scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of irreversible hydrocolloid impressions against 12 oral microorganisms

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Assirati Casemiro ◽  
Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza ◽  
Heitor Panzeri ◽  
Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins ◽  
Isabel Yoko Ito
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Irreversible Hydrocolloid ◽  
Oral Microorganisms ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluated in vitro the antimicrobial activity of irreversible hydrocolloids (one containing an antimicrobial agent) prepared with water or with a 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution against 12 strains of the oral microbiota. Twenty specimens (0.5 x 1.0 cm) for each group (1. Jeltrate mixed with water; 2. Jeltrate mixed with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution; 3. Greengel mixed with water; 4. Greengel mixed with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution) were prepared under sterile conditions and placed in culture media inoculated with the indicator strains. After incubation in aerobiosis or microaerophilia, inhibition of the microbial growth was measured and the results were interpreted. The normal adherence curve revealed a non-normal distribution of the data, so the non-parametric Friedman Test was performed (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity of the groups was classified in the following order: 1, 3, 4, and 2. The results suggest that the method of preparing irreversible hydrocolloids with a 0.2% digluconate chlorhexidine solution is more effective than the incorporation of an antimicrobial agent in the powder to reduce cross-contamination caused by impressions.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Arctium lappa constituents against microorganisms commonly found in endodontic infections

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vianna Pereira ◽  
Débora Cristina Baldoqui Bergamo ◽  
José Odair Pereira ◽  
Suzelei de Castro França ◽  
Rosemeire Cristina Linhares Rodrigues Pietro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Arctium Lappa ◽  
Retention Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Microbial Inhibition ◽  
Endodontic Infections

This study evaluated in vitro the antimicrobial activity of rough extracts from leaves of Arctium lappa and their phases. The following microorganisms, commonly found in the oral cavity, specifically in endodontic infections, were used: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. The agar-diffusion method allowed detection of the hexanic phase as an inhibitor of microbial growth. Bioautographic assays identified antimicrobial substances in the extract. The results showed the existence, in the rough hexanic phase and in its fractions, of constituents that have retention factors (Rf) in three distinct zones, thereby suggesting the presence of active constituents with chemical structures of different polarities that exhibited specificity against the target microorganisms. It may be concluded that the Arctium lappa constituents exhibited a great microbial inhibition potential against the tested endodontic pathogens.

scholarly journals 253 COMPARISON OF THREE DIFFERENT IVF PROTOCOLS FOR BOVINE OOCYTES

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
S. Romo ◽  
J. Pryor ◽  
D.D. Varner ◽  
K. Hinrichs ◽  
C.R. Looney
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Given ◽  
Sperm Separation ◽  
Group 1

Recently, the development of commercially available defined media and sperm centrifugation gradients has offered new possibilities for increasing the efficiency of commercial in vitro fertilization (IVF) systems. The objective of this study was to compare three different IVF protocols using two different separation gradients, two fertilization media, and two embryo culture media, as follows: Group 1. sperm separation (SS): Percoll (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), fertilization medium (FM): TALP-Fert (TFM), embryo culture media (ECM): G1/G2 (version 3, Vitrolife, Englewood, CO, USA). Group 2. SS: Percoll, FM: Bovine vitro Fert (Cook, Brisbane, Australia), ECM: Bovine vitro Blast/Bovine vitro Cleave (Cook); and Group 3. SS: EquiPure (Nidacon, Spectrum Technologies, Healdsburg, CA, USA), FM: TFM, ECM: G1/G2. Oocytes were obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries and matured in vitro (Looney et al. 1994 Theriogenology 41, 67). IVF was conducted using frozen/thawed semen from one bull. Semen was separated by centrifugation at 700g for 30 min in the given density gradients; Percoll was used in a 45% to 90% gradient. Sperm viability after separation was assessed by fast-green/eosin stain (Sigma). IVF was carried out in 0.5 mL of the given fertilization medium supplemented with PHE1 and heparin (10 μg/mL), in humidified 5% CO2 in air atmosphere at 38.7°C. Final sperm concentration in the IVF wells was 1 × 106/mL. In Experiment 1, a total of 368 oocytes (2 replicates) were fixed and stained (Hoechst 33342, Sigma) 24 h post-IVF to assess sperm penetration (Group 1, n = 128, Group 2, n = 108, Group 3, n = 132). In Experiment 2, a total of 400 embryos (2 replicates) were cultured in 0.5 mL of the given culture medium under mineral oil in a 5% O2, 5% CO2, 90% N2 atmosphere at 38.7°C with high humidity for 112 h before fixation and staining. Embryos in Groups 1 (n = 129) and 3 (n = 139) and Group 2 (n = 132) were changed to G2 and Cleave media, respectively, at 84 h. Sperm separation with Percoll yielded lower numbers of sperm (average sperm concentration after separation of 218 vs. 383 × 106 for EquiPure; P < 0.05), but resulted in higher total motility (60% vs. 41%, respectively; P < 0.05) and higher viability (93% vs. 70%, respectively; P < 0.05) of separated sperm. In Experiment 1, rates of normal fertilization were significantly lower for Group 3 (58%) than for Groups 1 and 2 (74% and 77%, respectively, P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, rates of development to <8, 9 to 16, and >16 cells at 112 h were not significantly different among groups (43, 48, and 46% for Group 1; 22, 18, and 31% for Group 2; and 35, 34, and 23% for Group 3, respectively; P > 0.1). These results indicate that the commercial separation medium, EquiPure, may be associated with lowered sperm motility, viability, and fertilization rates when compared to a standard medium (Percoll) for bovine sperm separation. Commercial fertilization and embryo culture media (Bovine vitro Fert, Cleave, and Blast) provided equivalent embryo development to that currently in use by our laboratory (TFM, G1/G2).

113 EFFECT OF PLANT PROTEIN ON DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF CULTURED IN VITRO PORCINE ZYGOTES

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gajda ◽  
I. Grad ◽  
Z. Smorag
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 1

Basic culture media are usually supplemented with serum albumin or serum, which contain amino acids that play an important role as energy sources, osmoregulators, and pH stabilizers. However, the presence of undefined serum in culture media introduces a variation from batch to batch and increases viral or prion contamination risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of using plant protein substitute (PP) in place of bovine serum albumin (BSA) during in vitro culture of porcine zygotes. The PP is a mixture of several plant proteins and soya lecithin prepared using a high pressure homogenization process. The experiment was done on pig zygotes obtained surgically from superovulated gilts at 24–26 h after insemination. Morphologically normal zygotes were cultured in vitro in 5% CO2 in air at 39° in NCSU-23 medium supplemented with: 0.002 g mL–1 (group 1), 0.004 g mL–1 (group 2), 0.008 g mL–1 (group 3) PP or 0.004 g mL–1 BSA (control group). Embryo quality criteria were developmental competence (cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates), total cell number per blastocyst and degree of apoptosis as assessed by TUNEL method. Results were analyzed by Chi-square test. There were no differences in cleavage rates on Day 2 between zygotes cultured in NCSU-23 medium supplemented with PP (86.0, 88.0, 84.8; group 1 to 3, respectively) and BSA (91.0%, control group). Culture with 0.008 g mL–1 PP increased morula (85.7%) and blastocyst (69.2%) production as compared with control (75.0% and 56.3%, respectively; P < 0.05) and 0.002 g mL–1 PP (79.5% and 51.8%, respectively; P < 0.05). The mean number of cells in Day 7 blastocysts cultured in NCSU-23 medium + 0.004 g mL–1 BSA was lower (P < 0.05) than in NCSU-23 + 0.004 g mL–1 PP (39.1 v. 43.7, respectively). The blastocysts cultured in NCSU-23 medium + 0.002 g mL–1 PP had higher average number of apoptotic nuclei (13.0) as compared with the control (6.5) and 0.004 g mL–1 PP (6.9). In conclusion, this study suggest the positive effect of PP on development in vitro of porcine zygotes to the morula/blastocyst stage. However, further studies are required to determine the quality of the embryos cultured with PP. This study was supported by Scientific Net of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology.

scholarly journals Klebsiella pneumoniae Planktonic and Biofilm Reduction by Different Plant Extracts: In Vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Paula-Ramos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Rocha Santos ◽  
Daphne Camargo Reis Mello ◽  
Lígia Nishiama Theodoro ◽  
Felipe Eduardo De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
Microdilution Broth

This study evaluated the action of Pfaffia paniculata K., Juglans regia L., and Rosmarius officinalis L. extracts against planktonic form and biofilm of Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) values were determined for each extract by microdilution broth method, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Next, antimicrobial activity of the extracts on biofilm was analyzed. For this, standardized suspension at 107 UFC/mL of K. pneumoniae was distributed into 96-well microplates (n=10) and after 48 h at 37°C and biofilm was subjected to treatment for 5 min with the extracts at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%) were used to verify statistical significant reduction (p<0.05) of planktonic form and biofilm. P paniculata K., R. officinalis L., and J. regia L. showed reductions in biomass of 55.6, 58.1, and 18.65% and cell viability reduction of 72.4, 65.1, and 31.5%, respectively. The reduction obtained with P. paniculata and R. officinalis extracts was similar to the reduction obtained with chlorhexidine digluconate 2%. In conclusion, all extracts have microbicidal action on the planktonic form but only P. paniculata K. and R. officinalis L. were effective against biofilm.

Preparation of a Novel Complex Antimicrobial Agent and its Antimicrobial Activity In Vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1030-1038
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Wei Guo Wang ◽  
Yu Jia Cui ◽  
Yong Liang Zhao ◽  
Ya Nan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Novel Complex ◽  
Cefoperazone Sodium ◽  
Complex Antimicrobial Agent

Purpose To develop a novel complex antimicrobial agent and determine the optimal components of the composite antimicrobial agents and its antimicrobial activity in vitro. Methods According to antimicrobial mechanisms，antibacterial spectrums，physical and chemical properties and applicabilities of existing antimicrobial agents in clinical use, select out cefoperazone sodium, sulbactam sodium and cephradine as the basic components to make a novel complex antimicrobial agent. Utilize yeast, staphylococcus aureus and E. coli bacteria as test bacteria. Do the three factors four-level orthogonal experiments by the maximum amount, the middle amount, low amount and Minimum amount of the three-component agent to research the optimum ratio of the drug. Measure the titer of the compound antimicrobial agent by the way of tube-plate method (2 doses). With known contents of Penicillin Sodium for Injection as control, and determine its minimum inhibitory concentration against staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and yeast by using the agar doubling dilution method. The experimental results were analysized by statistical analysis software SPSS16.0. Results The results of the three factors four-level orthogonal experiments indicate the optimum ratios of Cefoperazone Sodium, Sulbactam Sodium and Cephradine against E. coli, yeast and staphylococcus aureus were 2:2:3, 1:2:2 and 2:6:5, their titers were 1353.9U/mg, 982.7U/mg and 1015.5U/mg. With the highest titer proportion 2:2:3 as the composition of the antimicrobial compound. This compound antimicrobial agent had a good antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and Fungi, its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and yeast were 2.000μg/ml, 0.500μg/ml and 16.000μg/ml. Conclusion This research acquires a composite of antibiotics. This antimicrobial compound has a broader spectrum and higher antimicrobial activity in vitro comparing with traditional common single antibiotics, and it especially has a good antimicrobial activity against fungi. The results set a scientific foundation for enriching clinical medicines.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE AMOUNT OF APICAL EXTRUSION OF BACTERIA FOLLOWING THE USE OF DIFFERENT INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES – AN IN VITRO STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Mithra N. Hegde ◽  
Snehal Thatte
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the amount of extrusion of bacteria beyond the apical foramen after instrumentation with Crown down and Step-back techniques using a manual and engine driven nickel-titanium instruments Materials and Methods: Seventy-five mandibular premolars with similar dimensions were used for the study. Access cavities prepared and root canals contaminated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis. The contaminated teeth were then divided into three experimental groups. Group 1(Crowndown group) divided into two: Group 1–A Hand files: root canals were instrumented using K-files and Group 1B – Rotary files: root canals were instrumented using ProTaper instruments. Group II (Step-back group) divided into two: Group II A– Hand files: root canals were instrumented using K-files and group II B–Rotary files: the root canals were instrumented using Light Speed LSX instruments. Group III (control group): no instrumentation was done.Bacteria were extruded after preparation were collected into vials, microbiological samples were incubated in culture media for 24hrs. The CFUs were determined for each sample. The data obtained was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Result: There was a significant difference in the amount of bacteria extruded by both Crowndown and Step-back. The Step- back hand method extruded significantly more bacteria when compared with Crowndown hand technique. Conclusion: All instrumentation techniques extruded intracanal bacteria apically. There was a significant difference in both the engine driven instrumentation techniques, while the hand instrumentation by Step-back extruded more bacteria.

scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of new steroidal hydrazone derivatives

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh Mistry ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
New Compounds

Abstract Background For many years, various drugs have been used for the treatment of infectious diseases but some bacterial microorganisms have induced resistance to several drugs. In a search of new antimicrobial agents, a series of new steroidal hydrazones were designed and synthesized. Result The structures of the compounds were established based on the spectral data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of some newly synthesized compounds against bacteria and fungi was studied. Conclusion New compounds showed better or similar antimicrobial activity. Designing more efficient steroidal hydrazones from ketosteroid based on the current study may successfully lead to the development of antimicrobial agent. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanocomposite film in combination with ε-poly-L-lysine against Foodborne pathogens in vacuum packaged beef

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumeh Samadi ◽  
Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush ◽  
Hamid Reza Gheisari
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mgo Nanoparticle

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanocomposite (MgO NC) film based on Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) alone or in combination with three concentrations of ε-poly-L-lysine (500, 1000 and 2000 µg/ml) on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes in culture media and fresh beef. Methods: MgO NC film were prepared by melt mixing LDPE and MgO nanoparticle in the extruder. For in vitro antibacterial analysis, the MgO NC film alone or in combination with polylysine were evaluated in tryptic soy broth for 5 days at 37 °C. For in vivo analysis, beef samples were inoculated with the selected bacteria and packaged in MgO NC film under vacuum and stored at 4 °C and evaluated for up to 20 days. Results: Polylysine had an antibacterial effect against E. coli and L. monocytogenes in TSB. But MgO NC film had a bacteriostatic effect only against E. coli. MgO NC film inhibited the growth of E. coli on the surface of beef samples. Pollysine at concentrations of 500 µg/ml or more showed inhibitory activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes in beef samples. No additional reduction was observed by combining the different concentrations of polylysine with MgO NC film.Conclusions: Polylysine at all concentrations had an inhibitory effect on E. coli and L. monocytogenes in the culture medium and beef. Although the migration of MgO nanoparticle from the film to beef was very low, but as it has little antimicrobial effect, it is not recommended as a suitable package for improving the safety of raw beef.

Antimicrobial Properties of Ag Nanoparticle-Incorporated Irreversible Hydrocolloid Impression Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 909 ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Norbu Penden Wangchuk ◽  
Pornrachanee Sawaengkit ◽  
Passiri Nisalak ◽  
Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽  
Boonyanit Thaweboon
Keyword(s):  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ag Nanoparticle ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Individual Culture ◽  
Irreversible Hydrocolloid ◽  
The Individual

Irreversible hydrocolloid impressions are easily contaminated with saliva and blood that are potentially capable of cross-infection. Disinfection with addition of Silver (Ag) nanoparticles into the impression material has been explored recently. This research aims to evaluate the in-vitro efficacy of Ag nanoparticle-incorporated irreversible hydrocolloid impression material. Ag nanoparticles (AgZrPO4, National Direct Network Company, Thailand) at concentrations of 0.50%, 1.00% and 1.50% w/w were added to powder of impression material (Kromopan, Lascod, Italy). Impression material samples were prepared on sterile plate in accordance with manufacturer’s instruction. After setting, a 100 microliter of P. aeruginosa ATCC 6538 and C. albicans ATCC 13803 suspension (106 cells/mL) were inoculated on the surface of the impression sample and left for 10 minutes. The amount of the P. aeruginosa and C. albicans on the surface was quantified using imprint technique on the individual culture media respectively. Impression materials incorporated with AgZrPO4 showed antimicrobial property against microbes compared with control (impression material without AgZrPO4). This beneficial effect can be used to reduce cross contamination. However, further investigations are required to study the physical properties of the Ag nanoparticle-incorporated impression material.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of acroseal, polifil and epiphany against Enterococcus faecalis

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ramos Pinheiro ◽  
Adriana Simionatto Guinesi ◽  
Antônio Carlos Pizzolitto ◽  
Idomeo Bonetti-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Microbial Growth Inhibition ◽  
Equidistant Points

Using the agar diffusion method, this study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the commercial endodontic sealers Acroseal and Epiphany, a castor-oil based experimental sealer, Polifil, and a primer agent (Epiphany self-etching primer), against Enterococcus faecalis. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement (ZOE) served as control. Five wells per dish were made at equidistant points and immediately filled with the test and control materials. After incubation of the dishes at 37ºC for 24 h and 48 h, the diameter of the zones of microbial growth inhibition produced around the wells was measured (in mm) with a millimeter rule. After 48 h, the diameters of the zones of microbial growth inhibition were the same as those observed at 24 h, only the substances continued to diffuse. Epiphany and Polifil did not show antibacterial activity (no formation of zones of microbial growth inhibition). The primer produced the largest zones of inhibition (17.62 mm) followed by Acroseal (7.25 mm) and ZOE (7.12 mm). E. faecalis was resistant to Epiphany and Polifil, while the primer and Acroseal sealer were effective against this microorganism under the tested conditions.

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