scholarly journals Cell wall biochemistry of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) submitted to 1-methylcyclopropene

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia L.D. Morais ◽  
Maria R.A. Miranda ◽  
Luis C.O. Lima ◽  
José D. Alves ◽  
Ricardo E. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Neutral Sugar ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Modified Atmospheres ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Ethylene Antagonist ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) is a climacteric fruit that ripens shortly after harvest. Studies on its conservation during storage have been mainly restricted to using low temperatures and modified atmospheres. In this study we investigated the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the physiological and biochemical changes that sapodilla cell wall undergoes during ripening and evaluated its potential to preserve sapodilla fruits at postharvest. Fruits were treated with ethylene antagonist 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 h and then stored under a modified atmosphere at 25ºC for 23 d. 1-MCP significantly delayed softening of sapodilla for 11 d as a consequence of inhibition of cell wall degrading enzyme activities, and thus 1-MCP-treated fruit exhibited a less extensive solubilization of polyuronides, hemicellulose and of free neutral sugar when compared to control fruit. Results suggest that delayed softening of sapodilla is largely dependent on ethylene production and perception.

scholarly journals Enzyme activities and pectin breakdown of sapodilla submitted to 1-methylcyclopropene

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Lígia Dantas de Morais ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Maria Raquel Alcântara de Miranda ◽  
José Donizete Alves ◽  
Ricardo Elesbão Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cellulose Microfibril ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Postharvest Treatment ◽  
Cell Wall Enzymes ◽  
Ethylene Antagonist ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 300 nL L-1 on activities of cell wall hidrolytic enzymes and pectin breakdown changes which Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota cv. Itapirema 31) cell wall undergoes during ripening. Sapodilla were treated with ethylene antagonist 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 hours and then, stored under a modified atmosphere at 25º C for 23 days. Firmness, total and soluble pectin and cell wall enzymes were monitored during storage. 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 hours delayed significantly softening of sapodilla for 11 days at 25º C. 1-MCP postharvest treatment affected the activities of cell wall degrading enzymes pectinmethylesterase and polygalacturonase and completely suppressed increases in beta-galactosidase for 8 days, resulting in less pectin solubilization. Beta-galactosidase seems relevant to softening of sapodilla and is probably responsible for modification of both pectin and xyloglucan-cellulose microfibril network.

Histological aspects of the cryopreservation of potato

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
P. Pepó ◽  
A. Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
Vacuolated Cells

Cryopreservation appears to be a suitable solution for the maintenance of potato germplasms. The protocol described in this paper can be applied for the vitrification and preservation of meristems. During histo-cytological studies it is possible to observe modifications at the cellular level and to understand the adaptive mechanism to low temperatures. Control potato meristem tissue contained a number of meristematic cells with a gradient of differentiation. After freezing there were a large number of vacuolated cells, some of which exhibited broken cell walls and plasmolysis. The thickening of the cell wall, giving them a sinuous appearance, was observed after freezing and thawing the meristems, with ruptures of the cuticle and epidermal layer.

scholarly journals Ripening of "Pedro Sato" guava: study on its climacteric or non-climacteric nature

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Azzolini ◽  
Angelo Pedro Jacomino ◽  
Ilana Urbano Bron ◽  
Ricardo Alfredo Kluge ◽  
Marlene Aparecida Schiavinato
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Light Green

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a tropical fruit exhibiting rapid post-harvest ripening. However, the physiological basis involved in the ripening process of guava is not totally clear, which makes it difficult to develop technologies to enhance fruit storability. Two experiments were carried out with the objective of determining the ripening behavior of 'Pedro Sato' guavas. In the first experiment, guava fruits at three maturity stages (I - dark green, II - light green and III - yellow-green) were stored at room temperature (23 ± 1°C and 85 ± 5 % RH). The respiratory rate, ethylene production, pulp and skin colours, and firmness were evaluated. In the second experiment, ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) were applied to guavas at the light green maturity stage and the ripening behaviour during storage at room temperature was studied. Fruits from all maturity stages showed a gradual increase in the respiratory rate and ethylene production. The intense changes in pulp and skin colours and in firmness preceded the maximum respiratory rate and ethylene production. 1-MCP reduced the rate of ripening, while the application of ethylene did not promote this process. These results do not permit the classification of 'Pedro Sato' guava as a traditional climacteric fruit.

scholarly journals Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Inhibits Fruit Abscission Induced by Naphthaleneacetic Acid and Associated Relationships with Expression of Genes for Ethylene Biosynthesis, Perception, and Cell Wall Degradation in ‘Delicious’ Apples

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Eric P. Beers ◽  
Rongcai Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Young Fruit ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Effects of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on young fruit abscission, leaf and fruit ethylene production, and expression of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis and cell wall degradation were examined in ‘Delicious’ apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.). NAA at 15 mg·L−1 increased fruit abscission and ethylene production of leaves and fruit when applied at the 11-mm stage of fruit development, whereas AVG, an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, at 250 mg·L−1 reduced NAA-induced fruit abscission and ethylene production of leaves and fruit. NAA also increased expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase genes (MdACS5A and MdACS5B), ACC oxidase gene (MdACO1), and ethylene receptor genes (MdETR1a, MdETR1b, MdETR2, MdERS1, and MdERS2) in fruit cortex and fruit abscission zones. However, AVG reduced NAA-induced expression of these genes except for MdERS2 in fruit abscission zones. NAA increased expression of the polygalacturonase gene MdPG2 in fruit abscission zones but not in fruit cortex, whereas AVG reduced NAA-enhanced expression of MdPG2 in fruit abscission zones. The expression of β-1,4-glucanase gene MdCel1 in fruit abscission zones was decreased by NAA but was unaffected by AVG. Our results suggest that ethylene biosynthesis, ethylene perception, and the MdPG2 gene are involved in young fruit abscission caused by NAA.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Spoilage Microbiota of Hake Fillets Packaged Under a Modified Atmosphere (MAP) Rich in CO2 (50% CO2/50% N2) and Stored at Different Temperatures

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Antunes-Rohling ◽  
Silvia Calero ◽  
Nabil Halaihel ◽  
Pedro Marquina ◽  
Javier Raso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Modified Atmospheres ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The aim of this study was to characterize the spoilage microbiota of hake fillets stored under modified atmospheres (MAP) (50% CO2/50% N2) at different temperatures using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and to compare the results with those obtained using traditional microbiology techniques. The results obtained indicate that, as expected, higher storage temperatures lead to shorter shelf-lives (the time of sensory rejection by panelists). Thus, the shelf-life decreased from six days to two days for Batch A when the storage temperature increased from 1 to 7 °C, and from five to two days—when the same increase in storage temperature was compared—for Batch B. In all cases, the trimethylamine (TMA) levels measured at the time of sensory rejection of hake fillets exceeded the recommended threshold of 5 mg/100 g. Photobacterium and Psychrobacter were the most abundant genera at the time of spoilage in all but one of the samples analyzed: Thus, Photobacterium represented between 19% and 46%, and Psychrobacter between 27% and 38% of the total microbiota. They were followed by Moritella, Carnobacterium, Shewanella, and Vibrio, whose relative order varied depending on the sample/batch analyzed. These results highlight the relevance of Photobacterium as a spoiler of hake stored in atmospheres rich in CO2. Further research will be required to elucidate if other microorganisms, such as Psychrobacter, Moritella, or Carnobacterium, also contribute to spoilage of hake when stored under MAP.

scholarly journals Changes in cell wall neutral sugar composition related to pectinolytic enzyme activities and intra-flesh textural property during ripening of ten apricot clones

2021 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 128096
Author(s):  
Jamal Ayour ◽  
Carine Le Bourvellec ◽  
Barbara Gouble ◽  
Jean-Marc Audergon ◽  
Mohamed Benichou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Neutral Sugar ◽  
Textural Property ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Pectinolytic Enzyme

Fate of Listeria monocytogenes on Modified-Atmosphere Packaged Turkey Roll Slices

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1098-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. FARBER ◽  
E. DALEY
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Modified Atmospheres ◽  
Co2 Levels

The growth of Listeria monocytogenes on turkey roll slices stored at 4 and 10°C under a variety of different modified-atmospheres (Ms) was examined. While increasing in numbers on turkey roll slices stored in air, or in environments containing CO2 levels of 30 or 50% (remainder N2), L. monocytogenes was inhibited by a MAs containing 70% CO2, 30% N2. In all cases, Listeria did not grow as well in any of the MAs as compared to air. In addition, for all MAs tested, pseudomonads were inhibited to an equal or greater extent than L. monocytogenes. It is recommended that any MA-packaged turkey sandwiches with a shelf-life approaching 30 days, should be stored in a MA containing at least 70% CO2 to guard against the potential growth of L. monocytogenes.

scholarly journals Genetic dissection of climacteric fruit ripening in a melon population segregating for ripening behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pereira ◽  
Miguel Santo Domingo ◽  
Valentino Ruggieri ◽  
Jason Argyris ◽  
Michael A. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Melon is as an alternative model to understand fruit ripening due to the coexistence of climacteric and non-climacteric varieties within the same species, allowing the study of the processes that regulate this complex trait with genetic approaches. We phenotyped a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), obtained by crossing a climacteric (Védrantais, cantalupensis type) and a non-climcteric variety (Piel de Sapo T111, inodorus type), for traits related to climacteric maturation and ethylene production. Individuals in the RIL population exhibited various combinations of phenotypes that differed in the amount of ethylene produced, the early onset of ethylene production, and other phenotypes associated with ripening. We characterized a major QTL on chromosome 8, ETHQV8.1, which is sufficient to activate climacteric ripening, and other minor QTLs that may modulate the climacteric response. The ETHQV8.1 allele was validated by using two reciprocal introgression line populations generated by crossing Védrantais and Piel de Sapo and analyzing the ETHQV8.1 region in each of the genetic backgrounds. A Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 211 accessions of the ssp. melo further identified two regions on chromosome 8 associated with the production of aromas, one of these regions overlapping with the 154.1 kb interval containing ETHQV8.1. The ETHQV8.1 region contains several candidate genes that may be related to fruit ripening. This work sheds light into the regulation mechanisms of a complex trait such as fruit ripening.

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