scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extract of Turnera diffusa Willd and evaluation of its effects on astrocyte cell death

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Gomes Bezerra ◽  
Giuseppina Negri ◽  
Joaquim Maurício Duarte-Almeida ◽  
Soraya Soubhi Smaili ◽  
Elisaldo Araújo Carlini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Astrocyte Culture ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Turnera Diffusa ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the phytochemical composition of hydroethanolic extracts from powdered aerial parts of Turnera diffusa Willd (Turneraceae; T. diffusa), as well as its toxicity in astrocytes. Methods Chemical analyses of hydroethanolic extract from powdered aerial parts ofT. diffusa were carried out using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.In vitro assays using astrocytes culture were performed to evaluate cell death. Results Flavone-C, O-diglycosides, such as, luteolin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside, apigenin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside and apigenin-7-O-6”-p-coumaroylglucoside were the main compounds found in this hydroethanolic extract. Concentration time-effect demonstrated the toxicity of this extract at a concentration of 1,000µg/mL in astrocyte culture, after 6 and 24 hours of incubation. Conclusion In phytochemical analyses, important antioxidants (mainly flavonoids) were observed. T. diffusa extracts presented cytotoxic effect in high concentrations, leading to increased cell death in astrocyte culture.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Corydalis solida and Pseudofumaria lutea

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3591
Author(s):  
Sylwia Zielińska ◽  
Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker ◽  
Ewelina Piątczak ◽  
Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka ◽  
Malwina Brożyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Herb Extract ◽  
Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Corydalis and Pseudofumaria are two closely related genera from the Papaveraceae subfamily Fumarioideae with Corydalis solida (C. solida) and Pseudofumaria lutea (P. lutea) as two representative species. Phytochemical analysis revealed significant differences in the quality and quantity of isoquinoline alkaloids, phenolic compounds and non-phenolic carboxylic acids between aerial and underground parts of both species. Using the Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) technique, 21 compounds were identified: five protoberberine derivatives, three protopine derivatives, four phenanthridine derivatives, as well as three carboxylic acids, two hydroxycinnamic acids, one chlorogenic acid, one phenolic aldehyde, and two flavonoids. Moroever, significant differences in the content of individual compounds were observed between the two studied species. The phytochemical profile of C. solida showed a higher variety of compounds that were present in lower amounts, whereas P. lutea extracts contained fewer compounds but in larger quantities. Protopine was one of the most abundant constituents in C. solida (440–1125 µg/g d.w.) and in P. lutea (1036–1934 µg/g d.w.). Moreover, considerable amounts of coptisine (1526 µg/g) and quercetin (3247 µg/g) were detected in the aerial parts of P. lutea. Extracts from aerial and underground parts of both species were also examined for the antimicrobial potential against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. P. lutea herb extract was the most effective (MIC at 0.39 mg/L) against all three pathogens.

scholarly journals Phytochemical composition and pharmacological assessment of callus and parent plant of Asteriscus graveolens (Forssk.) Less. from Algerian Sahara

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1895-1901
Author(s):  
Fairouz Belhadi ◽  
Saida Ouafi ◽  
Nadia Bouguedoura
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose: To determine the phytochemical composition, acute toxicity, as well as analgesic and antiinflammatory properties of extracts of the aerial parts and callus cultures of Asteriscus graveolens.Methods: Different standard chemical tests were used for the screening of bioactive compounds in aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Asteriscus graveolens (PAE) and callus (CAE). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to identify the constituents of the glycosidic extract (GE). Acute oral toxicity test was carried out to ascertain the safety of the plant material. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the extracts were determined using acetic acid-induced writhing test and carrageenan-induced edema test, respectively.Results: Phytochemical analysis showed some differences in composition between the aerial parts and callus cultures. Results from HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 12 phenolic compounds in the GE of adult plants. In addition to being orally safe (no mortality), all extracts showed significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced chemical pain: PAE and GE produced 63 and 68 % reductions in pain, respectively, relative to 60.26 % pain reduction by aspirin. All extracts exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects, with PAE producing the highest effect (73 %) at a dose of 100 mg/mL.Conclusion: Asteriscus graveolens extracts possess potent pharmacological properties due to the presence of some phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. These findings provide a scientific basis for the traditional uses of Asteriscus graveolens, and indicate that it is a potential source of antiinflammatory agents. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Anti-nociceptive, Anti-inflammatory, Aqueous extract, Callus, Flavonoids

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND CYTOTOXICITY POTENTIAL OF PINEAPPLE EXTRACT ON ORAL CANCER CELL LINES

2016 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Anirudh Menon ◽  
Vishnu Priya V ◽  
Gayathri R
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Oral Cancer Cell ◽  
Natural Way

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: This study aims at performing a preliminary phytochemical analysis to evaluate the phytochemical composition of pineapple extract and<br />its cytotoxicity potential on oral cancer cell lines.<br />Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of pineapple extract was done, 3-(4, 5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide<br />assay for evaluating the cytotoxicity potential of the extract on oral cancer cell lines was performed.<br />Results: Phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, coumarins, and phenols were present in the pineapple extract. The extract also exhibited increased<br />cytotoxicity with increased concentration.<br />Conclusion: This study is conducted to see if pineapple extract is effective in treating oral cancer in a natural way instead of harmful treatments.<br />Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Pineapple extract, Anticancer drug.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Antihepatotoxic Activity of Phyllanthus atropurpureus Cultivated in Egypt

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Sarg ◽  
Afaf Abdel Ghani ◽  
Rawia Zayed ◽  
May El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Antihepatotoxic Activity

The genus Phyllanthus (family Euphorbiaceae) is considered one of the important medicinal and ornamental plants. A phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed to search for the active ingredient. Results of the investigation of the hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthus atropurpureus Boj. Hort. Maurit. revealed that the activities of alcoholic extracts of its aerial parts and roots were quite similar to those of silymarin. Both of them improve the parameters of CCl4-induced liver injury including serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Among the extracts tested, the root extract showed maximum activity compared to the aerial parts extract and to silymarin.

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnomedicinal Status and Phytochemical Analysis of Berberis lyceum Royle

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Faheem Uddin ◽  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

Berberis lyceum Royle has such pronounced medicinal values that it is used as cure of many diseases and has exhibited great therapeutic effects among the local communities throughout the world. The present research was carried out to evaluate the quantitative ethnobotanical status and phytochemical analysis of B. lyceum. Regular field trips were arranged to the study area (Shangla District) in August 2017 to October 2019 and interviews with 100 residents (age range: 30 to 50 years) were conducted. The approach adopted for ethnobotanical data was semi-scientific as the inhabitants were not aware about the modern names of some diseases and therefore physician prescriptions were also consulted. Ethnobotanical data were examined using relative frequency of citation and % use value. The % use value of B. lyceum indicates that the people of District Shangla mostly used it for curing of different diseases. In spite of tremendous uses the plant still survived in this area mainly due to the non-accessibility for humans of the mountain tops; otherwise, increase in anthropogenic activities even in these hilly areas poses a threat of the eradication of this plant. To correlate the folkloric uses with its phytochemical composition, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis was performed and a total of six phenolic compounds (quercetin, chlorogenic acid, berberine, rutin, mandellic acid, and hydroxy benzoic acid) were identified in its root. As most of the health complications are correlated to oxidative stress therefore in vitro antioxidant activity were also performed using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethyl benzo thiazoline -6- sulfonic acid) assays. The observed antioxidant potential may most probably be due to berberine and chlorogenic acid that were present in highest concentration in the analyzed extract. The effectiveness of the selected plant as remedy for a number of diseases (that were pointed out by the local community) may be due to its phytochemical composition especially berberine and chlorogenic acid as oxidative stress is the root cause of many diseases. The plant extract exhibited high antioxidant potential (DPPH IC50 = 165µg/mL; ABTSIC50 = 110µg/mL) in relation to the detected concentration of berberine and chlorogenic acid. It can be inferred from experimental results that the ethnopharmacological efficacy of this endangered species may be due to its phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities. This case study helps to revive the importance of B. lyceum in local communities and emphasizes the need for its conservation.

scholarly journals NMDA Receptor-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of theScutellaria baicalensisGeorgi Extract on the Excitotoxic Neuronal Cell Death in Primary Rat Cortical Cell Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Haogang Yu ◽  
Xinbiao Liao ◽  
Lisong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cortical Cell Cultures

The objective of the current research work was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the ethanol extract ofScutellaria baicalensis(S.B.) on the excitotoxic neuronal cell death in primary rat cortical cell cultures. The inhibitory effects of the extract were qualitatively and quantitatively estimated by phase-contrast microscopy and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. The extract exhibited a potent and dose-dependent inhibition of the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in the culture media. Further, using radioligand binding assays, it was observed that the inhibitory effect of the extract was more potent and selective for the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated toxicity. The S.B. ethanol extract competed with [3H] MDL 105,519 for the specific binding to the NMDA receptor glycine site with 50% inhibition occurring at 35.1 μg/mL. Further, NMDA receptor inactivation by the S.B. ethanol extract was concluded from the decreasing binding capability of [3H]MK-801 in the presence of the extract. Thus, S.B. extract exhibited neuroprotection against excitotoxic cell death, and this neuroprotection was mediated through the inhibition of NMDA receptor function by interacting with the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor. Phytochemical analysis of the bioactive extract revealed the presence of six phytochemical constituents including baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, wogonoside, scutellarin, and Oroxylin A.

scholarly journals FTIR PHYTOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING AND ANTIOXIDANT ANLYSES OF SELECTED INDOOR NON-FLOWERING INDOOR PLANTS AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL IMPORTANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jayaprada Rao Chunduri ◽  
Hetwi R. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Indoor Plants ◽  
The Rich ◽  
High Concentrations

Objective: phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity analyses of selected indoor plants and to evaluate commercial applications.Methods: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses of alcoholic and aquatic crude extracts of leaves of selected non-flowering indoor plants were assessed using standard protocols and later compared with FTIR analyses. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extracts were studiedResults: Phytochemical analysis of polar solvent extractions of the four selected plants Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Cordyline terminalis, Tradescantia zebrine and Rhoeo discolou. Indicated the presence of tannins in all four varieties terpenoids in 3, flavonols, phytosterols and phenols in two plants, followed by alkaloids. The phytochemical analyses were supported by FTIR reports. Quantitative studies indicated variations in flavonol, tannin and phenols concentrations among the four species. High concentrations of Total flavonols (P. tithymaloides) and Tannins (C. terminalis) were observed. C. terminalis extract showed comparatively highest reducing power followed by R. discolour and P. tithymaloides extracts. Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing indicated P. tithymaloides showed a maximum zone of inhibition compared to R. discolor. C. terminalis plant leaf extract showed a faint zone of inhibition against E. fecalis while others couldnot. Intense colors of C. terminalis and T. zebrine plants could be used as a natural dye as well as pH indicator. Conclusion: The rich concentrations of the tannins from non-flowering indoor plants could be the future option of dyes and dyeing industry as natural colorants as well as pH indicators. These plants were rich sources of phytochemicals (phenols, flavonols, tannins, and phytosterols), with antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities and Phytochemical Composition of the Aerial Parts, Stem and Roots of Gomphrena vaga Mart. from Northeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symone Costa de Castro ◽  
Naiara Maia Oliveira ◽  
Janiel Ramos de Oliveira ◽  
Luciana Lucas Machado ◽  
Katyúscya Veloso Leão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts

Mechanisms of death induced by cisplatin in proximal tubular epithelial cells: apoptosis vs. necrosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (4) ◽  
pp. F700-F708 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lieberthal ◽  
V. Triaca ◽  
J. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Dna Cleavage ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Ladder Pattern ◽  
Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

We have examined the mechanisms of cell death induced by cisplatin in primary cultures of mouse proximal tubular cells. High concentrations of cisplatin (800 microM) led to necrotic cell death over a few hours. Much lower concentrations of cisplatin (8 microM) led to apoptosis, which caused loss of the cell monolayer over several days. Necrosis was characterized by a cytosolic swelling and early loss of plasma membrane integrity. In contrast, early features of cells undergoing apoptosis included cell shrinkage and loss of attachment to the monolayers. Nuclear chromatin became condensed and fragmented in apoptosing cells. These features were absent in necrotic cells. DNA electrophoresis of cells exposed to 800 microM cisplatin yielded a "smear" pattern, due to random DNA degradation. In contrast, the DNA of apoptosing cells demonstrated a "ladder" pattern resulting from internucleosomal DNA cleavage. Antioxidants delayed cisplatin-induced apoptosis but not necrosis. Thus the mechanism of cell death induced by cisplatin is concentration dependent. Reactive oxygen species play a role in mediating apoptosis but not necrosis induced by cisplatin.

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