Activity of extracellular compounds of Pseudomonas sp. against Xanthomonas axonopodis in vitro and bacterial leaf blight in eucalyptus

In order to discover new lead compounds with high antibacterial activity, a series of new derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing a sulfonate or carboxylate moiety into the 1,3,4-oxadiazole structure. Antibacterial activity against two phytopathogens, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), was assayed in vitro. The preliminary results indicated that ten compounds including 4a-1-4a-4 and 4a-11-4a-16 had good antibacterial activity against Xoo, with EC50 values ranging from 50.1-112.5 µM, which was better than those of Bismerthiazol (253.5 µM) and Thiodiazole copper (467.4 µM). Meanwhile, 4a-1, 4a-2, 4a-3 and 4a-4 demonstrated good inhibitory effect against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri with EC50 values around 95.8-155.2 µM which were better than those of bismerthiazol (274.3 µM) and thiodiazole copper (406.3 µM). In addition, in vivo protection activity of compound 4a-2 and 4a-3 against rice bacterial leaf blight was 68.6% and 62.3%, respectively, which were better than bismerthiazol (49.6%) and thiodiazole copper (42.2%). Curative activity of compound 4a-2 and 4a-3 against rice bacterial leaf blight was 62.3% and 56.0%, which were better than bismerthiazol (42.9%) and thiodiazole copper (36.1%). Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, it was observed that compound 4a-2 caused the cell membrane of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ruptured or deformed. The present results indicated novel derivatives of 5-phenyl sulfonate methyl 1,3,4-oxadiazole might be potential antibacterial agents.

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Management of bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cymopsidis) of clusterbean in Rajasthan

Indian Phytopathology ◽

10.1007/s42360-020-00299-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. L. Godara ◽

Narendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis

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First Draft Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. eucalyptorum, Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight on Eucalypt

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00120-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (16) ◽

Author(s):

Yane F. Neves ◽

Samuel A. Santos ◽

Lúcio M. S. Guimarães ◽

Pedro M. P. Vidigal ◽

Jorge L. Badel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Genomic Data ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Content Type ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis

Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. eucalyptorum pathotype strain LPF602 (synonym Xanthomonas axonopodis BSC45a), isolated from eucalypt leaves showing bacterial blight symptoms in Brazil. The availability of these genomic data will help improve the understanding of the evolution and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this microorganism.

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SCREENING OF RHIZOBACTERIA FROM ONION RHIZOSPHERE CAN INDUCE SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON ONION PLANTS

10.31227/osf.io/6y89f ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Milda Ernita ◽

trimurti habazar ◽

jamsari ◽

nasrun

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Pseudomonas Sp ◽

Induce Systemic Resistance ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Blight Disease

In modern cultivation processes indiscriminate use of pesticides and fertilizers, has led to substantialpollution of soil, air and water. So, there is an urgent need to solve the problem. Rhizobacteria are bacteria thatcolonize plant roots, and these bacteria are known to stimulate growth and thereby reduce incidence of plantdisease by direct and indirect mechanisms. A total of 136 rhizobacteria isolates were isolated from differentrhizosphere soils in central areas of production of onions in Indonesia. These isolates were screened for theircapability to enhance growth and protect onions against bacterial leaf blight disease-caused by Xanthomonasaxonopodis pv.allii. The results showed that ten isolates can enhance growth and protect onions against bacterialleaf blight diseases. Five isolates were isolated from West Sumatra, four isolates from Java and one isolated fromNorth Sumatra. All isolates produced indol-3-acetic acid with different concentrations. Molecular identificationof ten isolates belong to Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Stenotrophomonas sp and Serratia sp.

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Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives Containing a Cinnamic Acid Moiety as Potential Bactericide for Rice Bacterial Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20051020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1020 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shaobo Wang ◽

Xiuhai Gan ◽

Yanju Wang ◽

Shaoyuan Li ◽

Chongfen Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cinnamic Acid ◽

Predictive Ability ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Acid Moiety ◽

Bacterial Diseases ◽

Oxadiazole Derivatives

Rice bacterial leaf blight and leaf streak are two important bacterial diseases of rice, which can result in yield loss. Currently, effective antimicrobials for rice bacterial diseases are still lacking. Thus, to develop highly effective and low-risk bactericides, 31 novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing a cinnamic acid moiety were designed and synthesized. Bioassay results demonstrated that all compounds exhibited good antibacterial activities in vitro. Significantly, compounds 5r and 5t showed excellent antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), with the 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of 0.58 and 0.34, and 0.44 and 0.20 μg/mL, respectively. These compounds were much better than thiodiazole copper (123.10 and 161.52 μg/mL) and bismerthiazol (85.66 and 110.96 μg/mL). Moreover, compound 5t had better protective and curative activities against rice bacterial leaf blight and leaf streak than thiodiazole copper and bismerthiazol in vivo. Simultaneously, the in vivo efficacy of the compounds was demonstrated by real-time quantitative PCR to quantify bacterial titers. In addition, a three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship model was created and presented good predictive ability. This work provides support for 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing a cinnamic acid moiety as a potential new bactericide for rice bacterial diseases.

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Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157990 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7990

Author(s):

Supatcharee Siriwong ◽

Wannaporn Thepbandit ◽

Nguyen Huy Hoang ◽

Narendra Kumar Papathoti ◽

Karsidete Teeranitayatarn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Target ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Extended Period ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Commercial Plant ◽

Strong Binding ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

Rice Seeds

This study focuses on a commercial plant elicitor based on chitooligosaccharides (BIG®), which aids in rice plant growth and disease resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BLB). When the pathogen (Xoo) vigorously attacks rice that has suffered yield losses, it can cause damage in up to 20% of the plant. Furthermore, Xoo is a seed-borne pathogen that can survive in rice seeds for an extended period. In this study, when rice seeds were soaked and sprayed with BIG®, there was a significant increase in shoot and root length, as well as plant biomass. Furthermore, BIG®-treated rice plants showed a significant reduction in BLB severity of more than 33%. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) analysis was used to characterize BIG®’s mechanism in the chemical structure of rice leaves. The SR-FTIR results at 1650, 1735, and 1114 cm−1 indicated changes in biochemical components such as pectins, lignins, proteins, and celluloses. These findings demonstrated that commercial BIG® not only increased rice growth but also induced resistance to BLB. The drug’s target enzyme, Xoo 1075 from Xanthomonas oryzae (PDB ID: 5CY8), was analyzed for its interactions with polymer ingredients, specifically chitooligosaccharides, to gain molecular insights down to the atomic level. The results are intriguing, with a strong binding of the chitooligosaccharide polymer with the drug target, revealing 10 hydrogen bonds between the protein and polymer. Overall, the computational analysis supported the experimentally demonstrated strong binding of chitooligosaccharides to the drug target.

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Potential of Bacillus subtilis for controlling bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(s5).011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (S5) ◽

pp. 124-130

Author(s):

K.S. Ku Asmah ◽

Z. Sapak

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Severity Index ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Disease Severity Index ◽

Rice Plants

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is an economically important disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) throughout the world. To control this disease, bacterial isolate of Bacillus subtilis UiTMB1 was screened for the antagonistic activity against the pathogen in vitro and in vivo studies. A bacterial assay and detached leaf technique were used to evaluate the potential of the bacterium against BLB pathogen in the laboratory. Meanwhile, the glasshouse study was conducted to further examine the aptitudes of the isolate on the disease control and growth-promoting of rice plants. The findings revealed that B. subtilis UiTMB1 is able to control the disease and enhance the growth of rice plants. Rice plants treated with B. subtilis UiTMB1 before being inoculated with BLB pathogen showed less severe disease symptoms with low disease severity index of 3.43 compared to rice plants without B. subtilis UiTMB1 with high disease severity index of 8.4. Besides controlling the disease, B. subtilis UiTMB1 was also promoting plant height, chlorophyll content, number of tillers and biomass of rice plants.

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AKTIVITAS ENZIM PEROKSIDASE BAWANG MERAH YANG DIINTRODUKSI DENGAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN TAHAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PV. ALLII)

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.216131-137 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Zurai Resti ◽

Trimurti Habazar ◽

Deddi Prima Putra ◽

Nasrum .

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽

Defense Enzyme ◽

Peroxidase Enzyme ◽

Induce Resistance ◽

Important Disease

Peroxidase enzyme activity of the introduced shallots with endophytic bacteria and resistant to bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii). Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii is an important disease in shallots. We have earned six isolates of endophytic bacteria, which have the ability to induce systemically resistance to shallots. One mechanism in induce resistance in plants is a change in the plant defense enzyme activity such as peroxidase. The purpose of this study was to calculate the peroxidase enzyme activity of shallots crop is being introduced with endophytic bacteria and is able to induce resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii. This research was conducted by introducing six isolates of endophytic bacteria on shallot bulbs and planted in greenhouse. Shallots crop that was 14 days old then inoculated with the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii and incubated until symptoms appear. Peroxidase enzyme activity was calculated on the roots and leaves of shallots are 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 30 days after inoculation (dai). The results showed an increase in the peroxidase enzyme activity of shallots crop is being introduced by endophytic bacteria compared to the control. Isolates ULG1E2 (Serratia marcescens PPM4) was isolate with the highest peroxidase enzyme activity both in the roots and leaves are 0,051 ìm/ ml.

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