scholarly journals Phonological performance measured by speech severity indices compared with correlated factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haydée Fiszbein Wertzner ◽  
Luciana Amaro ◽  
Daniela Evaristo dos Santos Galea
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Correlated Factors ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Student’S T Test

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Some factors seem to influence speech impairment among phonologically disordered children. The aim was to compare severity indices with some correlated factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted within the Language-Speech-Hearing Sciences Course, Universidade de São Paulo. METHOD: Fifty phonologically disordered children with ages ranging from 4 to 11 years took part. The indices were calculated from phonology tests and were correlated with anamnesis and audiological data. Student’s t test and Spearman’s correlation were used to compare percentages of consonants correct (PCC) and process density index (PDI) for children with and without otitis, upper respiratory histories and audiological abnormalities, with regard to whether or not they were comprehended during assessment, their ages when they started to speak and their ages at the assessment. RESULTS: The higher the age at the assessment was, the higher the PCC (imitation: 0.468; naming: 0.431; Spearman’s correlation) and the lower the PDI (imitation: 0.459; naming: 0.431); the later the child started to speak, the lower the PCC (imitation p = 0.064; naming p = 0.050) and the higher the PDI (imitation p = 0.067; naming p = 0.042). There were differences between groups with and without upper respiratory history (PCC: imitation p = 0.016, naming p = 0.005; PDI: imitation p = 0.014, naming p = 0.008). There was no difference between the groups regarding otitis, comprehension during the assessment and audiological data. CONCLUSIONS: Children with upper respiratory histories who began to speak later presented more severe speech impairment indices.

scholarly journals Haptoglobin study in myasthenia gravis

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2a) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo H. Mendonça Oliveira ◽  
Marcondes C. França Jr ◽  
Anamarli Nucci ◽  
Denise Madureira de Oliveira ◽  
Elza Myiuki Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: A cross-sectional study of haptoglobin (Hp) in myasthenia gravis (MG) was designed, with the objective to identify its values and correlate them with different disease status. METHOD: 46 patients were enrolled in the study, all having disease severity established according to the quantitative myasthenia gravis strength scores (QMGSS). Based on the functional scale determined by Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) recommendations, patients were classified as having: complete stable remission (CSR; n=10); minimal manifestations-0 (MM0; n=6), minimal manifestations-1 (MM1; n=4); pharmacological remission (PR; n=6). Two other groups participated: thymomatous patients (T; n=10) and patients without imunosuppression or thymectomy, until the assessment for Hp (WIT; n=10). Hp dosage was done by immunonephelometry, blindly to clinical data. Student's t-test, Anova test and linear regression were employed for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences occurred between CSR+MM0xWIT groups (86.62x157.57, p<0.001) and PR+MM1xWIT groups (73.93x157.57, p<0.001). Linear regression showed correlation between Hp levels and QMGSS (r=0.759, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Hp may be useful in clinical practice as a disease severity marker in MG.

scholarly journals Evaluation of efficacy and utility of spirometry data in elderly (>65years) individuals with or without lung diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vindhya Ponnathota ◽  
Sujatha Gogineni ◽  
Silpa Kasireddy
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: Spirometry is an important diagnostic monitoring tool for various lung disorders. Ventilatory function can be assessed by spirometry. Also, we can find whether it is obstructive or restrictive disease. An appropriate technique is essential to ensure accurate results. Spirometry requires proper understanding and cooperation of the patient while doing the test. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and utility of spirometry data in elderly (>65years) individuals with or without lung diseases.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 199 subjects who were then divided into 100 controls and 99 cases. Spirometry was carried out among all subjects. The values of spirometry were compared among cases and controls as well as across age and sex groups. Student’s t-test was applied.Results: After studying the spirometric data in elderly population with or without lung disease, there was significant difference between cases and controls as far as pack years of smoking was concerned. There was significant difference in FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC between the cases and controls. As the age increased the spirometric values decreased. The spirometry was normal in controls in majority compared to none in cases.Conclusions: Spirometry should be used by all primary care and specialist physicians even in elderly population.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION AMONG OLDER ADULTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira-Ávila ◽  
Simon Ching Lam ◽  
Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos Goulart ◽  
Fernanda Garcia Bezerra Góes ◽  
Natália Maria Vieira Pereira-Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a cross-sectional study developed in all regions of Brazil, using an electronic form among older adults aged 60 or over. Data were collected from April 17 to May 15, 2020. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used. For comparison of means, Student’s t-test and analysis of variance were applied, considering p≤0.05. For association of factors, chi-square was adopted with bivariate analyzes and logistic regression. Results: nine hundred (100.0%) older adults participated in the study. The general score for symptoms of depression was 3.8 (SD=4.4), 818 (91.9%) had no or mild depressive symptoms. Women (p <0.01) have more symptoms than men. The income variable is a predictor of depressive symptoms (OR=0.56; CI: 0.34-0.91; p=0.020). Conclusion: the main factors associated with symptoms of depression were sex, income, education and occupations that expose them to COVID-19 had the highest depression scores.

scholarly journals Comparação dos níveis de agilidade em crianças em idade escolar praticantes e não praticantes de judô: um estudo seccional

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wescley Rufino De Queiroz ◽  
Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale ◽  
Leandro Lima Silva ◽  
Carlos Soares Pernambuco ◽  
Rodolfo Alkmim Moreira Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introdução: A agilidade é fundamental para o judô, uma luta que demanda força e potência e utiliza mudanças bruscas de direção. Pouco se investigou, no Brasil, a respeito da qualidade física agilidade em crianças escolares pré-puberes.Objetivo: Comparar o nível de agilidade entre crianças praticantes e não-praticantes de judô de uma escola pública.Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva de corte transversal comparativa, da qual participaram 77 crianças de ambos os sexos: 47 praticantes de judô e 30 não praticantes. Teste t de Student para amostras independentes foi aplicado para a comparação entre os grupos.Resultados: Os praticantes regulares de judô exibiram maiores níveis de agilidade (10,98±0,79 segundos) do que os não praticantes de judô (13,48±0,74 segundos) e a diferença foi significativa (p=0,0001).Conclusão: Crianças que praticam judô apresentaram níveis maiores de agilidade do que as participantes de iniciação esportiva em outras modalidades, sugerindo que o treinamento de judô pode favorecer o desenvolvimento dessa capacidade física mais do que as demais modalidades. Outros estudos de intervenção devem ser conduzidos para esclarecer essa associação. Comparison of Agility Levels in Judo-Practicing and Non-Practicing School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional StudyIntroduction: Introduction: Agility is fundamental to judo, a fight that demands strength and power and uses sudden changes of direction. Little has been investigated in Brazil regarding physical quality agility in prepubescent school children.Objective: To compare the level of agility between practicing and non-practicing children of judo in a public school.Methods: A descriptive comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in which 77 children of both sexes participated: 47 judo practitioners and 30 non-practitioners. Student's t-test for independent samples was applied for comparison between groups.Results: Regular judo practitioners exhibited higher levels of agility (10.98 ± 0.79 seconds) than non-judo practitioners (13.48 ± 0.74 seconds) and the difference was significant (p = 0.0001).Conclusion: Children who practice judo showed more agility than participants of sports initiation in other modalities suggesting that judo training may favor the development of this physical capacity more than the other modalities. Further intervention studies should be conducted to clarify this association.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dyslipidemia in children from 2 to 9 years old

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josianne Alves de Freitas Maia ◽  
Francisco José Maia Pinto ◽  
Francisco Regis da Silva ◽  
Débora Sâmara Guimarães Dantas ◽  
Rafaella Maria Monteiro Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
School Age ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Diseases ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze the occurrence of dyslipidaemia and associated factors in children aged 2 to 9 years. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out with 700 children, in a region of Northeast Brazil. For comparison of means, Student’s t test was used; and, for the comparison of medians, the Mann-Whitney test. Results: A prevalence of dyslipidaemia of 68.4% was found. In isolation, the majority had a level of: total desirable cholesterol (386; 55.1%), undesirable lipoprotein cholesterol (376; 53.7%), low density lipoproteins - desirable cholesterol (514; 73.4%) and desirable triglyceride (509; 72.7%). In the final multivariate model, only the variable “preschool age” was significant (prevalence ratio = 1.14), indicating that these children are more likely to have dyslipidaemia than those of school age. Conclusion: An association was found between dyslipidaemia and preschool age. The need for programs and strategies to better understand this problem is indicated, in addition to preventing early coronary diseases.

scholarly journals The nasal index in brazilian human skeletons

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Chaves Cardoso Fernandes ◽  
Marcus Vitor Diniz de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Daruge Júnior ◽  
Luiz Francesquini Júnior ◽  
Patrícia Moreira Rabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Student’S T Test

Aim: To investigate the percentage of correctness (PC) of the Nasal Index (NI) in human skeletons for determination of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in the Brazilian population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 173 human skulls belonging to the Piracicaba Dental School. 93 skeletons were males and 80 females; 34 were aged up to 39 years, 56 between 40 and 59 years, and 83 60 years or older; 96 were from white individuals, 49 were from mixed-race and 28 from black individuals. High-precision digital caliper was used to measure nasal height (NH=ANS-nasion) and the maximum nasal width (NW) values, which were applied into the formula NI=NW/NHx100. The data were submitted to discriminant analysis and Student’s t test with equal variances, Mann-Whitney, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis, 5% significance level. Results: Dominant nasal type in the Brazilian population was the mesorine. Males showed nasal height and width values greater than those of females, with statistically significant differences in all measurements (p≤0.021) and PC of 76.6%. Similar nasal measurements were found regardless of age (p>0.05), with PC of 41.7%. Ancestral analysis revealed that black individuals have greater nasal width (26.35) and nasal index (53.67) than white ones (24.60 and 49.25), while mixed-race individuals showed intermediate values (25.36 and 52.13) (p<0.05). Nevertheless, these measurements presented an estimated PC of 54.3%. Conclusion: The Nasal Index can be better used for sex determination than for estimation of age and ancestry in the Brazilian population, as the latter showed intermediate and low percentage of correctness, respectively.

scholarly journals Craniometric study of the Orbital Index in brazilian skulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Chaves Cardoso FERNANDES ◽  
Patrícia Moreira RABELLO ◽  
Bianca Marques SANTIAGO ◽  
Marcus Vitor Diniz de CARVALHO ◽  
Manoel Raimundo de SENA JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Brazilian Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Right ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objetive To determine the percentage of correctness of the Orbital Index (OI) for estimation of sex, ancestry and age in Brazilian skulls. Methods Cross-sectional study of 183 human dry skulls from the southeastern Brazil. A total of 100 skeletons were males and 83 females; of which 36 were aged up to 39 years, 60 aged between 40 and 59 years, and 87 aged 60 years or older. As for ancestry, 103 were from white, 51 mixed race, and 29 black individuals. The OI was calculate by the formula = height/width x 100. The data were submitted to Student’s t test, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis tests as well as to discriminant analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results The sample was characterized as mesoseme, with a mean age of 56.62 (±19.97) years. No significant difference was observed (p=0.511) between the OI in females (right: 86.43 ± 6.58 and left: 86.70 ± 5.93) and males (right: 85.78 ± 6.69 and left: 86.37 ± 6.20). There were no significant differences between age, ancestry and the variables analyzed (p>0.05). The right and left orbital widths were significantly dimorphic between sexes (p<0.001). The percentage of correctness of the method for estimation of sex, age and ancestry was found to be 65.6%, 43.7%, and 43.6%, respectively. Conclusions The OI is not an appropriate method for estimation of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in this Brazilian sample. The methodology should be expanded to other population groups so that it can be improved.

scholarly journals Characteristics of prescriptions and costs for acute upper respiratory tract infections in Chinese outpatient pediatric patients: a nationwide cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Wang ◽  
Lihua Liu ◽  
Jianchao Liu ◽  
Likun Miao ◽  
Qian Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background To understand the characteristics of prescriptions and costs in pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory infections (AURI) is important for the regulation of outpatient care and reimbursement policy. This study aims to provide evidence on these issues that was in short supply. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from National Engineering Laboratory of Application Technology in Medical Big Data. All outpatient pediatric patients aged 0–14 years with an uncomplicated AURI from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 in 138 hospitals across the country were included. We reported characteristics of patients, the average number of medications prescribed per encounter, the categories of medication used and their percentages, the cost per visit and prescription costs of drugs. For these measurements, discrepancies among diverse groups of age, regions, insurance types, and AURI categories were compared. Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test and Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed to identify differences among subgroups. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the independent effects of those factors on the prescribing behavior. Results A total of 1,002,687 clinical records with 2,682,118 prescriptions were collected and analyzed. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2.8. The most frequently prescribed medication was Chinese traditional patent medicines (CTPM) (36.5% of overall prescriptions) followed by antibiotics (18.1%). It showed a preference of CPTM over conventional medicines. The median cost per visit was 17.91 USD. The median drug cost per visit was 13.84 USD. The expenditures of antibiotics and CTPM per visit (6.05 USD and 5.87 USD) were among the three highest categories of drugs. The percentage of out-of-pocket patients reached 65.9%. Disparities were showed among subgroups of different ages, regions, and insurance types. Conclusions The high volume of CPTM usage is the typical feature in outpatient care of AURI pediatric patients in China. The rational and cost-effective use of CPTM and antibiotics still faces challenges. The reimbursement for child AURI cases needs to be enhanced.

Lymphoscintigraphic findings: delayed oedema after great saphenous vein harvesting

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Q Belczak ◽  
J M P de Godoy ◽  
A F Cruz ◽  
A L Tyszca ◽  
H J G Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Alpha Error ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective The aim of this study was to identify lymphoscintigraphic changes associated with lower-extremity oedema after the harvesting of the saphenous vein using a series of short Q2 incisions for coronary bypass. Method Forty-four patients (32 males and 12 females) with a mean age of 62.7 ± 7.8 (47–75 years old) were evaluated in a retrospective, quantitative, cross-sectional study from June 2007 to January 2008, three to 188 months (mean: 46 months) after the surgical procedure. Assessment was by water displacement volumetry and lymphoscintigraphy of the lower limbs. Results expressed as means with standard deviations were compared employing the Student's t-test and the chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare data expressed as frequencies. An alpha error of 5% was considered acceptable ( P ≤ 0.05). Results The presence of dermal backflow, as identified by lymphoscintigraphy with an accumulation of radiotracer in the thoracic duct and popliteal lymph nodes was significantly greater on the operated side. Conclusion There was a significant association between dermal backflow and delayed oedema.

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