scholarly journals Height, weight, weight change and risk of breast cancer in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelise Bezerra de Vasconcelos ◽  
Gulnar Azevedo e Silva Mendonça ◽  
Rosely Sichieri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
State University ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Incident Cases

CONTEXT: The relationship between body size and breast cancer still remains controversial in considering menopausal status. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of height, weight and weight changes with breast cancer in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). SAMPLE: 177 incident cases of invasive breast cancer admitted to the main hospital of INCA between May 1995 and February 1996, and 377 controls recruited from among female visitors to the same hospital. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Height and weight were measured and information on maximum weight, weight at ages 18 and 30 years, and potential risk factors were ascertained by interview at the hospital. RESULTS: Height was not related to risk of breast cancer among both pre and postmenopausal women. Nevertheless, women in this study were shorter than in studies that have found a positive association. Premenopausal women in the upper quartile of recent body mass index (BMI) and maximum BMI showed a reduced risk of breast cancer (P for trend <= 0.03). Weight loss between ages 18 and 30 years and from 18 years to present was also associated with breast cancer among premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may merely indicate the known association between leanness and breast cancer. Further studies should explore the role of weight loss on breast cancer risk.

Association between dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer in Chinese female population: a latent class analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Shang Cao ◽  
Shurong Lu ◽  
Jinyi Zhou ◽  
Zheng Zhu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Soy Foods

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine if specific dietary patterns are associated with breast cancer risk in Chinese women. Design: Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify generic dietary patterns based on daily food-frequency data. Setting: The Chinese Wuxi Exposure and Breast Cancer Study (2013-2014). Participants: A population-based case-control study (695 cases, 804 controls). Results: Four dietary patterns were identified, Prudent, Chinese traditional, Western, and Picky, the proportion in the controls and cases were 0.30/0.32/0.16/0.23 and 0.29/0.26/0.11/0.33, respectively. Women in Picky class were characterized by higher extreme probabilities of non-consumption on specific foods, the highest probabilities of consumption of pickled foods, and the lowest probabilities of consumption of cereals, soy foods, and nuts. Compared with Prudent class, Picky class was associated with a higher risk (OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.06, 1.90), while the relevant association was only in post- (OR=1.44, 95%CI=1.01, 2.05) but not premenopausal women. The Western class characterized by high-protein, -fat, and -sugar foods, the Chinese traditional class characterized by typical consumption of soy foods and white meat over red meat, both of them showed no difference in BC risk compared with Prudent class did. Conclusions: LCA capture the heterogeneity of individuals embedded in the population, could be a useful approach in the study of dietary pattern and disease. Our results indicated that the Picky class might have a positive association with the risk of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Binge Drinking and Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the SUN (‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’) Project

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Itziar Gardeazabal ◽  
Andrea Romanos-Nanclares ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Incident Cases

Alcohol intake is associated with the risk of breast cancer. Different patterns of alcohol-drinking may have different effects on breast cancer even when keeping constant the total amount of alcohol consumed. We aimed to assess the association between binge drinking and breast cancer risk. The SUN Project is a Spanish dynamic prospective cohort of university graduates initiated in 1999. In the 556-item lifestyle baseline questionnaire a validated food-frequency questionnaire was embedded. Participants completed biennial follow-up questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer associated with the exposure to binge drinking. A stratified analysis was performed according to menopausal status. We included 9577 women (mean age = 34 years, SD = 10 years), with a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Among 104,932 women-years of follow-up, we confirmed 88 incident cases of breast cancer. Women in the binge drinking group showed a higher risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03–2.99) compared to women in the non-binge drinking category. In the stratified analysis, a 2-fold higher risk for premenopausal breast cancer was associated with binge drinking habit (HR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.11–3.82). This study adds new evidence on the association of binge drinking with breast cancer risk.

Weight changes in breast cancer survivors who received adjuvant antiestrogen therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6588-6588
Author(s):  
B. M. Harris ◽  
A. C. Broxson ◽  
L. A. Anderson ◽  
J. G. Engelbrink ◽  
M. A. Zalewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Antiestrogen Therapy ◽  
Post Menopausal

6588 Background: Antiestrogen therapy has dramatically improved breast cancer survival rates but weight gain may be problematic. Studies evaluating antiestrogen therapy-related weight gain have yielded mixed results. Our primary objective was to evaluate weight changes in female breast cancer survivors (BCS) who received adjuvant anti-estrogen therapy for stage 0-III breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate weight changes in female chemo naive BCS receiving anti-estrogen therapy. Weights at initiation of hormonal therapy and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up were recorded. Median weight changes were calculated and were compared with Wilcoxon's signed rank test or the Kurskall-Wallis test. Results: A total of 622 women were included. The majority were white (77%), had stage I disease (78%), and were postmenopausal (82%). The median age at diagnosis was 59 years (range, 26–87). Median weight at initiation of hormonal therapy among premenopausal women was 65 kg (range 45.4–122.9). Median weight gain in this group was 0.4 kg (p = 0.009), 0.7 kg (p = 0.013), 1.9 kg (p = 0.0001), and 2.4 kg (p < 0.0001) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months respectively. Among post-menopausal women, median weight at initiation of therapy was 71.7 kg (range 41.5–152.0) and median weight gain was 0.5 kg (p < 0.0001), 1 kg (p < 0.0001), 0.85 kg (p = 0.001), and 0.85 kg (p = 0.004) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months respectively. Premenopausal patients had significantly more weight gain at 24 (p = 0.041) and 36 months (p = 0.005), as compared to postmenopausal patients. Among premenopausal women, 110/111 were treated with tamoxifen. Among post-menopausal women (n = 510), hormonal therapy was as follows: unknown n = 28 patients, tamoxifen n = 312, and AI n = 170. Overall, BCS treated with tamoxifen vs an AI had significantly more weight gain at 24 (p = 0.003) and 36 months (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Premenopausal patients are at higher risk for weight gain than postmenopausal patients. Further prospective research is warranted examining weight gain as a long-term side effect of anti-estrogen therapy in BCS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients

Breast Care ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann H. Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Premenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Breast Cancer Outcomes

Evidence has long demonstrated that premenopausal women obtain the greatest benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy overall, with risk reduction increasing with decreasing age. The chemoendocrine effect of chemotherapy has only more recently been documented as impacting on outcomes for women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, and recent data have elucidated the optimal strategies for manipulating the menopausal status to improve disease outcomes, without necessarily including cytotoxic chemotherapy. Still, many premenopausal women will require adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, and the effects of treatment on women diagnosed with breast cancer in the premenopausal setting can have important implications both on their breast cancer outcomes and on comorbidities and psychosocial outcomes. This article describes the most recent information and issues surrounding the indications, effects, and special considerations for adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal women with breast cancer, in an effort to inform their care.

scholarly journals Value of Procollagen Type I Aminoterminal Propeptide in Women with Breast Cancer with regard to Metastases

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clouth ◽  
G. M. Oremek
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Involvement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Procollagen Type ◽  
Sites Of Metastases

Background. The aim of this study was to show the importance of the bone marker procollagen type 1 aminoterminal propeptide (P1NP) in detecting bone metastases in women suffering from breast cancer. We furthermore investigated to what degree P1NP is correlated to the degree of bone metastases, and if P1NP is increased in patients with metastases other than bone. Patients and Methods. We analyzed 80 serum samples of women (17 premenopausal/63 postmenopausal) with breast cancer. Therefore we used a specific immunoassay “ELECSYS 2010” by Roche Diagnostics. We divided our group of patients with regard to menopausal status, sites of metastases and number of bone metastases. Results. As a result we found higher concentrations of P1NP in women with radiologically confirmed bone metastases (median: 125.75 ng/mL) in comparison to the collective without bone involvement (median: 73.61 ng/mL). However, both groups showed values above the applied cutoff values of median 27.8 ng/mL for premenopausal women and median: 37.1 ng/mL for the postmenopausal group due to the fact that all patients had cancer. Furthermore higher P1NP concentrations were found in women with more than 5 sites of bone metastases (median: 183.9 ng/mL) than in patients with only one site of bone metastases (median: 37 ng/mL). Also patients with no bone involvement but other sites of metastases showed quite high P1NP concentrations (median: 73.61 ng/mL). Conclusion. The marker of bone turnover procollagen type 1 aminoterminal propeptide can be considered as a useful tool for estimating the extent of bone involvement and for the detection of bone metastases. P1NP cannot replace conventional methods for detecting bone metastases such as radiological methods but it can help clarify unclear radiological results. This study does not take into account the change of P1NP concentration during the course of therapy.

scholarly journals Adherence to the low carbohydrate diet and the risk of breast Cancer in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Sasanfar ◽  
Fatemeh Toorang ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Previous studies on the link between macronutrients and breast cancer have mostly focused on individual macronutrients rather than their combination. This study investigates the association between adherence to a low carbohydrate diet and odds of breast cancer among women. Methods This hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 412 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer within the past year and 456 apparently healthy controls that were matched in terms of age and residential place. Dietary data was collected using a 168-item validated FFQ. Participants were classified in terms of quintiles of percentages of energy intake from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Then, individuals in the highest quintile of fat and protein intake were given a score of 5 and those in the lowest quintile of these macronutrients were given a score of 1. Participants in the other quintiles of these macronutrients were given the corresponding score. In terms of carbohydrate intake, those in the highest quintile received a score of 1 and those in the lowest quintile received 5. The scores were then summed up to calculate the total low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score, which varied from 3 to 15. A higher score meant greater adherence to a low carbohydrate diet. Results The mean age of study participants was 45.2 y and mean BMI was 28.4 kg/m2. Mean LCD score of participants was 8.9 ± 2.5 (8.9 ± 2.6 in cases and 9.0 ± 2.5 in controls). Although no significant association was observed between adherence to the LCD score and odds of breast cancer in the study population, a trend toward significant positive association was seen between consumption of LCD and odds of breast cancer in postmenopausal women; after controlling for several potential confounders, individuals in the third quartile of LCD score were 1.94 times more likely to have breast cancer than those in the lowest quartile (95% CI: 1.00, 3.76). This association strengthened after controlling for dietary variables (2.50; 1.18–5.32). Even after further adjustment for BMI, this association remained significant (2.64, 1.23–5.67). No significant relationship was observed in premenopausal women, either before or after controlling for confounders. Conclusion Adherence to LCD may be associated with increased odds of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Weight Changes According to Treatment in a Diverse Cohort of Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jami Fukui ◽  
Kami White ◽  
Timothy Frankland ◽  
Caryn Oshiro ◽  
Lynne Wilkens
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Time Points

Abstract BackgroundWeight changes are common among breast cancer patients. The majority of studies to date have focused on weight gain after a breast cancer diagnosis and its implications on health in survivors. Fewer studies have examined weight loss and its related characteristics. Weight changes have been reported to be influenced by several factors such as age, treatment, stage and pre-diagnostic weight. We evaluated weight changes during key treatment time points in early stage breast cancer patients.MethodsWe characterized 389 female patients diagnosed in Hawaii with early stage breast cancer from 2003-2017 in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) linked with Kaiser Permanente Hawaii electronic medical record data. We evaluated weight changes from surgery to 4 years post-diagnosis with six time points along a patient’s treatment trajectory (chemotherapy, radiation, endocrine, or surgery alone) and annually thereafter, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity and initial body mass index (BMI).ResultsWe found key time points of significant weight change for breast cancer patients according to their adjuvant treatment. In patients who had surgery alone (S), surgery-radiation (SR), or surgery-endocrine therapy (SE), the majority of patients had stable weight, although this consistently decreased over time. However, the percentages of patients with weight loss and weight gain during this time steadily increased up to 4 years after initial surgery. Weight loss was more common than weight gain by about 2 fold in these treatment groups. For patients with surgery-chemotherapy (SC), there was significant weight loss seen within the first 3 months after surgery, during the time when patients receive chemotherapy. And this weight loss persisted until year 4. Weight gain was less commonly seen in this treatment group.ConclusionsWe identified key time points during breast cancer treatment that may provide a therapeutic window to positively influence outcomes. Tailored weight management interventions should be utilized to promote overall health and long term survivorship.

scholarly journals Obesity and Breast Cancer: A Paradoxical and Controversial Relationship Influenced by Menopausal Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura García-Estévez ◽  
Javier Cortés ◽  
Silvia Pérez ◽  
Isabel Calvo ◽  
Isabel Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Breast cancer is the most common tumor in women worldwide, and an increasing public health concern. Knowledge of both protective and negative risk factors is essential for a better understanding of this heterogenous disease. We undertook a review of the recent literature and evaluated the relationship between obesity mediators and breast cancer development depending on menopausal status. Excess weight is now pandemic and has replaced tobacco as the main lifestyle-related risk factor for premature death. Although the prevalence of obesity/overweight has increased globally over the last 50 years, the potential harm attributable to excess fat has generally been underestimated. The relationship between overweight/obesity, breast cancer and overall risk appears to be highly dependent on menopausal status. Thus, obesity increases the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women but, conversely, it appears to be protective in premenopausal women. We evaluate the role of different clinical factors potentially involved in this seemingly contradictory relationship, including estrogen, mammogram density, adipokines, insulin-signaling pathway activation, and inflammatory status. A key focus of this review is to better understand the impact of body mass index and menopausal status on these clinical factors and, hence, provide some clarity into the inter-relationships involved in this controversial issue.

scholarly journals Weight changes according to treatment in a diverse cohort of breast cancer patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12513-e12513
Author(s):  
Jami Aya Fukui ◽  
Kami White ◽  
Timothy Frankland ◽  
Caryn Oshiro ◽  
Lynne Wilkens
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Time Points

e12513 Background: Weight changes are common among breast cancer patients. The majority of studies to date have focused on weight gain after a breast cancer diagnosis and its implications on health in survivors. Fewer studies have examined weight loss and its related characteristics. Weight changes have been reported to be influenced by several factors such as age, treatment, stage and pre-diagnostic weight. We evaluated weight changes during key treatment time points in early stage breast cancer patients. Methods: We characterized 389 female patients diagnosed in Hawaii with early stage breast cancer from 2003-2017 in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) linked with Kaiser Permanente Hawaii electronic medical record data. We evaluated weight changes from surgery to 4 years post-diagnosis with six time points along a patient’s treatment trajectory (chemotherapy, radiation, endocrine, or surgery alone) and annually thereafter, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity and initial body mass index (BMI). Results: We found key time points of significant weight change for breast cancer patients according to their adjuvant treatment. In patients who had surgery alone (S), surgery-radiation (SR), or surgery-endocrine therapy (SE), the percentage of patients with stable weight, while generally comprising the majority, consistently decreased over time. However, the percentages of patients with weight loss and weight gain during this time steadily increased up to 4 years after initial surgery. Weight loss was more common than weight gain by about 2 fold in these treatment groups (weight loss 33.2%-42% vs weight gain 11.6%-21.4%). For patients with surgery-chemotherapy (SC), there was significant increase in patients with weight loss seen within the first 3 months after surgery (16.2% to 43.7%), during the time when patients receive chemotherapy. And this weight loss trend persisted until year 4. Weight gain was less commonly seen in this treatment group. Conclusions: We identified key time points during breast cancer treatment that may provide a therapeutic window to positively influence outcomes. Tailored weight management interventions should be utilized to promote overall health and long term survivorship.

scholarly journals Low-Dose Tamoxifen for Mammographic Density Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. JCO.20.02598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Eriksson ◽  
Martin Eklund ◽  
Signe Borgquist ◽  
Roxanna Hellgren ◽  
Sara Margolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammographic Density ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Density Reduction

PURPOSE Tamoxifen prevents breast cancer in high-risk women and reduces mortality in the adjuvant setting. Mammographic density change is a proxy for tamoxifen therapy response. We tested whether lower doses of tamoxifen were noninferior to reduce mammographic density and associated with fewer symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women, 40-74 years of age, participating in the Swedish mammography screening program were invited to the 6-month double-blind six-arm randomized placebo-controlled noninferiority dose-determination KARISMA phase II trial stratified by menopausal status (EudraCT 2016-000882-22). In all, 1,439 women were accrued with 1,230 participants accessible for intention-to-treat analysis. The primary outcome was proportion of women treated with placebo, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg whose mammographic density decreased at least as much as the median reduction in the 20 mg arm. The noninferior margin was 17%. Secondary outcome was reduction of symptoms. Post hoc analyses were performed by menopausal status. Per-protocol population and full population were analyzed in sensitivity analysis. RESULTS The 1,439 participants, 566 and 873 pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively, were recruited between October 1, 2016, and September 30, 2019. The participants had noninferior mammographic density reduction following 2.5, 5, and 10 mg tamoxifen compared with the median 10.1% decrease observed in the 20 mg group, a reduction confined to premenopausal women. Severe vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, cold sweats, and night sweats) were reduced by approximately 50% in the 2.5, 5, and 10 mg groups compared with the 20 mg group. CONCLUSION Premenopausal women showed noninferior magnitude of breast density decrease at 2.5 mg of tamoxifen, but fewer side effects compared with the standard dose of 20 mg. Future studies should test whether 2.5 mg of tamoxifen reduces the risk of primary breast cancer.

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