scholarly journals Digestibility and bioavailability of phosphorus from spray-dried yeasts in the diet of starting pigs (15-30 kg)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-321
Author(s):  
Lina Maria Peñuela Sierra ◽  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Antonio Claudio Furlan ◽  
Paulo Levi de Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Ângela Rocio Poveda Parra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Spray Dried

Two experiments were carried out to determine the bioavailability of phosphorus in two spray-dried yeasts - sugarcane yeast (SCY), and sugarcane yeast + brewer's yeast (SCBY) - in starting pigs, by comparing different methods (Apparent Digestibility Coefficient of Phosphorus - ADCP; True Digestibility Coefficient of Phosphorus - TDCP; slope ratio; and standard curve). In experiment I, a digestibility assay were carried out using 30 cross breed pig with initial weigh of 22.69 ± 4.24kg, allotted in a completely randomized design. The mean ADCP and TDCP values were 62.68 and 64.15% for SCY and 77.01 and 79.33% for SCBY. ADCP and TDCP for SCBY were higher (P<0.05) than the values for SCY. In Experiment II, a growth test was conducted, 56 crossbred piglets, were utilized, with initial live weight of 15.11 ± 3.43kg, allotted in a completely randomized design, with seven treatments, four replications, and two pigs per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of a basal diet without supplementation with P and the same diet including supplementation with two levels of P (0.053% and 0.105%) from dicalcium phosphate, SCY and SCBY. The relative bioavailability mean value of 57.23% for SCY and 91.96% for SCBY, corresponding to 0.30% and 0.40% of available phosphorus, respectively.

Changes in Productive Performance, Blood Metabolites and Hematological Parameters of Growing Lambs Supplemented with Two Sources of Choline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Martínez-García ◽  
J.C. Garcia-Lopez ◽  
P.A. Hernández-García ◽  
G.D. Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
A. Vázquez-Valladolid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Oral Doses ◽  
Daily Gain

Background: Choline is a nutrient with numerous metabolic functions, but its requirements for ruminants are unknown. The supplementation with bypass choline could enhance productivity. Methods: Twenty-four male lambs (Rambouillet 23.5 kg±3.17 kg initial BW) were fed a basal diet with treatments which consisted of a control and oral doses of ruminally-protected choline (4 g/d RPC) and plant-based choline (4 g/d Biocholine) in a completely randomized design with initial weight as a covariate. The experiment was conducted for 42 days during which live weight, dry matter intake, carcass characteristics, blood metabolites and basic hemograms were measured. Result: The daily gain in lambs was similar between treatments. Intake was higher in lambs given Biocholine (1.32 kg/d). The L* (represents the light to dark color) value and mineral content in the meat were improved with both sources of choline. Blood triglycerides increased by RPC compared with the other treatments and cholesterol was reduced by Biocholine. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity decreased by effect of choline. Hematological parameters were affected by choline supplementation regardless of the source; erythrocyte, monocytes and lymphocytes count decreased with both sources of choline in growing lambs.

scholarly journals Semi purified glycerins in growing and finishing pigs feeding (30-90 kg)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Maria Piano Gonçalves ◽  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Paulo Levi de Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Juliana Beatriz Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Performance Results

Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and to evaluate the performance and carcass traits in the growing-finishing pigs fed on two types of semipurified glycerin, which were made from vegetable oil (SPGV) and mixed of animal + vegetable oil (SPGM). In the digestibility trial (experiment I) 32 crossbreed barrows were used with initial body weight of 45.08 ± 4.11kg. It were used three levels of inclusion (6, 12 e 18%) of semipurified glycerin (SPGV and SPGM) in the basal diet. The metabolizable energy (ME) value of glycerin were estimated by regression of ME (kcal/kg) intake associated with glycerin vs. glycerin intake (kg). The values of ME (kcal/kg) obtained were: 2,731 for SPGV and 2,210 for SPGM. In experiment II, 72 pigs (30.08 ± 1.65 to 60.58 ± 3.57) in growing and (60.83 ± 2.63 to 93.79 ± 5.72) in finishing phase, were allotted in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with two types of semipurified glycerin (SPGV and SPGA), four inclusion levels (4; 8; 12 and 16%), eight experimental unit and a control diet containing no glycerin (0%). All pigs were slaughtered to evaluate the carcass traits. The performance results suggest that it is feasible to use up to 16% of both semipurified glycerins on growing and finishing pigs feeding, without impairing performance and carcass traits.

scholarly journals Digestible methionine levels for white-egg layer pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e47222
Author(s):  
Jalceyr Pessoa Figueiredo Júnior ◽  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Ricardo Romão Guerra ◽  
Marcelo Helder Medeiros Santana ◽  
Matheus Ramalho de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the requirement of digestible methionine for growing pullets at growth phase (7 to 12 weeks of age). A completely randomized design was distributed in five treatments, six replicates, and 15 pullets per experimental unit. 450 Dekalb White pullets from the 7th weeks of age, with an average initial weight of 313.14 ± 12.49 g were used. Dietary treatments consisted in five diets supplemented with DL-Methionine which resulted in five levels of digestible methionine (0.266, 0.294, 0.322, 0.350, and 0.378 %). Performance, serological blood, histopathology and histomorphometry data were evaluated. Quadratic responses were observed for final live weight (p < 0.0143), weight gain (p < 0.0073), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.0058), glycogen deposition in the liver (p < 0.0001), gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme activity (p < 0.0008), and villus height (p < 0.0024) with digestible dMet levels. In conclusion, the use of 0.343 % dMet, corresponding to a dMet:dLys ratio 55, is recommended for white-egg pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age.

scholarly journals The Bioavailability Of Phosphorous From Bone Meal And Triple Super Phosphate And Its Effects On Indigenous Growing Cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
ZH Khandaker ◽  
ABM Khaleduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The bioavailability of phosphorous, and blood serum and rumen liquor P level was studied in indigenous growing cattle by feeding bone meal and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) with control diet. Nine indigenous growing cattle (live weight of 164 ± 21 kg) were randomly assigned in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to three dietary treatments, consisted of a basal diet (T0) of 0.16% P and experimental diets supplemented with bone meal (T1) and triple super phosphate (T2) to provide P level of 0.44%. All diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Three cannulated animals were used for rumen liquor P level study by feeding three diets. Apparent absorption and balance of P were significantly (P<0.01) higher in T1 and T2 diets than that of diet T0, but true absorption did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Bioavailability of P of control diet (37.41%), bone meal (81.45%) and triple super phosphate (80.49%) were significantly differed (P<0.01). Rumen liquor and blood serum P level differed significantly (P<0.01). Supplementation of bone meal and triple super phosphate results in high blood serum P (P>0.05) with no difference between bone meal and triple super phosphate. The results suggested that the bioavailability of P from bone meal and TSP was high and dietary supplementation of P with bone meal and TSP improved P retention and blood serum P level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9882 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 58-65

scholarly journals Method of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet by test feedstuffs in pig digestibility trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274
Author(s):  
L.M. Piano ◽  
I. Moreira ◽  
C. Scapinello ◽  
P.L.O. Carvalho ◽  
J.B. Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pig Performance

Two experiments were carried out to study the methodology of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with fibrous test feedstuffs (sticky coffee hull - SCH) in digestibility trials with pigs. In Experiment 1, a digestibility trial was conducted using 30 crossbred barrows, allotted in a randomized block design. In Experiment 2, 42 growing and 42 finishing pigs were used, allotted in a completely randomized design, with six diets and seven replicates, with one animal per experimental unit. The six diets consisted of: a control diet, four diets using SCH ME values as obtained in Experiment 1 plus a diet using SCH ME value estimated by linear regression equation for 15% substitution. The digestibility study indicated that the use of increasing levels of substitution (7, 14, 21 and 28%) reduced SCH digestibility. ME values, as-fed basis, were 2,456, 2,377, 2,247 and 1,945kcal/kg. The overall results indicate that higher levels of substitution overestimate the energy value and that the method of increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with feedstuffs test can be used to more accurately estimate the energy values of fibrous feedstuffs for pigs. For growing and finishing pigs respectively, up to 28% and 15% of sticky coffee hull can be used without impairing pig performance and economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Threonine to lysine ratio in diets of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Danielli Dos Santos Firmo ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal digestible threonine to lysine ratios in diets of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles. Five-hundred fish with a mean ± SE initial weight of 2.16 ± 0.03 g were used in a completely randomized design, consisting of four treatments, five replicates per treatment, and 25 fish per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of four isoenergetic, isophosphoric, isocalcic, and isolisinic (1.45%) diets, consisting of a basal diet supplemented with four L-threonine levels (1.013, 1.085, 1.158, and 1.230%), resulting in different threonine to lysine ratios (70, 75, 80, and 85%). Fish were maintained in twenty 500-L aquaria with independent water supply, drainage, and aeration systems, and were fed to apparent satiation six times a day for 45 days. Performance, feed efficiency, daily protein and fat deposition, body moisture content, and nitrogen retention efficiency of fish were evaluated. The digestible threonine intake increased linearly, and the efficiency of threonine for weight gain decreased quadratically, with increasing digestible threonine to lysine ratios. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed:gain ratio, protein efficiency for weight gain, and nitrogen retention efficiency of fish increased in a quadratic manner with increasing digestible threonine to lysine ratios up to the levels of 75.96, 76.06, 76.36, 76.47, and 74.02%, respectively. It was concluded that the digestible threonine to lysine ratio for use in diets of juvenile tambaqui to achieve optimal performance and nitrogen retention efficiency is 76 and 74%, respectively, which corresponds to a digestible threonine level of 1.102 and 1.073%.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Produksi dan Persentase Karkas Itik Peking dengan Pemberian Pakan Fermentasi Probiotik

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 719-730
Author(s):  
Sukirman Syah ◽  
Muhammad Daud ◽  
Herawati Latif
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Peking Duck ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Abstrak: Penelitian tentang produksi dan persentase karkasitik Peking dengan pemberian pakan fermentasi probiotik dalam ransum itik Peking telah dilaksanakan di peternakan masyarakat Gampong Mireuk Lamreuduep, Kecamatan Baitussalam, Aceh Besar selama 2 bulan yang berlansung dari tanggal 1 Juli sampai 31 Agustus 2015. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan fermentasi probiotik terhadap produksi dan persentase karkas itik Peking. Penelitian ini menggunakan 80 ekor itik peking umur 1 hari (DOD). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakanadalahrancanganacaklengkap (RAL) yang terdiridari 4 perlakuandan 4 ulangan. Setiap ulangan merupakan unit percobaan yang terdiri dari 5 ekor itik peking. Perlakuan pakan fermentasi probiotik yang diberikan adalah R1 (kontrol); R2 (10%); R3 (12,5%); R4 (15%). Parameter  yang  diamati adalah: berat hidup, berat karkas, persentase karkas, bobot potongan karkas  (dada, sayap, paha, dan punggung) dan persentase potongan karkas (dada, sayap, paha, dan punggung). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan fermentasi probiotik dalam ransum itik Peking berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap potongan karkas sayap, dan persentase potongan karkas paha, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat hidup, berat karkas, persentase karkas, persentase potongan karkas dada, potongan karkas sayap, potongan karkas punggung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan fermentasi probiotik dalam ransum itik Peking dengan level berbeda menunjukkan pengaruh positif terhadapberat hidup, berat karkas, berat potongan karkas (dada, paha, punggung) dan persentase potongan karkas (dada, danpunggung). Evaluation Production and Percentage of Peking Duck Carcass of Feed Fermentation Probiotic Abstract - The research on production and percentage of peking ducks carcass by fermented probiotic feeding in rations of peking duck has been conducted at the community farm in Gampong Mireuk Lamreuduep, Baitussalam, Aceh Besar for two months. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of feeding fermented probiotic on the production and percentage of peking duck carcass. The study used 80 peking ducklings (DOD). The design of this study is a completely randomized design (RAL), which consists of 4 treatments and four replications. Each replications is an experimental unit which is consisting of 5 peking ducks. Given fermented probiotic treatment is R1 (control); R2 (10%); R3 (12.5%); R4 (15%). The measured parameters were: live weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, carcass weight in pieces (breast, wing, thigh, and back) and the percentage of carcass pieces (breast, wing, thigh, and back). The results of the study showed that fermented prabiotics feeding in peking duck ration significantly effect (P 0.05) toward carcass pieces of wings, and the percentage of carcass thigh pieces, but it did not significantly affect live weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, percentage of carcass chest pieces, pieces of carcass wing, pieces of carcass back. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that fermented probiotics feeding in ration of peking duck in different levels showed a positive effect on live weight, carcass weight, carcass weight pieces (breasts, thighs, back) and percentage carcass pieces (chest and back)

scholarly journals Feather meal supplemented with protease in diets for meat-type quails

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3617
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira Diana ◽  
Sandra Regina Freitas Pinheiro ◽  
Karla Magalhães Ramos ◽  
Cristina Moreira Bonafé ◽  
Leilane Rocha Barros Dourado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Meat Type

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of feather meal (FM) in diets supplemented with protease for meat-type quails, on performance from eight to 21 days and from eight to 35 days of age and on carcass yield cuts and economic profitability from eight to 35 days of age. A total of 360 male, meat-type quails, were allotted to a completely randomized design, in a factorial 3 x 3 arrangement (three diets and three FM levels of inclusion), with four replicates of 10 quails per experimental unit. The diets evaluated were positive control (PC) + 0% FM, PC + 5% FM, PC + 10% FM, negative control (NC) + 0% FM, NC + 5% FM, NC + 10% FM, NC + 0% FM + protease, NC + 5% FM + protease and NC + 10% FM + protease. The NC diet was formulated with a reduction in crude protein and amino acids, compared to the PC diet. There was an effect (p < 0.05) of the inclusion of FM in diets on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio, from eight to 21 and from eight to 35 days of age. There was a significant effect (p < 0.05) of FM inclusion on the live weight of 35-day-old quails. The inclusion of FM impairs meat-type quails’ performance at all ages evaluated. NC diets, with and without protease, worsen the performance of birds compared to PC diets. Better economic profitability is observed for up to 5% inclusion of feather meal in positive control diets.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance of broilers fed diets with phytase and crystalline amino acids

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisangela Minati Gomide ◽  
Paulo Borges Rodrigues ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Antônio Gilberto Bertechini ◽  
Luziane Moreira dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Balance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Crystalline Amino Acids

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced-crude protein (CP) and available phosphorus (aP) diets, added with phytase and amino acids for broilers in the growing (14 to 21 days old) and retirement (35 to 42 days) phases on nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus balance. Ninety Cobb broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replications with five and three birds per experimental unit in the growing and retirement phases, respectively. Diets were elaborated to contain reduced CP and aP levels (19 and 17% CP in the growing phase, with 0.34% aP; and 18 and 16% CP in the retirement phase, with 0.30% aP), supplemented with crystalline amino acids and 500 FTU of phytase/kg diet. These were compared to a control diet (21% CP and 0.46% aP for growing phase and 19% CP and 0.40% aP for retirement phase). The reduction of CP in four percentual units reduced the N excretion and increased the retention of this element, showing that the phytase had no influence on N balance when used the crystalline amino acids in the diets. The phytase reduced the P excretion and increased the retention ones. The potassium excretion decreased in reduced-CP diets, but this excessive reduction decreased the retention of this element, except in the retirement phase. It was concluded that the reduced-CP and aP diets, supplemented with phytase and amino acids, are efficient in reducing the pollutant power of the broilers excrements in the growing and retirement phases of production.

scholarly journals Digestibility and bioavailability of organic calcium sources for European quail

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3275-3284
Author(s):  
Ana Patricia Alves Leão ◽  
◽  
Sandra Roseli Valerio Lana ◽  
Geraldo Roberto Quintão Lana ◽  
Romilton Ferreira Barros Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Calcium Sources

The objective of this study was to determine the apparent and true digestibility coefficients and relative bioavailability of charru mussel, maçunim (Anomalocardia brasiliana) and oyster shells as organic calcium sources for meat quail. In the digestibility trial, 240 quail were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with five diets (calcitic limestone, calcium carbonate and three marine calcium sources), five replicates and eight quails per experimental unit. The relative bioavailability of calcium was determined by the standard-curve and slope ratio methods in a growth trial in which 288 European quail were distributed in completely randomized experimental design. Treatments consisted of basal diet with a low calcium concentration (0.166%) that was supplemented with two levels of calcium (0.342% and 0.684%) derived from different calcium sources. The apparent and true digestibility coefficients of calcium from charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals for meat quail were 91.85 and 92.04%; 91.71 and 91.90%; and 89.39 and 89.63%, respectively. The relative bioavailability of calcium from charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals obtained using standard-curve and slope ratio methods were 133.22 and 119.18%; 140.05 and 113.69%; and 141.73 and 106.22%, respectively, allowing the use of these organic calcium sources in diet formulations for meat quail.

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