Antibiotic resistence of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) and Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

One of the most important problems involving treatments with antibiotics against Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from fishes is that antibiotic resistance develops readily. The antimicrobial activity of chemotherapeutants in isolates from pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disk method, over Mueller-Hinton surface agar previously inoculated with 100 µL of bacterial suspensions. After regular incubation, isolates from tilapia and pacu were uniformly resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, lincomycin, novobiocin, oxacillin, penicillin, and trimetoprim+sulfametoxazole. The A. hydrophila type strain presented resistance to the same antimicrobial substances and also against rifampicin; the bacterial isolate from pacu were the only strain resistant to tetracyclin. Isolates from both pacu and tilapia had intermediate reaction with erytromycin. The use of drugs in commercial fish farms in Brazil can favor the development of resistant bacterial strains in native fish species as already observed for exotic species, commercially produced for longer time.

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Pathological, bacteriological and seasonal prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila, vibrio vulnificus, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; infecting Oreochromis niloticus in some Egyptian fish farms

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries ◽

10.21608/ejabf.2020.108585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 467-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Islam Elgohary ◽

Jehan I. Abd Elatief ◽

Nasser G. Fadel ◽

Alaa E. Eissa ◽

Mahmoud A. Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Vibrio Vulnificus ◽

Seasonal Prevalence ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Fish Farms

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VAKSIN KERING BEKU SEL UTUH BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MOTILE AEROMONADS SEPTICEMIA PADA IKAN LELE, NILA, DAN GURAMI

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur ◽

10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.159-167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Desy Sugiani ◽

Taukhid Taukhid ◽

Uni Purwaningsih ◽

Angela Mariana Lusiastuti

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Vaccine Efficacy ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Management Control ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Freshwater Aquaculture ◽

Vaccine Product ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Water Based

Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk pencegahan penyakit infeksius pada budidaya ikan. Produk vaksin yang tersedia saat ini masih berbasis produk cair (water based vaccines), yang memiliki kekurangan dalam stabilitas produk yang tidak tahan lama jika disimpan dalam suhu ruang dan keterbatasan dalam tranportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode preparasi sediaan produk vaksin sel utuh Aeromonas hydrophila dalam bentuk kering beku (freeze dried) untuk pengendalian penyakit pada ikan lele (Clarias sp.), nila (Oreochromis niloticus), dan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy). Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat produk vaksin kering beku pada suhu -100°C, uji mutu, uji keamanan, dan uji efikasi. Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan produk vaksin kering beku yang aman diaplikasikan pada ikan lele, nila, dan gurami, serta dapat menginduksi peningkatan level titer antibodi. Sediaan vaksin sel utuh A. hydrophila dengan metode kering beku dapat mereduksi berat produk vaksin cair 100 g menjadi serbuk sebesar 4,2 g. Efikasi vaksin menghasilkan tingkat sintasan relatif (RPS/relative percent survival) pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) 45,83%; ikan lele (Clarias sp.) 70%; dan ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) 31,67%. Vaksin kering beku sel utuh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila paling efektif diberikan pada ikan lele untuk mencegah penyakit Motile Aeromonads Septicemia.Vaccination is one of the most effective methods to prevent disease outbreaks and distribution in aquaculture. Commercial fish vaccine products are mainly available in liquid-based products (water-based vaccines), which have several limitations such as stability issues of the products (durability) when stored at room temperature, bulky packaging, and transportation complexity during distribution. This study aimed to develop a method of vaccine preparation using the freeze-dried method as part of the management control of Aeromonads septicemia disease in freshwater aquaculture. The study consisted of several stages: the first stage was the production of freeze-dried Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine product at -100°C. The second stage was vaccine quality test followed by the third stage which was vaccine efficacy test. This research produced frozen dried vaccine products that were considered safe to be applied to catfish, tilapia, and gourami, and could increase the antibody titer. The formation of the whole cell vaccine of A. hydrophila using the freeze-dried method could reduce the weight of the liquid form of the vaccine product from 100 g to a powder weighing only 4.2 g. The results of the vaccine efficacy test showed the relative percent survivals (RPSs) of Clarias sp., Oreochromis niloticus and Osphronemus gouramy were 70%, 45.83%, and 31.67%, respectively. Freeze dried vaccine of whole cells Aeromonas hydrophila are most effective in catfish to prevent Motile Aeromanads Septicemia.

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Time-dependent hematological responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus exposed to an estuarine contaminated water

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e20710615715

Author(s):

Aline Raquel Gomes Guerra ◽

Ursulla Pereira Souza ◽

Rafael Mendonça Duarte ◽

Fábio Cop Ferreira ◽

José Reinaldo Oliveira Conceição ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Biological Assay ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Estuarine Water ◽

Fish Farms ◽

Commercial Fish

We aimed to study hematological responses of Oreochromis niloticus experimentally exposed to the contaminated water of the Santos-São Vicente Estuary, testing hypotheses that exposure time to estuarine water promotes deleterious effects on hematological parameters and evaluating the use of erythrocytes and leukocytes alterations as environmental biomarkers. Estuarine water was collected from Largo da Pompeba. For the biological assay, 28 juveniles of O. niloticus (red strain) of both genders were randomly selected from commercial pisciculture. For the biological assay, 28 juveniles of O. niloticus of both sexes were randomly selected from commercial fish farms. The juveniles were kept in estuarine water for 72 and 120 hours and, after exposure, blood was collected by puncture of the caudal vein to determine total erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, hematimetric indices and total leukocytes, as lymphocyte, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were quantified by blood extensions. To test exposure overtime on hematological variables, we performed a two-factor Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Exposure for 72 hours resulted in immunosuppression as seen by the reduced counts of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes in the bloodstream, whereas after 120 hours the immune system was stimulated with the increase of all leukocyte cell types. Exposure to estuarine water resulted in marked changes in the leukocyte count of O. niloticus, demonstrating that alterations in white blood cells might be more sensitive biomarkers than red blood parameters.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Iron-Halide Complexes Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

10.26434/chemrxiv.11864934.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nusrat Abedin ◽

Abdullah Hamed A Alshehri ◽

Ali M A Almughrbi ◽

Olivia Moore ◽

Sheikh Alyza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Extracellular Dna ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antimicrobial Substances ◽

Mammalian Cell Lines

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become one of the more serious threats to the global health. The emergence of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial substances decreases the potencies of current antibiotics. Consequently, there is an urgent and growing need for the developing of new classes of antibiotics. Three prepared novel iron complexes have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 3.5 to 10 mM and 3.5 to 40 mM against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with antimicrobial resistance phenotype, respectively. Time-kill studies and quantification of the extracellular DNA confirmed the bacteriolytic mode of action of the iron-halide compounds. Additionally, the novel complexes showed significant antibiofilm activity against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains at concentrations lower than the MBC. The cytotoxic effect of the complexes on different mammalian cell lines show sub-cytotoxic values at concentrations lower than the minimum bactericidal concentrations.

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The effect of vaccination in controling bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.0.0.2014.7302 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Arne A Ratulangi ◽

Reiny Tumbol ◽

Hengky Manoppo ◽

Henneke Pangkey

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Different Ages ◽

Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia

This study aims to apply vaccination against bacterial disease. The purpose of vaccination is to trigger the immune respone both non-specific and specific of fish against bacteria Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The vaccination for fish with different ages: 2-3 weeks and 5 weeks were done using immersion method. The fish were re-vaccinated (booster) after two weeks of the first vaccination. The survival rate was < 50 % for juveniles 2-3 weeks and > 50% for juveniles 5 weeks. Survival rate for juveniles 5 weeks was higher than juveniles of 2-3 weeks. This shows that organs of juveniles of 5 weeks were more complete than the 2-3 weeks juveniles. The age of fish is one of the important factors for successfully vaccination. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penerapan vaksinasi terhadap penyakit bakterial. Vaksinasi ditujukan untuk merangsang respon kekebalan non- spesifik dan spesifik pada tubuh ikan terhadap penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Vaksin diberikan pada benih ikan nila yang berbeda umur yaitu 2-3 minggu dan 5 minggu dengan menggunakan metode perendaman. Ikan divaksinasi ulang (booster) setelah 2 (dua) minggu dari vaksinasi yang pertama. Prosentase kelangsungan hidup < 50 % untuk benih umur 2-3 minggu dan > 50% untuk benih umur 5 minggu. Jumlah kematian benih umur 2-3 minggu lebih tinggi dari 5 minggu. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa fungsi organ benih umur 5 minggu telah lebih lengkap dari pada benih umur 2-3 minggu. Umur ikan merupakan salah satu faktor penting penentu keberhasilan suatu kegiatan vaksinasi.

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STUDIES ON SOME BACTERIAL DISEASES IN OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO TREATMENT

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal ◽

10.35943//mvmj.2018.19.1414 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 39-47

Author(s):

Viola Zaki ◽

Ahmed EL-gamal ◽

Yasmin Reyad

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Hydropic Degeneration ◽

Total Prevalence

he present research carried out to study the common bacterial infections in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Manzala area at Dakahlia governorate and possible antimicrobial agents used for treatment. A total number of 400 fish were randomly collected from Manzala private farms at Dakahlia governorate and subjected to the clinical, bacteriological and histopathological examination. The highest prevalence of bacterial isolates during the whole period of examination of naturally infected O.niloticus was recorded for A.hydrophila (22.66%), followed by V.alginolyticus (19.01%), V.parahemolyticus (13.80%), Streptococcus spp. (12.24%), A.caviae (11.72%), V.cholera (10.16%), A.salmonicida (7.55%), while the lowest prevalence was recorded for Klebsiella oxytoca (2.86%). The seasonal highest total prevalence of bacterial isolates from examined naturally infected O. niloticus was recorded in spring (30.21%), followed by autumn (28.39%), then summer (22.40%) and the lowest prevalence was recorded in winter (19.01%). Histopathological findings of the tissue samples which collected from different organs of naturally infected O.niloticus revealed that spleen show marked hemosiderosis and sever hemorrhage, gills showsever congestion of lamellar capillaries with marked aneurysm, necrosis and hemorrhage of lamellar epithelium and liver show sever hydropic degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic against all isolated bacterial strains

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Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal ◽

10.35943/mvmj.2020.21.311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 61-66

Author(s):

Ola Hashem ◽

Viola Zaki ◽

Rawia Adawy

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Fungal Species ◽

High Rate ◽

Fish Farms ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

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