scholarly journals Relation between leukocyte count, adiposity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in pubertal adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Ricardo dos Santos Tenório ◽  
Breno Quintella Farah ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
João Paulo Botero ◽  
Daniel Calado Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Objective To compare the total and differential leukocyte count in obese and normal-weight adolescents, and to verify their possible relations with cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity indicators.Methods A cross-sectional study conducted with 139 adolescents (107 obese and 32 normal weight) aged between 13 and 18 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by direct gas analysis during an incremental treadmill test. Total leukocytes and subsets were estimated by flow cytometry. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Thet-test for independent samples was used for comparison between groups. The relation between leukocytes, cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity indicators was verified by Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression (adjusted for age and body mass index) tests.Results Obese adolescents had higher leukocyte (8.12±2.36u/L x 103; p=0.001), neutrophil (4.33±1.86u/L x 103; p=0.002), and monocyte (0.70±0.22u/L x 103; p=0.002) counts compared to the levels of normal weight subjects. After the necessary adjustments, cardiorespiratory fitness had a negative association with leukocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes in boys.Conclusion Obese adolescents had higher total and differential leucocyte count when compared to normal weight individuals. We also observed a weak positive association between adiposity and total leukocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts, and in boys, a negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness and total count of leukocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.

scholarly journals Relationship between sleep duration and dietary intake in 4- to 14-year-old Danish children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Hoppe ◽  
Berit W. Rothausen ◽  
Anja Biltoft-Jensen ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Margit V. Groth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

AbstractA negative association between sleep duration and BMI has been observed in children. However, knowledge about the association between sleep duration and diet is limited. The objective was to examine the association between sleep duration and intake of foods and nutrients in children. In the present cross-sectional study, dietary intake and sleep duration were recorded by the parents for seven consecutive days in a food and sleep record in a representative sample of 802 4- to 14-year-old children. No sex differences were found regarding age and sleep duration. Sleep duration was negatively correlated to age (ρ = –0·68; P < 0·001) and BMI (ρ = –0·41; P < 0·001). In multiple linear regression analyses, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake (b = –0·015; P = 0·20), but there was a trend towards a positive association with intake of dietary fibre (b = 0·006; P = 0·05) and vegetables (b = 0·011; P = 0·05), and a negative association with intake of poultry (b = –0·002; P = 0·02), and a trend towards a negative association with intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ (b = –0·01; P = 0·05). Furthermore, in a comparison of dietary intake between age-dependent tertiles of sleep duration, only intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ was significantly lower in long sleepers than in short and medium sleepers (P = 0·03). In conclusion, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake and the proposal that children with short sleep duration have less healthy eating habits than children with longer sleep duration was only weakly supported by the present findings.

scholarly journals Central and Peripheral Response to Incremental Cycling Exercise in Older Untrained Active Men: A Comparison of Those In-Between

2016 ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
C. D. O’NEILL ◽  
D. S. KIMMERLY ◽  
S. DOGRA
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recreational Athletes

The aim of this study was to compare the central and peripheral components of cardiorespiratory fitness during incremental to maximal exercise between older men who were either recreational athletes (RA) or leisurely active (LA) men, i.e., those who fall between trained and untrained. This was a cross-sectional study in which all subjects completed an exercise test on a cycle ergometer. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT) were assessed using gas analysis, and central components of VO2max were assessed using a non-invasive thoracic bio-impedance device. VO2max (RA: 45.1±4.8 ml/kg/min; LA: 32.2±4.6 ml/kg/min, p≤0.001) and SV at maximal exercise (RA: 133.5±24.96 ml/beat; LA: 107.9±17.6 ml/beat, p=0.005) were higher in the RA group compared to the LA group. A plateau in SV occurred between 30-45 % of maximal exercise capacity in the RA group. No differences in SV were observed across workloads in the LA group. No differences in the calculated arterio-venous oxygen difference ((a-v)O2diff) were observed between groups. In conclusions, training volume appears to influence central components of cardiorespiratory fitness among a matched sample of older men who are neither trained nor untrained. This builds a case for increasing the volume of training to preserve cardiorespiratory fitness among older men.

scholarly journals Exercise practice associates with different brain rhythmic patterns during vigilance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Luque-Casado ◽  
Luis Ciria Perez ◽  
Daniel Sanabria ◽  
Pandelis Perakakis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: To investigate brain oscillatory patterns underlying prolonged attentional performance as a function of cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Method: Two groups of participants (25 higher-fit and 25 lower-fit) were compared in terms of reaction time (RT) performance, tonic electroencephalographic (EEG) overall dynamics, and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) in a 60’ version of the psychomotor vigilance task. Resting state EEG was also measured. A submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness test confirmed the between-groups difference in terms of aerobic fitness. Results: Descriptive behavioural data showed shorter RTs in higher-fit participants, but only during the first 30’ of the task. Crucially, this same period was accompanied by increased theta (4-8 Hz) and upper beta (20-40 Hz) power and reduced alpha (8-14 Hz) and lower beta (14-20 Hz) suppression after the target stimulus presentation compared to their lower-fit peers, but these differences disappeared in the second part of the task. Additionally, lower-fit showed greater suppression of upper beta power than higher-fit after the cue stimulus presentation, an effect that was not modulated by the time-on-task. EEG overall dynamics results did not show significant differences between groups, although they also evidenced interesting differential brain oscillatory patterns as a function of aerobic fitness both at rest and during task performance. Conclusions: Cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a brain oscillatory differential response pattern over a wide range of the frequency spectrum and spatio-temporal distribution, which seems to underlie the positive association between aerobic fitness and sustained attention.

Associations Between Self-Rated Health With Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Obesity Status Among Adolescent Girls

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Rute M. Santos ◽  
Pedro Silva ◽  
Luisa Aires ◽  
Clarice Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Run Test

Background:The main goal of this study was to analyze the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) with self-rated health (SRH) of adolescent girls.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 533 adolescents girls, aged from 10 to 18 years old. CRF was predicted by maximal multistage 20-m shuttle-run test according to procedures described from FITNESSGRAM. Girls’ obesity status was classified according to International Obesity Task Force and Self-rated health (SRH) was assessed by questionnaire.Results:The findings showed that among adolescent girls 23.2% had negative SRH. Girls who were classified as unfit were more likely to report negative SRH in both univariate logistic (OR: 3.05; CI: 1.91−4.87; P < .05) and multivariate (OR: 2.93; CI: 1.82−4.72; P < .05) regression analyses compared with their fit peers. Obese girls were more likely to report negative SRH (OR: 2.30; CI: 1.14−4.62; P < .05) compared with their normal-weight counterparts. However such association was lost in multivariate analyses suggesting an effect of CRF.Conclusions:Negative perception of health was associated with lower CRF and weight status although such association it is mediated by CRF condition.

scholarly journals Association between Creativity and Memory with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Lifestyle among Chilean Schoolchildren

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete ◽  
Pedro Á. Latorre-Román ◽  
Juan A. Párraga-Montilla ◽  
Cristian Álvarez ◽  
Pedro Delgado-Floody
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence Score ◽  
Run Test

The objective was to investigate the association between creativity and memory with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF; i.e., CFR classification and O2max); lifestyle parameters (i.e., physical activity (PA), sleep duration, screen time (ST), and food habits); and anthropometric measures (i.e., body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)) among Chilean schoolchildren. A total of 248 schoolchildren (137 boys, 111 girls, 11.80 ± 1.17 and 11.58 ± 1.09 years, respectively) participated in the cross-sectional study. Creativity, memory, concentration, and selective attention and lifestyle (PA, ST, sleep duration, and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence) were measured using a standard questionnaire. CRF (measured by the 20 m shuttle run test and expressed as maximum oxygen consumption O2max) and anthropometric measures (BMI and WC) were also included. Creativity showed a positive association with O2max (ml/kg/min) (β; 0.209, 95% CI; 0.02–0.40, p = p < 0.05) and MD Adherence (score) (β; 0.206, 95% CI; 0.01; 0.74, p = p < 0.05). Long-term memory reported a positive association with CRF (β; 1.076, 95% CI; 0.02–2.13, p = p < 0.05). An increase in CRF levels, together with healthy food habits and normal nutritional status, should be a target for community- and school-based interventions to promote cognitive development in creativity and memory among schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Presence of Coliforms in the Feed and Water of Feedlot Cattle

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 6026-6032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Sanderson ◽  
Jan M. Sargeant ◽  
David G. Renter ◽  
D. Dee Griffin ◽  
Robert A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
June July ◽  
Feed Samples

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate coliform counts in feedlot cattle water and feed rations and their associations with management, climate, fecal material, and water Escherichia coli O157 using a cross-sectional study design. Coliform counts were performed on feed samples from 671 pens on 70 feedlots and on water samples from 702 pens on 72 feedlots in four U.S. states collected between May and August 2001. Management and climate factors were obtained by survey and observation. Month of sampling (higher in May and June), presence of corn silage in the ration (negative association), temperature of the feed 1 in. (ca. 2.5 cm) below the surface at the time of sampling (negative association), and wind velocity at the time of sampling (positive association) were significantly associated with log10 coliform levels in feed. Month of sampling (lower in May versus June July and August), water pH (negative association), and water total solids (positive association) were significantly associated with log10 water coliform levels. Coliform counts in feed and water were not associated with prevalence of E. coli O157 in cattle feces or water. Management risk factors must be interpreted with caution but the results reported here do not support the use of coliform counts as a marker for E. coli O157 contamination of feed or water.

Impact of the Ile105Val Polymorphism of the Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) Gene on Obesity and Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Young Adult Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (05) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chielle ◽  
A. Trott ◽  
B. da Silva Rosa ◽  
J. Casarin ◽  
P. Fortuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gstp1 Ile105val ◽  
Gstp1 Gene

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the association between Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene polymorphism with obesity and markers of cardiometabolic risk. A cross-sectional study was carried out in individuals aged≥18 and ≤30 years. The study included 54 normal weight, 27 overweight and 68 obese volunteers. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were evaluated, the DNA was extracted from blood samples and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to measure GSTP1 Ile105Val gene polymorphism of the study participants. Also, biochemical analysis and hormone assays were carried out. A positive association between GSTP1 polymorphism and obesity was observed on subjects carrying at least one G allele (AG and GG). GG genotype was found only in the obese group. The G allele carriers presented 2.4 times higher chance of obesity when compared to those with the AA genotype. These results were independent of sex and age. We suggest that despite a study in population regional (south of Brazil), the GSTP1 gene polymorphism may play a significant role in the increase of susceptibility of obesity and contribute to identify the cardiovascular risk in young adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence of elevated mean arterial pressure and how fitness moderates its association with BMI in youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2046-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele A Ogunleye ◽  
Gavin R Sandercock ◽  
Christine Voss ◽  
Joey C Eisenmann ◽  
Katharine Reed
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractObjectiveCardiorespiratory fitness is known to be cardioprotective and its association with the components of the metabolic syndrome in children is becoming clearer. The aim of the present study was to examine the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness may offset the weight-related association with mean arterial pressure (MAP) in schoolchildren.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingsSchoolchildren from the East of England, UK.SubjectsA total of 5983 (48 % females) schoolchildren, 10 to 16 years of age, had height, weight and blood pressure measured by standard procedures and cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by the 20 m shuttle-run test. Participants were classified as fit or unfit using internationally accepted fitness cut-off points; and as normal weight, overweight or obese based on BMI, again using international cut-off points. Age-adjusted ANCOVA was used to determine the main effects and interaction of fitness and BMI on MAP Z-score. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios of elevated MAP.ResultsPrevalence of elevated MAP in schoolchildren was 14·8 % overall and 35·7 % in those who were obese-unfit. Approximately 21 % of participants were overweight and 5 % obese, while 23 % were classified as unfit. MAP generally increased across BMI categories and was higher in the aerobically unfit participants. Obese-fit males had lower MAP compared with obese-unfit males (P < 0·001); this trend was similar in females (P = 0·05).ConclusionsIncreasing fitness level may have a positive impact on the weight-related elevations of MAP seen in obese and overweight schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Retinol binding protein 4, obesity, and insulin resistance in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ronaldi Noor ◽  
Eka Agustria Rini ◽  
Eti Yerizel
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Obesity is a global problem. Even in poor and developing countries, obesity has reached alarming levels. In childhood, obesity may lead to insulin resistance. Retinol binding protein (RBP4), secreted primarily by liver and adipose tissues, was recently proposed as a link between obesity and insulin resistance. The role of RBP4 in pediatric obesity and its relationship with insulin resistance have not been well elucidated.Objective To compare RBP4 levels in obese and lean adolescents and to assess for a relationship between RBP4 levels and insulin resistance. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted in three senior high schools in Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Subjects were adolescents aged 14-18 years, who were obese or normal weight (n=56). We measured subjects’ body mass index (BMI) and serum RBP4 concentrations. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.Results Similar RBP4 levels were found in the obese and normoweight groups (P>0.05). Higher RBP4 levels were found in the insulin resistant compared to the non-insulin resistant group, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference in mean RBP4 levels in obese adolescents compared to normoweight adolescents. Nor are mean RBP4 levels significantly different between obese adolescents with and without insulin resistance.  

ANTHROPOMETRIC AND BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH THE METABOLICALLY OBESE NORMAL WEIGHT PHENOTYPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Bruna Clemente Cota ◽  
Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro ◽  
Silvia Eloiza Priore ◽  
Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol ◽  
Eliane Rodrigues de Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolically Obese Normal Weight ◽  
Gynoid Fat ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anthropometric and body composition parameters associated with the metabolically obese normal weight (MONW) phenotype. Desing: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 506 adolescents between 10 and 19 years old, selected from schools in Viçosa, Brazil. The MONW phenotype was defined as eutrophy, as defined by body mass index (BMI), and at least one metabolic alteration. Waist and neck circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured. Dual-energy bone densitometry was used for body composition analysis and body composition indices were calculated. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate the associations. Results: The MONW phenotype was positively associated with waist circumference (male: PR=1.05; 95%CI 1.01-1.09; female: PR=1.06; 95%CI 1.02-1.09), WHtR (male: PR=1.26; 95% CI 1.07-1.49; female: PR=1.29; 95%CI 1.07-1.56) and android/gynoid fat ratio (male: PR=1.25; 95%CI 1.03-1.51; female: PR=1.39; 95%CI 1.20-1.62), in both sexes. Furthermore, there was a positive association of phenotype with WHR (PR=1.32; 95%CI 1.06-1.65) and trunk/arm fat ratio (PR=1.13; 95%CI 1.02-1.24) only in males, and with trunk/leg fat ratio (PR=2.84; 95%CI 1.46-5.53), BAIp (PR=1.06; 95%CI 1.01-1.12), FMI (PR=1.24; 95%CI 1.10-1.41) and regional IMLC (PR=1.29; 95%CI 1.09-1.53), in females. Conclusion: Anthropometric and body composition parameters indicative of central and total fat are associated with the MONW phenotype, and may be useful tools for early diagnosis of eutrophic adolescents by BMI with cardiometabolic risk. Furthermore, the phenotype was positively associated with regional load index and metabolic capacity.

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