scholarly journals Performance of common snook subjected to different feeding frequencies and rates using automatic feeders

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Amaral Herrera ◽  
Ana Paula dos Santos ◽  
Otávio Mesquita de Sousa ◽  
Vanessa Villanova Kuhnen ◽  
Eduardo Gomes Sanches
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Common Snook ◽  
Final Weight

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth performance of common snook (Centropomus undecimalis) subjected to different feeding rates and frequencies using automatic feeders. Two experiments of 60 days each were carried out. In the first one, 20 fishes per tank were distributed in three feeding rates of: 5, 10, and 15% body weight per day. In the second experiment, 20 fishes per tank were distributed in nine tanks, in three feeding frequency: once a day, three times a day, and six times a day. Water parameters were maintained at the recommended level for the species. Final weight, body weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion rate did not differ significantly between the 10 and 15% feeding rates. However, both rates differed from the 5% one. The feeding frequency of six times a day resulted in better values for final weight, final biomass, body weight gain, and specific growth rate. Therefore, common snook fingerlings should be fed at the feeding rate of 10% body weight per day, six times a day, in order to achieve the best growth performance.

scholarly journals Performance of fat snook juveniles reared at different temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 39766
Author(s):  
Daniel Correia ◽  
Luiz Henrique Castro David ◽  
Sara Mello Pinho ◽  
João Costa-Filho ◽  
Maurício Gustavo Coelho Emerenciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
Fat Snook

We aimed at evaluating the effects of different water temperatures on the zootechnical performance of fat snook. The experiment lasted for 60 days, which was conducted in water recirculation systems, and was randomly designed with three treatments and three replicates each, corresponding to three water temperatures (25, 28 and 31°C). A total of 225 fat snook juveniles with a mean weight of 6.45 ± 0.58 g were used, which were fed daily until apparent satiety. Zootechnical parameters were assessed and feeding rates were registered for each tested temperature. Survival rates varied from 96 to 100% among treatments. Higher values of standard and total length, and weight gain were found in 28 and 31°C (p < 0.05). With regard to final weight, final biomass, feed conversion and specific growth rate, no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). Feeding rates did not differ among evaluated temperatures. The results show that the used temperatures did not negatively affect zootechnical performance of fat snook juveniles. 

scholarly journals Grading Effects on Growth and Size Variation of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio Cultivated in Floating Cages

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Rahman Albahadly
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Final Weight

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fish grading on the growth performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio cultivated in floating cages located in the Al-Mashab River northwest of Basrah. A total of 4896 fishes were transferred from storage cages to culture cages (3×4×2 m), and distributed at a rate of 816 fishes per cage with a culture density of 34 fishes/m3 into six cages, three of which were classified into large (GL), middle (GM) and small (GS) individuals, whereas three cages were left without grading (UG). The graded and ungraded cages were chosen depending on the standard deviation for each cage. The fishes were fed for both treatments on a standardized, locally made diet. The results of the study were evaluated according to the criteria for total weight gain (WG), daily growth rate and specific growth rate. In the first grading process, significant differences (P<0.05) were recorded between graded (GL) and ungraded in final weight and specific growth rate (SGR) but not in weight gain and daily growth rate (DGR), while in the second grading, significant differences (P<0.05) were recorded between graded (GL) and ungraded in final weight and weight gain but not in SGR and DGR. At the end of the second grading period, the daily and specific growth rate of graded fishes were ranged between 3.26-4.73 g/day and 0.22-0.46%/day, respectively, while for ungraded fishes there were 2.35 g/day and 0.23%/day, respectively. The survival rate (SR) was not different very much in all treatments and ranged between 94.34 to 95.49% in small graded and ungraded fishes, respectively. The study results recommend at least two grading processes should be established during the culture season in two or three months intervals.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO FEEDING RATES AND THREE FEEDING FREQUENCIES FOR HYBRID SURUBIMS REARED IN CAGES

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA SVERSUT DE ALEXANDRE BOGIANI ◽  
CECÍLIA SILVA DE CASTRO ◽  
EDUARDO MIYAMOTO FUKANOKI KUNII ◽  
LUCIANO CAETANO DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
CLAUDIO ANGELO AGOSTINHO
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Final Weight

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of feeding frequency and feeding rate on productive performance of hybrid surubims reared in cages with automatic feeding. Three feeding frequencies (6, 12 and 24 meals day-1), and two feeding rates (4% and 8% of body weight per day, BW day-1) were evaluated. Hybrid surubims (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans × Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) with average weights of 24.20 ± 0.80 g were distributed in 18 cages of 1.0 m³ at a density of 60 fish m-3. Fish were fed commercial ration containing 40% crude protein, and feeding took place at night using automatic feeders. The study lasted 47 days. With a feeding rate of 4% BW day-1, the final weight (FW) of the surubims was higher when feed was supplied as 24 meals day-1 (66.92 g). However, using 8% BW day-1, the FW was greater with a feeding frequency of 12 meals day-1 (106.90 g). Regardless of feed frequency, the values of daily weight gain and standard length of surubims were higher with the feeding rate of 8% BW day-1. Therefore, the feeding rate of 8% BW day-1, provided in 12 meals day-1, provided better productive performance for hybrid surubims (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans × Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) reared in cages.

scholarly journals ​Effect of Probiotic Enterococcus gallinarum N3 Supplemented Feed on Growth Performance of Freshwater Fish Cyprinus carpio

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. Totewad ◽  
G. Gyananath
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Final Weight

Background: Probiotic is the best solution (Produce antimicrobial compounds, inhibit colonization of pathogenic microorganism, increase digestive ability and confer better health to the host) as an alternative to antibiotics against various microbial infection in freshwater and marine water. The freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio was selected for this research work (due to high growth rate, high protein content, ability to survive under different climatic conditions and its availability throughout the year) to observe the effect of probiotic Enterococcus gallinarum N3 supplemented feed on its growth. Methods: In this present research work Prepared three different concentration of probiotic Enterococcus gallinarum N3 (0.1%. 0.5% and 1.0%) along with basal diet containing other ingredients (fish meal, groundnut oil cake, wheat bran, starch and Vitamin mineral premix). Initially 14 days acclimatized freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio to laboratory condition selected randomly for four treatment groups as Control (C) and probiotic feed treated T1, T2 and T3 group. The experiment was carried out for 42 days with continuous aeration, natural photoperiod of 16 hrs light and 8 hrs dark, maintain temperature constant and fishes fed diet twice daily. The feed ingredients and experimental diets analysed for proximate composition and measured Weight gain, Specific growth rate (SGR), and Feed conversion efficiency (FCE). Result: The proximate composition of the feed was determined as percentage dry matter in which 36.21% protein, 6.8% moisture and 7.8% of lipid. The probiotic feed experiment was conducted for 42 days and entire group of fishes was survived. The effect of probiotic feed on growth performance of Cyprinus carpio was measured as initial weight, final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. The growth changes were observed before and after treatment with 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% of probiotic E. gallinarum N3 fed to Cyprinus carpio. The final weight (g) and final length (cm) was measured in treatment T1 (3.107 g; 3.32 cm), T2 (3.258 g; 3.40 cm) and T3 (3.413 g; 3.52 cm) respectively as compared with Control group C (2.255 g; 2.98 cm). The percentage weight gain obtained in group T1 (37.78%), T2 (44.45%) and (51.55%) respectively as compared with Control group C (29.54%). Maximum specific growth rate was observed in treatments T1 (0.94 % day-1), T2 (0.99% day-1) and T3 (1.02% day-1) as compared with control group C (0.56% day-1). The results showed better growth performance and feed utilization in all the three treated groups T1, T2 and T3. The best growth performance (final weight, final length, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency) and feed utilization (moisture, protein and lipid) was observed best in T3 (1 g kg-1) group of fishes as compared to control C group. There was significant difference (P greater than 0.05) in final weight, final length, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency.

scholarly journals Growth and hematology of pacu subjected to sustained swimming and fed different protein levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleujosí da Silva Nunes ◽  
Gilberto Moraes ◽  
Fernando Fabrizzi ◽  
Araceli Hackbarth ◽  
Gustavo Alberto Arbeláez-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Design

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of sustained swimming and dietary protein levels on growth and hematological responses of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A completely randomized design was used in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, with three levels of dietary protein (24, 28, and 32% crude protein), two rearing conditions (sustained swimming or motionless water), and 15 replicates. Fish were subjected to sustained swimming at the velocity of two body lengths per second (2 BL s-1), for 45 days. The level of dietary protein and the swimming conditions affected the performance, growth, and hematological profile of pacu. Swimming conditions influenced nutritional factors, increasing daily weight gain, specific growth rate, number of erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. Fish under sustained swimming and fed with 24% crude protein showed better growth performance, with higher specific growth rate (4.11±0.88) and higher daily weight gain (2.19±0.47 g per day). Sustained swimming can increase the productive performance of pacu and simultaneously reduce dietary protein levels.

scholarly journals Performance characteristics of African Cat fish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying inclusion levels of silk worm pupae (Anaphe infracta)

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
CO Olaniyi ◽  
GO Babasanmi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Silk Worm

The use of Silkworm (Anaphe infracta) pupae as a protein source was investigated for its ability to replace fishmeal in the diet of Clarias gariepinus, African cat fish. Five dried diets formulated at 40% crude protein were fed to fingerlings of an average initial weight of 14.33g at 0 (control diet), 25, 50, 75 and 100% inclusion levels of silk worm meal. The experiment was conducted for 84 days were measured. Mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR). The five inclusion levels of silk worm pupae supported the growth of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, the growth and feed utilization were favoured by high inclusion level of silk worm meal. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed among the treatments, although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the growth parameters between 50% and 75% inclusion levels. The 100% silk worm pupae meal inclusion gave the best final mean weight gain of 10.29g specific growth rate of 0.93%, feed conversion ratio of 2.18 and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of 0.012. The carcass protein and lipid contents increased compared to the levels of both at the beginning of the experiment. Even though, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among proximate composition of the fish groups fed 25, 50 and 75%. The results showed that diet consists of 100% silk worm meal could be used as a complete replacement for fish meal in the diet formulation for Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15787 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 76-80

scholarly journals Altering Developmental Trajectories in Mice by Restricted Index Selection

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
William R Atchley ◽  
Shizhong Xu ◽  
David E Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Index Selection ◽  
Early Postnatal Development ◽  
Rate Of Development

A restricted index selection experiment on mice was carried out for 14 generations on rate of early postnatal development (growth rate from birth to 10 days of age) vs. rate of development much later in ontogeny (growth rate from 28 to 56 days of age). Early rate of development (E) approximates hyperplasia (changes in cell number) and later rate (L) reflects hypertropy (changes in cell size). The selection criteria were as follows: E+L0 was selected to increase early body weight gain while holding late body weight gain constant; E–L0 was selected to decrease early body gain while holding late gain constant; E0L+ was selected to increase late gain holding early gain constant; and E0L– was selected to decrease late gain holding early gain constant. After 14 generations of selection, significant divergence among lines has occurred and the changes in the growth trajectories are very close to expectation. The genetic and developmental bases of complex traits are discussed as well as the concept of developmental homoplasy.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF GROWTH IN THE GOUSES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE COMBINED PHARMACOPROPHYLACTIC HOMOBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS BASED ON THE RECOMBINANT BASILL AND ENROFLOXACIN STRAIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
G. A. Nozdrin ◽  
N. A. Gotovchikov ◽  
M. S. Yakovleva ◽  
N. S. Yakovleva ◽  
M. B. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Daily Gain

The combined effect of homobiotics, probiotics based on recombinant strains of g. Bacillus, & enrofloxacin on the dynamics of body weight gain in geese was studied. According to the principle of steam-analogs, one control and five experimental groups of 10 goslings in each group were formed. Gosyatam experimental groups used homobiotics vetom 15.1; vetom 13.1 incombination with enrofloxacin followed by replacement with a probiotic preparation Vetom 1.2. The absolute body weight and average daily gain in geese under the influence of the studied drugs increases. The severity of the effect depended on the pharmacological composition of the drugs used. The maximum absolute weight gain was observed when using the drugs according to the scheme: vetom 13.1 at doses of 25–50 mg/kg for 16 days, with further use of a 10% enrofloxacin solution at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for 5 days and in The experiment period was 1.2 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. After the cessation of the use of drugs, the growth rate increased for 30 days when prescribing the drugs according to the scheme: veto 13.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days and with further introduction of homobiotic veto 1.2 into the bird in a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. The maximum average daily gain in live weight of geese was observed in the period from the 16th to the 32nd day with the administration scheme: homobiotic vetom 13.1 at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 5 consecutive days, then every other day for 16 days, then daily 10 % solution of enrofloxacin at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight for 5 days, then vetom 1.2 at a dose of 25 mg/kg once a day for 16 days in a row. And the maximum average daily gain in the post using period of the drug was observed on the 32nd day of the study according to the scheme: homobiotic veto 15.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 16 days, then daily with vetom 1.2 at the same dose 1 once a day for 16 days. The studied drugs in the applied doses did not have a toxic effect on the physiological state of geese.

scholarly journals Utilization of fish waste as fish meal substitute in formulated fish diet on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fish fry (Oreochromis niloticus)

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Anizah M.R. ◽  
S.R. Manaf ◽  
Hilaliyah M.J.N.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish meal is generally expended as the foremost protein supply in the fish diet. The rising cost of this component inflicted the aquaculture industry to seek a substitute in lessening the pellet cost. Thus, fish waste was tested in this study to investigate its viability. An experiment was performed to study the effects of fish waste and carcass on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fry. Solid fish waste of three different common species available in Mukah’s wet market was formulated into an artificial diet. The diet was formulated into three treatments consist of three protein levels (40%, 45% and 50%) with 4000 kcal/kg energy. A controlled group was fed with a commercial pellet consisting of 45% protein level. Fish were fed at 4% of body weight twice daily for 45 days. Fry reared in a controlled group was discovered highest weight gain, specific growth rate and length gain. There was no significant difference in all treatments for all parameters measured. The lowest weight gain and specific growth rate were recorded in fish fed 45% protein level (T2) group. Fish in T3 (50%) achieved the highest survival rate while T1 (40%) group recorded the lowest. The best and lowest Feed Conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the control group. In conclusion, the performance of formulated feed using fish waste is similar to commercial pellet as no significant difference can be observed in all parameters measured.

Effects of glucocorticoid on body growth and serum levels of somatomedin A in the rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumiko Asakawa ◽  
Kazue Takano ◽  
Megumi Kogawa ◽  
Yoko Hasumi ◽  
Kazuo Shizume
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Radioreceptor Assay ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Cortisone Acetate ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
A Minor

Abstract. Serum levels of somatomedin A, as measured by radioreceptor assay, and body weight gain were 86.5 ± 9.2% and 166.9 ± 7.8% (N = 5) of the initial values, respectively, after 18 days administration of 2.5 mg cortisone acetate (CA). These values were significantly lower than those for saline treated rats (P < 0.005). Reduced serum somatomedin A and body growth rate were partially restored after halting the injection of CA. Combined administration of daily doses of 100 μg hGH with CA did not prevent the decrease in somatomedin activity in treated rats. This observation suggests that GH plays a minor (or no) role in the fall of serum somatomedin A in CA-treated rats. From these data we conclude that glucocorticoids reduce serum somatomedin by inhibiting the effect of GH on the generation of somatomedin.

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