nutritional aspects of fig-trees (Ficus carica L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B.T. Hernandez ◽  
J.C. Modesto ◽  
M.A. Suzuki ◽  
L.S. Corrêa ◽  
K. Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Fig Trees

In order to evaluate qualitative and nutritional aspects of fig-trees with respect to six irrigation and six nitrogen levels, at Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil, an experiment was carried out in randomized blocks, with subdivided plots, and four replications. Results showed that in four dates during harvest, only the first analysis (January 2, 1991) showed influence of nitrogen fertilization on fruit soluble solids (brix). There was no significant effect of treatments on pulp/peel relation for the four harvestings. In relation to leaf macronutrient concentration at flowering, water supply influenced N, P and Ca concentrations, and nitrogen influenced only Ca concentration. For an average of 10 t.ha-1 of mature fruit and 1.3 t.ha-1 of immature fruit production, there was a nutrient export of about 65 kg.ha-1 of N; 10 kg.ha-1 of P2O5; 44 kg.ha-1 of K2O; 35 kg.ha-1 of Ca and 9 kg.ha-1 of Mg.

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term

2009 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gajewski ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Anna Sereda ◽  
Marta Bajer ◽  
Agnieszka Kuczkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Nitrates Content

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest TermIn 2007-2008 the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest term on quality of two carrot cultivars was investigated. The field experiment was carried out in Żelazna Experimental Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Karotan F1and Trafford F1cultivars, commonly grown for juice industry, were the objects of the experiment. Carrot seeds were sown at the beginning of May. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in five rates, ranged from 0 to 120 kg·ha-1and in two terms — before sowing and in the middle of growing season. Roots were harvested in three terms: mid-September, mid-October and the first decade of November. After harvest there were determined: nitrates (NO3) content in carrot roots and juice, soluble solids, colour parameters of juice in CIE L*a*b*system. The dose and the term of nitrogen fertilization influenced nitrates content in carrots, and the highest NO3concentration was found in carrots fertilized with 120 kg·ha-1of N before sowing. Karotan showed higher nitrates accumulation than Trafford. The content of nitrates in the roots was markedly higher than in carrot juice. Nitrates content in carrots decreased with delaying of harvest time, in opposite to soluble solids content. Soluble solids content and colour parameters of carrot juice were not affected by nitrogen fertilization, but the lowest L*, a*and b*values were observed at the last term of harvest.

EFFECT OF CULTIVATION AND NITROGEN ON FRUIT QUALITY, YIELD AND COLOR OF McINTOSH APPLES GROWN IN IRRIGATED GRASS SOD COVER CROP

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Plot Design

Nitrogen treatments from 0.15 to 0.90 kg of nitrogen and cultivation treatments from zero to three shallow rotovations were applied in a split-plot design to 30-year-old McIntosh apple trees growing in irrigated grass sod.Fruit quality was very largely unaffected by the treatments. Pressure test after harvest was reduced from 6.61 to 6.44 kg (P = 0.10) as nitrogen increased. Number of rots increased from 2.7 to 3.9 per 60-fruit sample with increasing nitrogen. Titratable acidity and soluble solids after harvest and pressure test, titratable acidity, soluble solids, stem-cavity browning and core flush in tests after storage were all unchanged. In addition, none of these tests were affected by cultivation except pressure test, which decreased with more cultivation (P = 0.10).Yield was not changed by either the nitrogen or the cultivation treatments, and terminal length increased only slightly with more cultivation. However, nitrogen concentration in the leaf was increased from 1.90 to 1.98% by the nitrogen treatments and from 1.83 to 1.98% by increasing cultivation. Extra Fancy grade was reduced and C grade increased by increasing nitrogen (P = 0.10), but cultivation had no effect.The conclusion is drawn that grass sod can very largely eliminate the effect of widely different nitrogen fertilization levels on McIntosh apple, and that moderate cultivation changes this effect only slightly. In many mature orchards of high initial fertility, nitrogen fertilizer may be required in only small amounts or even not at all for optimum fruit color.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic characteristics of three Brachiaria brizantha cultivars submitted to nitrogen fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos F Silva ◽  
Edson M. V Porto ◽  
Dorismar D Alves ◽  
Cláudio M.T Vitor ◽  
Ignacio Aspiazú
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Leaf Elongation Rate ◽  
Leaf Appearance Rate ◽  
Leaf Appearance

This study aims to evaluate the morphogenetic characteristics of three cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha subjected to nitrogen fertilization. The design was a randomized block in factorial arrangement 4x3; three cultivars of B. brizantha - Marandu, Piatã, Xaraés and four nitrogen levels - 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg/ha, with three replications. The experimental units consisted of plastic pots filled with 5 dm3 of soil. Thereupon the establishment fertilization, varieties were sowed directly in the pots, leaving, after thinning, five plants per pot. Forty-five days after planting, it was done a standardization cut at 10 cm tall. Nitrogen levels were distributed according to the treatments, divided in three applications. The morphogenetic characteristics were evaluated in three tillers per sampling unit and data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. For all evaluated characteristics there was no interaction between factors cultivar and nitrogen levels, verifying only the effects of nitrogen on the variables leaf appearance rate and phyllochron. The dose 240 kg/ha of N corresponds to the greater leaf appearance rate. Cultivar Marandu shows the higher leaf blade: pseudostem and ratio of leaf elongation rate and elongation pseudostem, which favors higher forage quality.

scholarly journals The effect of using grafted seedlings on the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in greenhouses 

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Soare ◽  
Maria Dinu ◽  
Cristina Babeanu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study was aimed at observing the effect of the grafting of tomato plants on morphological (vegetative growth), production and nutritive characteristics (quantity and quality of production). For this purpose, the ‘Lorely F1’ cultivar was used as a scion grafted onto the ‘Beaufort’ rootstock. Plants were cultivated with a stem and two stems. The observations collected in this study were concerned with the characteristics of plant growth. The studied morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, and the studied production characteristics were the characteristics of fructification and productivity (the average number of fruit per plant, the average weight of the fruit, production per plant). Particular attention was paid to the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, to the fruit quality (total soluble solids, total sugar, acidity, vitamin C, antioxidant activity (by the Trolox method) and the contents of lycopene and beta-carotene). The results showed that grafting positively influenced the growth and production characteristics. Grafting of tomato plants had an appreciable effect on the vegetative growth of the variant 2-grafted tomatoes with a stem. The best option in terms of productivity and production was the variant 3-grafted tomatoes with two stems, which yielded 9.2 kg per plant. Fruit quality was not improved in any of the grafted variants. 

scholarly journals Production and quality of melon hybrid Mandacaru irrigated with different levels of salinity

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Cleuma de Medeiros ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Francisco Aécio de L Pereira ◽  
Sonally Cristina de M Silva ◽  
Maria das Graças Amâncio
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Solids Content

Among the problems faced by the melon crop in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil, the effect of water and soil salinity is considered one of the key factors to limit fruit production and quality. The aim of this work was to study the effects of using irrigation waters with different salinity levels on yield and quality of fruits of the yellow melon hybrid Mandacaru. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments (irrigation water salt concentrations: 0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03, 3.9 dS m-1) and four replications. The effects of these concentrations were evaluated through, number of marketable fruits per plant, marketable and total fruit yield, average marketable fruit mass, soluble solids content and pulp firmness. Increment in water salinity level negatively influenced crop yield. The 3.9 dS m-1 salinity level caused yield losses of 20.31%, due to the reduction of fruit number per plant. The highest soluble solid content and the highest pulp firmness values were estimated to occur at salinity levels 2.09 and 3.5 dS m-1, respectively.

scholarly journals PRODUTIVIDADE DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR FERTIRRIGADA COM DOSES DE N E INOCULADAS COM BACTÉRIAS DIAZOTRÓFICAS

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
William José Dellabiglia ◽  
Glauber José de Castro Gava ◽  
Adolfo Bergamo Arlanch ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Boas ◽  
Heitor Cantarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
E Mail

PRODUTIVIDADE DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR FERTIRRIGADA COM DOSES DE N E INOCULADAS COM BACTÉRIAS DIAZOTRÓFICAS*     WILLIAM JOSÉ DELLABIGLIA¹; GLAUBER JOSÉ DE CASTRO GAVA²; ADOLFO BERGAMO ARLANCH3; ROBERTO LYRA VILLAS BOAS4; HEITOR CANTARELLA5 E RAFFAELLA ROSSETTO6     * Artigo extraído da Dissertação do primeiro autor 1 Faculdade de Tecnologia de Botucatu (FATEC-BT), Av. José Ítalo Bacchi, s/n, Botucatu – SP – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Pesquisador, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), Rodovia SP 304, Km 304, Jaú, SP - Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Irrigação e Drenagem, Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘‘Júlio Mesquita Filho’’ - UNESP/FCA, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Botucatu, SP - Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Professor Doutor do Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘‘Júlio Mesquita Filho’’ - UNESP/FCA, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Botucatu, SP - Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 5 Pesquisador, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), Av. Barão de Itapura, 1481, Campinas, SP – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 6 Pesquisadora, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia (APTA), Rodovia SP 127, km 30, Piracicaba, SP – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da inoculação de bactérias diazotróficas e da fertilização nitrogenada na produtividade e qualidade tecnológica da cana-de-açúcar (cana-planta), nos manejos: irrigado por gotejamento subsuperficial e de sequeiro.  O experimento foi conduzido na Unidade de Pesquisa Hélio de Moraes, do IAC, no município de Jaú, SP, (22°17’ S 48°34’ O, em Latossolo Vermelho). A variedade de cana-de-açúcar foi a RB92579. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, composto por fatorial de 2 manejos de irrigação: irrigado (I) e não irrigado (NI), 2 manejos de inoculação: com inoculação (Inoc) e sem inoculação (Não inoc) com bactérias diazotróficas (BDs); e com 4 níveis de disponibilidade de nitrogênio (0, 70, 140 e 210 kg ha-1 de N), compondo assim 16 tratamentos com 4 repetições. O experimento teve duração de 365 dias, quando então foram realizadas as análises tecnológicas e determinou-se a produtividade de colmos (TCH) e de açúcar (TPH). A cana-de-açúcar elevou sua produtividade com a elevação das doses de nitrogênio. Nos tratamentos irrigados essa elevação foi maior comparando-se com os tratamentos não irrigados.   Palavras-chave: Saccharum spp.; gotejamento subsuperficial; adubação nitrogenada; fixação biológica do nitrogênio.     DELLABIGLIA, W. J.; GAVA, G. J. C.; ARLANCH, A. B.; BOAS, R. L. V.; CANTARELLA, H.; ROSSETTO, R. SUGARCANE YIELD FERTIGATION MANAGEMENT WITH DOSES OF N AND INOCULATED WITH DIAZOTROPHIC BACTERIA 2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria and nitrogen fertilization on yield and technological quality of sugarcane (cane plant), in the following managements: irrigated by subsurface drip and rainfed. The experiment was conducted at Hélio de Moraes Research Unit, of IAC in the municipality of Jaú, SP, (22 ° 17 'S 48 ° 34' O, Rhodic). The variety of sugarcane was RB92579. The experimental design was randomized blocks, composed by factorial of two irrigation management systems: irrigated (I) and non-irrigated (NI); and two-inoculation managements: with inoculation (Inoc) and without inoculation (No inoc) with diazotrophic bacterias (BDs); and 4 availability levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 140 and 210 kg ha-1 de N),  thus forming 16 treatments with 4 replications. The experiment lasted 365 days when then technological analysis was performed and determined sugarcane stalk yield (TCH) and sugar yield (TPH). The sugarcane raised its productivity with rising nitrogen levels. In irrigated treatments this increase was higher compared with non-irrigated treatments.   Keywords: Saccharum spp., subsurface drip, nitrogen fertilization, nitrogen biological fixation.  

scholarly journals The influence of different moisture contents and nitrogen levels on the formation of empty cavities in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Elkner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Empty Cavity

Empty cavities were found already in very young cucumber fruits with diameter 1.5 cm. As the fruit develops the empty cavities augment and the number of fruits showing this defect increases. Low soil moisture and high nitrogen fertilization favour the formation of empty cavities. Their origination and changes were traced with anatomical methods in the course of fruit development. As a most plausible cause of their origination the author considers the enlargement of only part of the cells of the suture between the two (or three) carples. Due to this uneven enlargement of neighbouring cells strong mechanical tension probably arises amoung them, leading to the formation of ruptures separating these cells, consequently causing the separation of the carpel edges. Besides that, some of the cells of the suture which have markedly enlarged, often burst which also contributes to the formation of an empty cavity and enlarges its dimensions.

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation in Peach Orchards under Water Scarcity Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Canatário Duarte ◽  
Abel Veloso ◽  
António Ramos ◽  
Dora Ferreira ◽  
Maria Paula Simões
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Production

The irrigation patterns in two peach orchards, located in the central eastern region of Portugal, called “Beira Interior”, and the effect of different amounts of irrigation on the total production and fruit quality were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in 2016, in two different orchards, and included three treatments correspondent to three different flow rates per tree: 8, 12 and 16 l/hour. The water balance, which included the water supplied by rain and irrigation and the crop evapotranspiration, was developed. At harvest, crop production, pulp firmness and percentage of the total soluble solids were evaluated. There were no significant differences between treatments in the average production per tree. However, in one of the orchards production increased with the volume of irrigation. In the same orchard, fruit firmness decreased with the increasing water supply. Total soluble solids had decreased with the increasing water supply in both orchards, probably as a consequence of the dilution effect due, directly, to the water incorporated in the fruits, or, indirectly, to the larger fruits produced by the trees that were irrigated more. In general, the treatments used in this study as well as in the farmers’ practices, the supplied water was in deficit, but the farmers tend empirically to follow closely the evolution of evapotranspiration. Keywords: Deficit irrigation, Peach tree, Production, Total soluble solids, Fruit firmness

scholarly journals Melon fruit yield and quality as a function of doses and times of biostimulant application

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e130973911
Author(s):  
Roberto Cleiton Fernandes de Queiroga ◽  
Zaqueu Lopes da Silva ◽  
Odair Honorato Oliveira de ◽  
Elidayane da Nóbrega Santos ◽  
Higínio Luan Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Fruit Mass

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and quality of melon fruits as a function of the dose and time of application of biostimulant in the conditions of the semi-arid region of Paraíba. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande, campus of Pombal - PB, Brazil, in a randomized block design in a 4 x 5 split plot scheme, with doses of biostimulant (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1, 5 and 2.0 L ha-1) and in the subset of the biostimulant application times (15; 20; 25 and 30 days before harvest - DAC), in four replications. Characteristics related to fruit production and quality were evaluated. There was no interaction between the factors of dose and application time of the biostimulant in any of the evaluated characteristics. Thus, the highest estimated values of number of fruits per plant, fruit mass and total melon production were obtained with the application of doses ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 L ha-1 and at the time of application it varied from 22,5 to 23.6 DAC. The content of soluble solids increased 5.5% when the biostimulant dose of 2.0 L ha-1 was used and 4.4% when the product was applied 15 days before harvest.

scholarly journals Sweet Corn Ontogeny in Response to Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Nahid Jafarikouhini ◽  
Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini ◽  
Thomas R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Phenological Sensitivity ◽  
Water Treatments

To achieve optimum quality, sweet corn should be harvested at the milking stage, therefore understanding of plant phenology could be the most important aspects for economic return in this crop. Phenological sensitivity to the environment could be especially important in the management of water and nitrogen. In the current research, sweet corn ontogeny in two years was monitored in response to irrigation and nitrogen fertility: three water regimes and five nitrogen levels. The results showed that nitrogen and water application significantly affected duration in sweet corn between emergence and silking. As nitrogen and water level was increased, the days and cumulative temperature units (TU, °C) from sowing to silking significantly increased. In 2014, sowing to silking ranged from 66 days equal to 1035 TU with deficit water and nitrogen treatment to 72 days equal to 1140 TU at full irrigation and highest nitrogen treatment. In 2015, the range of sowing to silking was from 67 days equal to 1090 TU, to 73 days equal to 1180 TU. In contrast, neither nitrogen nor water treatments had a large influence on the duration of the silking to milking period. Across the two years the duration of silking to milking was approximately 506 TU. Therefore, once silking date had been resolved harvest date of sweet corn could be readily predicted independent of water or nitrogen treatment as occurring about 506 TU following silking.

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