scholarly journals Investigation about the efficiency of the bioaugmentation technique when applied to diesel oil contaminated soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Mariano ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Maria Paula Santos Pirôllo ◽  
Jonas Contiero ◽  
Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Service Station ◽  
Local Service ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
Redox Indicator ◽  
Biodegradation Efficiency

This work investigated the efficiency of the bioaugmentation technique when applied to diesel oil contaminated soils collected at three service stations. Batch biodegradation experiments were carried out in Bartha biometer flasks (250 mL) used to measure the microbial CO2 production. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the concentration of hydrocarbons. In addition to the biodegradation experiments, the capability of the studied cultures and the native microorganisms to biodegrade the diesel oil purchased from a local service station, was verified using a technique based on the redox indicator 2,6 -dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP). Results obtained with this test showed that the inocula used in the biodegradation experiments were able to degrade the diesel oil and the tests carried out with the native microorganisms indicated that these soils had a microbiota adapted to degrade the hydrocarbons. In general, no gain was obtained with the addition of microorganisms or even negative effects were observed in the biodegradation experiments.

scholarly journals The use of vinasse as an amendment to ex-situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with diesel oil

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Mariano ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Labile Carbon

This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in ex-situ bioremediation processes. Groundwater and soil samples were collected at petrol stations. The soil bioremediation was simulated in Bartha biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production, during 48 days, where vinasse was added at a concentration of 33 mL.Kg-1of soil. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. The groundwater bioremediation was carried out in laboratory experiments simulating aerated (bioreactors) and not aerated (BOD flasks) conditions. In both the cases, the concentration of vinasse was 5 % (v/v) and different physicochemical parameters were evaluated during 20 days. Although an increase in the soil fertility and microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils. The addition of the vinasse in the contaminated groundwaters had negative effects on the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons, since vinasse, as a labile carbon source, was preferentially consumed.

scholarly journals Service Station Evaluation Problem in Catering Service of High-Speed Railway: A Fuzzy QFD Approach Based on Evidence Theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wu ◽  
Lei Nie ◽  
Meng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Evidence Theory ◽  
Approximate Reasoning ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Service Station ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
Evaluation Problem ◽  
Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment

Catering Service of High-Speed Railway (CSHR) starts at suppliers, includes distribution centers and service stations in cities, and ends at cabinets in high-speed trains. In Distribution System Design (DSD) Problem for CSHR, it is critical to evaluate the alternatives of service stations, which is termed as Service Station Evaluation Problem in Catering Service of High-speed Railway (SSEP-CSHR). As a preparation work for DSD, SSEP-CSHR needs to be solved without detailed information and being accompanied with uncertainty. Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment (F-QFD) has been given in the literatures to deal with vagueness in Facility Location Evaluation (FLE). However, SSEP-CSHR that includes identifying and evaluating stations requires not only dealing with the vague nature of assessments but also confirming them. Based on evidence theory, this paper introduces the framework to give the truth of proposition “x is A.” Then it is incorporated into a two-phase F-QFD with an approximate reasoning to enable the truth of the decisions to be measured. A case study that refers to 85 alternative stations on Chinese high-speed railway will be carried out to verify the proposed method. Analysis shows that the proposed evaluation method enhances scientific credibility of FLE and allows decision makers to express how much is known.

scholarly journals Response of Avena sativa L. and the soil microbiota to the contamination of soil with Shell diesel oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borowik Agata ◽  
Wyszkowska Jadwiga
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Organotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Nutritional Needs

This study analysed the changes in the development of Avena sativa L. cultivated on soil contaminated with diesel oil (DO; 0, 7, 14 and 21 mL/kg of soil dry matter), and in the microbiological, biochemical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of the soil. In addition to basic fertilisation fulfilling the nutritional needs of the oat plant, finely ground barley straw and finely ground charcoal was also applied. The study revealed a highly toxic effect of DO on the growth and development of Avena sativa L. The uptake of macro- and micronutrients by the tested plant decreased significantly. The active bacteria were identified based on the analysis of 16S rRNA coding sequences. In objects contaminated with DO, a more rapid development of organotrophic bacteria, actinomyces and fungi was observed, as well as higher activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. In the soils contaminated with DO, more C<sub>org</sub> and available and exchangeable potassium were found than in the non-contaminated soils. DO did not have such a significant effect on the contents of other elements in the soil. The use of charcoal and straw stimulated both the development of microorganisms and the activity of soil enzymes, yet it did not mitigate the adverse effect of DO on the growth or development of the oat plant.

Tire Rim Mismatch Explosions: The Role of On-Product Warnings

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 1088-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Laughery ◽  
Keith A. Laughery ◽  
David R. Lovvoll
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Product Size ◽  
Service Station ◽  
Potential Effectiveness ◽  
Size Information ◽  
Label Warning ◽  
Service Stations

Three field studies were carried out to evaluate the potential effectiveness of good on-product size and warning information in preventing 16 inch tire and 16.5 inch rim mismatch accidents. In the first study a 16 inch tire, a 16.5 inch tire, a 16 inch rim and a 16.5 inch rim were taken to service stations where employees were requested to mount the tires. The 16 inch tire contained a tread label warning and a warning label was located in the drop center of the 16.5 inch rim. The rims also contained size stamping information. At the 27 stations visited, 5 employees started to mount the 16 inch tire on the 16.5 inch rim and 3 started to mount the 16.5 inch tire on the 16 inch rim. All others would have mounted correctly matched tires and rims. The second study consisted of taking a 16 inch tire and 16.5 inch rim to 28 service stations to be mounted. At 18 stations a label containing size and warning information was on the rim. At 10 of these stations the employee refused to mount the tire. As a control, the same tire and rim were taken to 10 stations without the rim warning, and the employees at 9 of these stations proceeded to begin the mounting task. In Study 3 a printed warning label intended for the sidewall of 16 inch tires was shown to 23 service station employees who were asked to read the label and assume they had read it on a tire sidewall. They were then asked what they would do. This behavioral intention measure indicated that 2 would refuse to mount the tire and 17 others would attempt to determine the size of the rim. The results of these field studies clearly indicate that good warning and size information can be significant in preventing 16 inch tire and 16.5 inch rim mismatch accidents.

THE USAGE OF AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE AT THE SERVICE STATION OF LLC “TATNEFT” IN HIGHWAY M7

10.12737/3807 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Дмитриев ◽  
Sergey Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Service Station ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Retail Establishments

Nowadays, when all perspective companies set the goal to reduce process costs, achieve high profitability from invested means, reduce harmful influence on the environment, innovative engineering solutions begin to dominate, the meaning of these solutions is in achievement of the above-stated goals. In this work we examined the reduction of operating costs at the retail establishments (service stations) of LLC “Tatneft”. The reduction of operating costs is examined on the example of reduction of electric power payment, the cost ofwhich is constantly increasing. The engineering solution is the installation at some service stations wind generators for energy production. Wind generator is a device, transforming mechanical energy, received from the blades rotation, into electrical by means of natural wind. The main aim of the work - a reduction of operating costs at service stations and electric power independence of service stations. The object of research in this paper is the factor system, that provides maximum electric power production by the wind generator and the subject of research is the process of interaction of generator elements with the wind. The work presents results of experimental investigations, which prove the possibility of wind generator installation at some service stations. The experimental part was made up, using programme set of National Instruments LabVIEW, that allows to fulfil data collection and processing and also the automation of measurements under different experiments. It was justified by the possible usage of the wind generator at service station №227 along highway M7, Tuyrlema station, Kozlovskiy district, the Chuvash Republic, the Chuvash branch of LLC “Tatneft – AZS Center” and service station №391, highway M7, Andreevo-Bazary village, Kozlovskiy district, the Chuvash Republic, the Chuvash branch of LLC “Tatneft – AZS Center”. The economic calculation part is realized by a concrete example of a possible product application of the National Instruments LABVIEW Company in a body with wind generator EuroWind 20 on the service station №227 on Tuyrlema station, that belongs to Chuvashian branch of LLC “Tatneft – AZS Center”. Wind generator - is part of “green” image of retail establishments of the company, gives the opportunity to increase clients base, as it demonstrates the preference of high innovation techniques with care of ecological safety.

Research on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of a Diesel Oil Degrading Strain

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Xiao Feng Shi ◽  
Jing Yan Lian
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Optimal Temperature

A hydrocarbon-degrading strain ZRS was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils sampled from Xinjiang oil field and identified as Acinetobacter beijerinckii, which could use diesel oil as solo carbon source. The optimal temperature and pH for strain utilizing ethanol was 25°C and 7.2; the optimal concentration of ethanol and the biomass concentration was 4.5% and 109 CFU/mL, respectively. Inoculated to artificial seawater which added (NH4)2SO4 2.64g/L、Na2HPO4 1.5 g/L and yeast extract 13 mg/L after 7 days of culture at temperature 25°C, the rate of degradation was 73.9％.

scholarly journals Effect of division of initial dose on combustion parameters of a dual fuel Cl engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Zdzisław STELMASIAK
Keyword(s):  
Divided Dose ◽  
Initial Dose ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Gaseous Mixture ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Additional Portion

Worsening of economic and environmental parameters of a dual fuel engine at partial engine loads results from protracted combustion of leaned gas air mixture. This leads to reduction of overall efficiency and growth of CO and THC emissions. Such problems are difficult to solve in traction engines due to theirfrequent operation at partial loads and rapid changes of engine load and rotational speed. Negative effects of leaning of gaseous mixture can be partially diminished through division of initial dose and activation of combustion of gaseous mixture through delayed injection of additional portion of liquid fuel. In the paper are presented test results of experimental SB3.1 engine run on CNG with divided dose of the Diesel oil. There were analyzed overall efficiency and selected parameters of combustion process. Division of the dose influenced advantageously on parameters of the engine. The overall efficiency increased, while maximal pressure pmx, heat release rate (dQ/da)muxe and pressure growth rate (dp/da)max decreased. The engine with divided dose operated more smoothly with less noise.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of diesel polluted soils with Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 920-928
Author(s):  
Saheed I. MUSA ◽  
Felix M. OKE ◽  
Charlotte C. NDIRIBE
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Before And After

Diesel oil contamination is a growing environmental concern in most crude oil processing regions of the world. This study assessed the efficacy of both fresh and powdered Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) as potential biostimulants in the remediation of diesel oil contaminated soils using three test concentrations (50 g, 100 g and 150 g) and a control (0 g). The remediation process was monitored by assaying the total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and soil pH before and after amendment with the fresh and powdered E. crassipes for 90 days. The result showed increase in soil pH, TOC, TPH and volatile matter (VM) in comparison with the control due to soil contamination by diesel oil. However, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in soil pH and TOC with the introduction of fresh and powdered E. crassipes at different concentrations. Contaminated soil amended with 100 g of fresh E. crassipes showed the highest TOC loss (59.7%) alongside soil amended with 100 g of powdered E. crassipes (47.36%) while the control showed the least TOC loss (0.91%). Similarly, soil TPH decreased significantly across all concentrations after amendment (p < 0.05). Overall, soil amended with fresh E. crassipes showed higher TPH loss than soil amended with powdered E. crassipes. This study reveals the potentials of using E. crassipes in the remediation of diesel oil contaminated soils. Above all, we demonstrate that fresh E. crassipes is a potentially stronger biostimulant than powdered E. crassipes.

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