scholarly journals Polymerase chain reaction using conjunctival swab samples for detecting Leishmania DNA in dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Araújo Magalhães ◽  
Kamily Fagundes Pussi ◽  
Hélton Krisman de Araújo ◽  
Silvia Barbosa do Carmo ◽  
Elisabete Friozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conjunctival Swab ◽  
Important Host ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Ocular Changes

Abstract The dog is the main domestic reservoir of Leishmania and font of infection for the vector, constituting an important host for the transmission of the parasite to humans. Non-invasive collection of swab samples for leishmaniasis diagnosis has been a promising alternative. This study analyzed the positivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis in conjunctiva samples. DNA extraction was performed using SDS 20% and PCR was performed using 13A/13B primers that amplify 120-bp of Leishmania kDNA. Of the 77 dogs analyzed, 50 (64.93%) had ocular changes: 25 (32.47%) dogs had periocular lesion, 41 (53.25%) dogs had purulent eye discharge, and 17 (22.08%) dogs had both signals. PCR was positive in 35 dogs (45.45%), and there was no significant difference between dogs with and without ocular signals (p=0.4074). PCR positivity was significant higher in dogs without periocular injury (p=0.0018). Conjunctive PCR, a less invasive, fast, and painless collection technique, is indicated to complement the diagnosis, especially in dogs without periocular injury, independent of the presence of purulent eye discharge.

scholarly journals Critical analysis: use of polymerase chain reaction to diagnose leprosy

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviane Granero Maltempe ◽  
Vanessa Pietrowski Baldin ◽  
Mariana Aparecida Lopes ◽  
Vera Lúcia Dias Siqueira ◽  
Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Biology Technique ◽  
Pcr Inhibitor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Techniques

ABSTRACT Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease and an important public health problem, especially in developing countries. It is a chronic infectious disease that is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which has a predilection for the skin and peripheral nerves. Although it has low sensitivity, slit-skin smear (SSS) remains the conventional auxiliary laboratory technique for the clinical diagnosis of leprosy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique that holds promise as a simple and sensitive diagnostic tool. In the present study, the performance of two PCR methods, using different targets, PCR-LP and PCR-P, were compared with SSS with regard to leprosy diagnosis in a reference laboratory. M. leprae DNA was extracted from 106 lymph samples of 40 patients who had clinical suspicion of leprosy. The samples were subjected to both PCR techniques and SSS. Amplification of the human b-globin gene was used as PCR inhibitor control. The specificity of both PCR techniques was 100%, and sensitivity was 0.007 and 0.015 µg/ml for PCR-LP and PCR-P, respectively. No significant difference was found between either the PCR-LP or PCR-P results and SSS results (p > 0.05). Although PCR is not yet a replacement for SSS in the diagnosis of leprosy, this technique may be used as an efficient auxiliary tool for early detection of the disease, especially in endemic regions. This strategy may also be useful in cases in which SSS results are negative (e.g., in paucibacillary patients) and cases in which skin biopsy cannot be performed.

Study of the HLA-DPβ1 Locus by the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique in Patients with Hodgkin's Disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guseppe Pellegris ◽  
Claudia Lombardo ◽  
Annelisa Cantoni ◽  
Liliana Devizzi ◽  
Monica Balzarotti
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background A number of reports have studied associations between Hodgkin's disease and HLA. Some of them established correlation between several antigens and Hodgkin's disease, and others found no correlations. Methods The HLA DP locus was determined by the polymerase chain reaction method in 31 Hodgkin's disease patients and 58 healthy controls. Results No significant difference between patients and controls was noted. Conclusions Further investigations are needed to confirm the hypothesis of a possible role of the HLA complex as one of the factors involved in Hodgkin's disease.

scholarly journals Impact of Respiratory Viral Panel Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Turnaround Time on Length of Stay and Antibiotic Use in Patients With Respiratory Viral Illnesses

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 640-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Choi ◽  
Rubiya Kabir ◽  
Pranisha Gautam-Goyal ◽  
Prashant Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Respiratory viral illnesses account for many hospitalizations and inappropriate antibiotic use. Respiratory viral panels by polymerase chain reaction (RVP-PCR) provide a reliable means of diagnosis. In 2015, the RVP-PCR assay at our institution was switched from respiratory viral panel (RVP) to rapid respiratory panel (rapid RP), which has a faster turnaround time (24 hours vs 12 hours, respectively). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of RVP-PCR tests on duration of antibiotic use and length of stay (LOS) in hospitalized patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who had a RVP-PCR ordered within a 1-year time period before and after the assay switch. Patients who were pregnant, had received antibiotics within 30 days prior to admission, were not discharged, or had not completed antibiotics by end of study period were excluded. Results: Data were obtained from a total of 140 patients (70 in each group). Of these, 25 (35.7%) in the RVP group and 28 (40.0%) in the rapid RP group had a positive result. The median LOS was 4.5 days (IQR, 3-9 days) in the RVP group and 5 days (IQR, 3-9 days) in the rapid RP group ( P = .78). The median duration of antibiotic use was 4 days (IQR, 2-7 days) in the RVP group and 5 days (IQR, 1-7 days) in the rapid RP group ( P = .8). Conclusion: Despite faster turnaround time, there was no significant difference in duration of antibiotic use, or LOS between the RVP and rapid RP groups.

scholarly journals MTHFRGene C677T Mutation andACEGene I/D Polymorphism in Turkish Patients with Osteoarthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Inanir ◽  
Serbulent Yigit ◽  
Sengul Tural ◽  
Osman Cecen ◽  
Eren Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Insertion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
C677t Mutation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Turkish Patients

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder resulting in destruction of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. In recent years, numerous genetic factors have been identified and implicated in osteoarthritis. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T mutation and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) variations on the risk of osteoarthritis.Genomic DNA is obtained from 421 persons (221 patients with osteoarthritis and 200 healthy controls).ACEgene I/D polymorphism genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction using I and D allele-specific primers. TheMTHFRC677T mutation was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. We found significant difference between the groups with respect to bothACEandMTHFRgenotype distributions (p< 0.001,p< 0.001 respectively). Our study suggests thatACEgene DD genotype andMTHFRgene CC genotype could be used as genetic markers in osteoarthritis in Turkish study populations.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Babesia bovis in cattle in Al-Qadisiyah province

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Noaman N. A,aiz
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Age And Sex

     This study aim to determine Babesia bovis infection in cattle based on genetic methods. A total of 96 blood samples were collected from alive and slaughtered cattle from different areas in addition to the abattoir of Al-Qadisiyah province from December 2013 to August 2014. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT.PCR) technique was used to detect the presence of the protozoan with the effect of animal's age and sex in the infection rate 47.91 % (46/96) of examined cattle were given positive result to B. bovis infection. The highest infections were shown among the adult cattle (≥1 year), while there was non-significant difference (P>0.05) in the infection rate according to the sex. So the most cattle in Al-Qadisiyah province appear to be bearing the infection predominantly as a carrier hosts.

scholarly journals Detection of Leptospira spp. using polymerase chain reaction technique from kidney of Rattus norvegicus from Grenada, West Indies

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Bhumika Sharma ◽  
Katelyn Thille ◽  
Nia Rametta ◽  
Ravindra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim: This study aimed to find out the prevalence of active infection of Leptospira spp. in Rattus norvegicus from Grenada, West Indies, through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-nine rats were trapped, anesthetized and their kidneys collected aseptically. DNA was extracted from the kidney tissue of each rat. PCR was performed targeting LipL32 gene. Eighteen PCR-positive amplicons for LipL32 gene segment were purified and sent for direct sequencing to the sequencing facility of MCLAB (South San Francisco, USA). Results of sequencing were read and interpreted. The prevalence of Leptospira spp. in relation to sex and age was also recorded. Results: All amplified sequences were compared to the sequences present in GenBank using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) from the online website National Center for Biotechnology Information, the results revealed that six samples had similarity to Leptospira interrogans strain 1399/2016 and eight samples had similarity with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis strain L49. Of 149 kidney samples, only 14 were positive for Leptospira spp. by PCR giving an incidence of 9.3%. There was no significant difference found in relation to sex and age. Conclusion: This is the first report confirming active infection of Leptospira spp. in Rattus norvegicus in Grenada using PCR. The presence of active infection in rats can be considered as high risk for humans. Further research to understand the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Grenada is suggested.

scholarly journals SIRT1 (rs3740051) role in pituitary adenoma development

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Liutkeviciene ◽  
Alvita Vilkeviciute ◽  
Greta Morkunaite ◽  
Brigita Glebauskiene ◽  
Loresa Kriauciuniene
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Our purpose was to determine if SIRT1 (rs4746720, rs3740051) genotypes have an influence on the development of pituitary adenoma (PA). Methods The study group included 142 patients with pituitary adenoma (PA) and the control group consisted of 826 healthy people. The genotyping of SIRT1 (rs4746720, rs3740051) was carried out using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results Statistically significant results were obtained in the analysis of SIRT1 rs3740051. Significant differences in genotype (G/G, G/A, A/A) distribution were obtained comparing patients with PA without recurrence and PA with recurrence (0, 17.9, 82.1% vs. 6.7, 6.7, 86.7%, respectively, p = 0.022). Also, statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the genotype (G/G, G/A, A/A) distribution in the non-invasive PA group and the invasive PA group (3.4, 25.9, 70.7% vs. 0, 8.3, 91.7%, respectively, p = 0.003), and allele G was less frequently observed in invasive PA, than in non-invasive PA (4.2% vs. 16.4%, p < 0,001). Further analysis revealed that G/A (OR = 0.261; 95% CI:0.099–0.689; p = 0.007) and each allele A (OR = 0.229; 95% CI:0.091–0.575; p = 0.002) were associated with lower odds of occurring an invasive PA. Conclusions Our study revealed that SIRT1 rs3740051 is associated with PA recurrence and invasiveness. The haplotype containing alleles C-A in rs12778366-rs3740051 was found to be associated with increased odds of PA development as well.

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