scholarly journals Physical and chemical aspects of transient stages of the upwelling at southwest of Cabo Frio (Lat. 23ºS - Long. 42ºW)

1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argeo Magliocca ◽  
Luiz Bruner de Miranda ◽  
Sergio Romano Signorini
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Upwelled Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Upwelling Event ◽  
Cabo Frio

An upwelling event was observed during February 1971 in the coastal region between Cabo Frio and Saquarema Point. Isolated upwelled water observed on a first survey, with a temperature of 17ºC, oxygen concentration of 4.2 ml/liter and inorganic phosphate concentration of 0.6 µg-at/liter, cleanly indicating its subsurface origin, was replaced, after a period of four to seven days, by coastal water with a temperature of 22ºC, oxygen concentration of 5.0 ml/liter and inorganic phosphate concentration of less than 0.3 µg-at,/liter. The evidence indicates that this replacement took place due to an eastward coastal current with a maximum velocity of nearly 5.0 nautical miles per day. The subsurface distribution of the chemical and physical properties indicates that the upwelling occurred mostly in the narrowest portion of the continental shelf.

A Rarely Witnessed Summertime Upwelling Event northwest off the Hainan Island

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Jun Pan ◽  
Fang-fang Kuang ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Xu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Tidal Mixing ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Upwelled Water ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Upwelling Event

<p>A field survey revealed a rare realization of upwelling event in the northwestern Hainan Island (UNWHI) on July 24, 2015. Model experiments suggest that the UNWHI is not locally generated, but can be treated as northward extension of the upwelling southwest off Hainan Island (USWHI) under favorable wind conditions. Therefore, presence of the USWHI is vital for the UNWHI occurrence. Tidal mixing is testified to be the primary driving force for the USWHI, whilst southerly winds plays an essential role in the induction of the UNWHI. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the UNWHI is not a stable, but intermittent coastal upwelling system. Shallow basin of the Beibu Gulf makes the interior circulation vulnerable to local monsoon changes. Given the favorable southerly winds, a cyclonic gyre northwest off Hainan Island will be induced and which, leads to northward coastal current and consequently, the UNWHI is to be formed due to the northward transport of the USWHI. Conversely, the UNWHI vanishes during northerly winds period, because the basin-scale anticyclonic gyre results in a southward current west off the Hainan Island and which, acts to push the upwelled water of the USWHI offshore and away from the northwestern Hainan Island. In addition, our diagnostics indicates that contributions from surface heat fluxes to the UNWHI occurrence is negligible. Besides, it also reminds us that application of a high-frequency, much closer to reality wind field is necessary for the coastal upwelling simulation. </p>

scholarly journals Short Communication: Community of phytoplankton in peatland canal, Riau, and wet dune slacks of Parangtritis, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisa Mawarni ◽  
Firda Nabila Nur Azizah ◽  
Heni Wahyu Sartika ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto ◽  
Dwinda Mariska Putri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Water Sampler ◽  
Dune Slacks ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Synedra Acus ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Temperature Water ◽  
Special Region

Abstract. Mawarni A, Azizah FNN, Sartika HW, Hadisusanto S, Putri DM, Reza A. 2020. Short Communication: Community of Phytoplankton in peatland canal, Riau, and wet dune slacks of Parangtritis, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1874-1879. The ecosystems of peatland canal and wet dune slacks have specific characteristics for phytoplankton community. This study aimed to elaborate on the distribution and abundance of phytoplankton community in peatland canal of Sungai Tohor Village, Meranti Islands, Riau and wet dune slacks of Parangtritis, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Phytoplankton was collected using a 2-L modified Van Dorn water sampler. In peatland, canal phytoplankton was sampled at 3 different locations, each with 5 repetitions. Meanwhile, in wet dune slacks, phytoplankton was sampled at 5 locations, each with 3 repetitions. Phytoplankton samples were filtered with Wisconsin plankton-net 120 mesh and fixed with 3 drops of formaldehyde 4%. The measured physical and chemical factors were air temperature, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, carbon dioxide, pH, depth, transparency, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate concentration. The results showed that the distribution and abundance of phytoplankton community in wet dune slacks were greater than those of the peatland community. This research found 18 species of phytoplankton in peatland canal, dominated by Synedra acus and 116 species of phytoplankton in wet dune slacks, dominated by Cyclotella meneghiniana. 

scholarly journals Biophysical interactions in the Cabo Frio upwelling system, southeastern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Augusto Coelho-Souza ◽  
Maria Soledad López ◽  
Jean Remy Davee Guimarães ◽  
Ricardo Coutinho ◽  
Rogério Nader Candella
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Upwelled Water ◽  
Biophysical Interactions ◽  
Cabo Frio

The rising of cold water from deeper levels characterizes coastal upwelling systems. This flow makes nutrients available in the euphotic layer, which enhances phytoplankton production and growth. On the Brazilian coast, upwelling is most intense in the Cabo Frio region (RJ). The basic knowledge of this system was reviewed in accordance with concepts of biophysical interactions. The high frequency and amplitude of the prevailing winds are the main factor promoting the rise of South Atlantic Central Water, but meanders and eddies in the Brazil Current as well as local topography and coast line are also important. Upwelling events are common during spring/summer seasons. Primary biomass is exported by virtue of the water circulation and is also controlled by rapid zooplankton predation. Small pelagic fish regulate plankton growth and in their turn are preyed on by predatory fish. Sardine furnishes an important regional fish stock. Shoreline irregularities define the embayment formation of the Marine Extractive Reserve of Arraial do Cabo making it an area with evident different intensities of upwelled water that harbors high species diversity. Consequently, on a small spatial scale there are environments with tropical and subtropical features, a point to be explored as a particularity of this ecosystem.

PLASMA INORGANIC PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION AND HYPERVENTILATION IN THE DOG

1948 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert S. Campbell ◽  
E. B. Brown ◽  
Frank Gollan
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Concentration

The Effect of Calcium and Phosphate on the Biphasic Calcium Uptake by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ermier ◽  
Wilhelm Hasselbach
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Uptake ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
External Calcium

Abstract The amplitude of the fast uptake and the initial rate of the slow uptake increase with in­ creasing free calcium concentrations, up to 30 μᴍ. In that range, both processes are correlated to each other. At higher concentrations, the slow uptake is more inhibited than the fast uptake. The fast uptake shows a maximum amplitude which remains unchanged in the presence of phosphate. The slow uptake leads to a nearly complete depletion of the external calcium, and its rate is proportional to the phosphate concentration, even at physiological range. The sarcoplasmic ATPase liberates inorganic phosphate and the slow uptake

Evidence for thermally mediated settlement in lobster larvae (Homarus americanus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1641-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Annis ◽  
Carl J. Wilson ◽  
Robert Russell ◽  
Philip O. Yund
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Size Increase ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Successful Recruitment ◽  
Behavioral Avoidance

We examined the potential for bottom temperatures ≤12 °C to inhibit successful recruitment of planktonic lobster postlarvae to the benthos. In laboratory trials, postlarvae held at 11 °C exhibited higher mortality, slower development, and reduced size increase at molt relative to postlarvae held at 13 °C. We sampled at field sites within Machias Bay, Maine (mean bottom temperature 12.39 °C, 46.1 degree-days ≥12 °C) and at the mouth of the bay (mean bottom temperature 11.57 °C, 5.1 degree-days ≥12 °C), where temperature was influenced by the cold Eastern Maine Coastal Current (EMCC). We found significantly higher settlement at the warm inshore site but, the abundance of competent planktonic postlarvae was not significantly different between sites, indicating a disconnect between postlarval abundance and settlement. Regional sampling of newly settled lobsters revealed a pattern of higher settlement at inshore sites extending across a broader coastal region impacted by the EMCC. Our results suggest that small differences in water temperature may shape settlement patterns through either behavioral avoidance of colder settlement sites or elevated postsettlement mortality of postlarvae settling at colder sites.

The Quality of Marine Water Around a Sewage Outfall

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Al-Muzaini ◽  
M. Beg ◽  
K. Muslamani ◽  
M. Al-Mutairi
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Foul Smell ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A major sewage outlet located close to Shuwaikh Harbor discharges raw and treated water from the Al-Ardhiya sewage treatment plant, as well as raw sewage from a pumping station. It also receives input from Kuwait International Airport. The area has been spotted for its characteristic foul smell mainly because of stagnant water at the outlet. Therefore, samples were collected from eleven fixed stations at high tide and six stations at low tide to examine water quality parameters, NO3, NO2, NH3, SO4, S2, PO4, BOD, COD, TOC and heavy metals Pd, V, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cr, Cu, and total fecal coliform. The results of the physical and chemical analyses for both high-and low-tide samples along with microbiological analyses indicate that the Shuwaikh marine area is polluted. The pollution is high near the discharge point and decreases with distance. The data revealed a lower level of chemical pollutants and fecal counts at high tide than at low tide. This is mainly because of the dilution caused by incoming seawater at high tide. Although tidal movement helps reduce pollution in the area, for improvement of the situation to the desired level, biological wastewater treatment is suggested to remove most of the organic matter before discharge. Also, extension of the discharge outfall pipe to the open sea area would help reduce trapping of effluent in the coastal region and check fouling in the area.

Effect of palmitoyl-CoA and β-oxidation of fatty acids on the kinetics of mitochondrial citrate transporter

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surinder Cheema-Dhadli ◽  
Mitchell L. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Citrate Transporter ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the hepatic mitochondrial citrate transporter were studied using 1,2,3-benzene tricarboxylate and the inhibitor-stop technique at 8 °C. The apparent Km for this transporter was 250 μM and the maximum velocity was 2 nmol of citrate transported per minute per milligram of mitochondrial protein. This apparent Km was increased when hepatic mitochondria were preincubated with both L-palmitoylcarnitine and CoA-SH but not with either alone. This rise in apparent Km was accompanied by a rise in the acid insoluble CoA-SH content. Removal of mitochondrial acid insoluble CoA by 'defatted albumin' resulted in a parallel decrease in the apparent Km. The apparent Km for the citrate transporter was increased after coupled β-oxidation of L-palmitoylcarnitine or octanoate without a detectable increase in acid insoluble CoA. Inhibition of β-oxidation of L-palmitoylcarnitine by the D-derivative prevented the rise in the apparent Km. Preincubation with ATP resulted in an increase in this apparent Km. When L-palmitoylcarnitine oxidation occurred without ATP accumulation (hexokinase, glucose, ADP, and inorganic phosphate) the apparent Km for the citrate transporter increased two- to threefold.Therefore, the apparent Km for the citrate transporter varied directly with the acid insoluble CoA content. In addition, this Km was increased as a result of β-oxidation of fatty acids but the mechanism was not solely attributable to a rise in acid insoluble CoA or ATP. The physiological implications of these findings are discussed.

POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PRODUCTION BY OSMOPHILIC YEASTS: EFFECT OF OXYGEN TENSION AND INORGANIC PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
Ping Shu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Tensions ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Very High

A study was made of the effects of oxygen tension and inorganic phosphate concentration on the production of glycerol, arabitol, and ethanol by a strain of osmophilic yeast. Increasing the oxygen tension increased the yields of glycerol and arabitol and decreased the yield of ethanol, while increasing the concentration of inorganic phosphate had the opposite effect.The changes in yields of products with increasing phosphate concentration were most pronounced at a partial pressure of oxygen of 280 mm. of mercury. At lower oxygen tensions the yields of polyols were low and the yield of ethanol was high at all concentrations of phosphate, while at very high oxygen tensions the opposite effect was observed. When the ethanol yield was high, the respiratory quotient was also high. These results are discussed in relation to the oxidative phosphate-lack theory of the Pasteur effect.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal responsiveness of in vitro tomato root lines is not related to growth and nutrient uptake rates

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Labour ◽  
Mario Jolicoeur ◽  
Marc St-Arnaud
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Uptake Rates

Variability in growth and nutritional dynamics of in vitro tomato hairy root lines and their relationship with responsiveness to mycorrhizal colonization were studied. Four tomato cultivars were transformed with three Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains to obtain several hairy root lines, which were compared for growth and receptivity to Glomus intraradices. Four transformed hairy root lines were further characterized and compared with excised roots of the nontransformed tomato cultivar 'Cobra' and with Ri-T-DNA carrot hairy roots. Lines were compared during 4 months on minimal medium in terms of growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal colonization. In a subexperiment, the cultures were grown on a modified minimal medium to assess the contribution of initial inorganic phosphate concentration in mycorrhizal susceptibility of the three initially nonreceptive lines. On minimal medium, growth and nutrient uptake rates were highly correlated, but both were unrelated to mycorrhizal receptiveness. All the lines successfully established the symbiosis when the initial phosphate concentration was significantly reduced. No association was found between the origin of lines from the different tomato cultivar – bacterial strain combinations and the absence of symbiosis establishment on minimal medium. Decrease of inorganic phosphate concentration at the beginning of the culture was a key factor involved in precolonization steps of mycorrhizal symbiosis.Key words: Glomus intraradices, hairy roots, Lycopersicon esculentum, mycorrhizal responsiveness, root nutrition, inorganic phosphate.

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