COVID19 threat to the world: current and possible diagnostic/treatment strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Mughees ◽  
Himanshu Chugh ◽  
Samar Naqvi ◽  
Saima Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The World

Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health among Children and Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-243
Author(s):  
Jessica N. Fish ◽  
Laura Baams ◽  
Jenifer K. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Youth Mental Health ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
The World ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) young people are coming of age at a time of dynamic social and political changes with regard to LGBTQ rights and visibility around the world. And yet, contemporary cohorts of SGM youth continue to evidence the same degree of compromised mental health demonstrated by SGM youth of past decades. The authors review the current research on SGM youth mental health, with careful attention to the developmental and contextual characteristics that complicate, support, and thwart mental health for SGM young people. Given a large and rapidly growing body of science in this area, the authors strategically review research that reflects the prevalence of these issues in countries around the world but also concentrate on how mental health concerns among SGM children and youth are shaped by experiences with schools, families, and communities. Promising mental health treatment strategies for this population are reviewed. The chapter ends with a focus on understudied areas in the SGM youth mental health literature, which may offer promising solutions to combat SGM population health disparities and promote mental health among SGM young people during adolescence and as they age across the life course.

Ayurvedic system a new possible safe and effective way to get rid of this critical nCOVID-19 pandemic situation- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumel Ashique ◽  
Navjot K Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
System A ◽  
The World

: The nCOVID-19 virus has become the most threatening infections disease all over the world. From the beginning till today a large number of researches is going on to develop appropriate therapeutics that can prevent and cure this viral infection successfully. But unfortunately, modern western medicine could not find any effective drug having no toxic effects on host cell. TCM (traditional Chinese Medicine) has shown promising effect against nCOVID-19. This TCM contains natural occurring herbal decoctions which showed promising blocking of viral progression in host cell. These ayurvedic formulations containing homeopathic medicine, unani medicine and yoga to challenge the virus. The traditional medicine system is unable to cure properly but it can be a possible preventing strategy to stop this virus pandemicity. This review focuses how the ayurvedic medicines, homeopathic treatment strategies and yoga can impact to prevent the viral infection.

Meningiomas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Hovinga ◽  
Y. Esquenazi ◽  
P. H. Gutin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Slow Growing

Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors and account for about one third of all primary brain and spinal tumors. They are classified according to the World Health Organization into 3 groups (I–III). Treatment strategies range from observation, surgery, and/or a radiation therapy. Many meningiomas are slow growing and discovered incidentally. Symptoms can vary widely, depending on the location. Patient’s specific factors and the location of the meningioma in relation to critical brain structures are all important factors in determining the optimal treatment. This chapter presents common clinical scenarios of meningioma. Differential diagnosis, perioperative workup, surgical nuances, and postoperative complications are discussed.

Report of an International Psychogeriatric Association Special Meeting Work Group; Under the Cosponsorship of Alzheimer's Disease International, the European Federation of Neurological Societies, the World Health Organization, and the World Psychiatric Association

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (S1) ◽  
pp. 11-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Reisberg ◽  
Alistair Burns ◽  
Henry Brodaty ◽  
Robin Eastwood ◽  
Martin Rossor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
European Federation ◽  
The World

Current knowledge with respect to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is reviewed. There is agreement that AD is a characteristic clinicopathologic entity that is amenable to diagnosis. The diagnosis of AD should no longer be considered one of exclusion. Rather, the diagnostic process is one of recognition of the characteristic features of AD and of conditions that can have an impact on presentation or mimic aspects of the clinicopathologic picture. The present availability of improved prognosis, management, and treatment strategies makes the proper, and state-of-the-art, diagnosis of AD a clinical imperative in all medical settings. Concurrently, information regarding the relevance and applicability of current diagnostic procedures in diverse cultural settings must continue to accrue.

Predicting the community prevalence of schistosomiasis mansoni from the prevalence among 7- to 14-year-olds

Parasitology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. RODRIGUES ◽  
J. G. WHEELER ◽  
R. SHIER ◽  
H. L. GUERRA ◽  
F. PIMENTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Indicator Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization suggested that the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni among 7- to 14-year-olds be used to guide treatment strategies in endemic areas. This study explores how well the prevalence in that age group predicted the overall prevalence in the community in data from stool examinations (Kato–Katz method) from 180000 people in 3 municipalities in Brazil in 1984 and 1985. The median prevalence was higher in 1984, before community treatment was introduced. There was a strong relationship between the prevalence among 7- to 14-year-olds and the overall prevalence in the community. We present sensitivities and positive predictive values for the use of prevalence in the indicator group to select communities for mass treatment as recommended by WHO. For a range of assumptions sensitivity and positive predictive value were never both above 80%. We suggest that the estimates of validity presented in this paper inform future evaluations of strategies for S. mansoni control.

scholarly journals The local anaesthetic procaine prodrugs ProcCluster® and Procaine-hydrochloride impair SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clio Häring ◽  
Josefine Schroeder ◽  
Bettina Loeffler ◽  
Beatrice Engert ◽  
Christina Ehrhardt
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Procaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
The World

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had the world in suspense for more than a year. Even if more and more vaccines are approved there is still an urgent need for efficient antiviral treatment strategies. Here, we present data on the inhibitory effect of the local anaesthetic procaine, especially the prodrugs ProcCluster® and Procaine-hydrochloride on SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Remarkably, similar effects could be shown on the replication of influenza A viruses in cell culture systems. Since the active ingredient procaine is well-tolerated and already used in the clinics for anaesthetic purposes, the further investigation of this substance could enable its reuse in antiviral therapy, including SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Diagnosis, Treatments and Prevention: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Soumik Chatterjee ◽  
Sabyasachi Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Novel Coronavirus are very harmful virus. This viruses have positive single stranded RNA genome and enveloped which is called nucleocapsid. The family of this virus is Coronaviridae. This virus originated from species of avian and mammalian. This virus effect on upper respiratory tract in humans. Many species of these novel coronaviruses (HCoVs) are named as HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63. Predominant species of this virus is Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) across the world.  In both adults and childrens HCoV-HKU1 sp. is causes for chronic pulmonary disease and HCoV-NL63 species causes for upper and lower respiratory tract disease. Most recent species of this virus is MERS-CoV. This species caused for acute pneumonia and occasional renal failure. The new strain of novel Coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2. This strain causes for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease named by the World Health Organization. Now world fighting against COVID-19 and according to the recent statistics report of world about the COVID-19 cases approx 22.6M confirmed cases and 792K death cases appeared and recovered 14.5M. COVID-19 disease starts to spread from December 2019 from china. Covid-19 disease is emerged in Wuhan seafood market at Wuhan of South China and then rapidly spread throughout the world. The corona virus outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of International concern by World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize the current clinical characteristics of coronavirus and diagnosis, treatments and prevention of COVID-19 disease. In this review article, we analyze data from various Research Reports like WHO guidelines and other articles. It is very important to the readers that new data of COVID-19 updating nearly every hour of day regarding clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and outcomes COVID-19 disease. The degree of COVID-19 disease varying throughout the world. COVID-19 affected patient shows various symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The COVID-19 disease is being treated through general treatment like symptomatic treatment, by using antiviral drugs, oxygen therapy and by the immune system. There is no vaccine or therapeutic strategies for deal with this disease yet. In this critical situation preventive measures must be require.  A very important issue in preventing viral infection is hand hygiene. There are other entities that people can boosting the immune system and help in infection prevention.

scholarly journals The use of Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Kamer Tecen-Yücel ◽  
Emre Kara ◽  
Kutay Demirkan ◽  
Serhat Ünal
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Human Infectious Disease

COVID-19 is a newly emerging human infectious disease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) origin described as a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on March 11, 2020. There is currently no definitive cure for COVID-19; however, among the many treatment strategies, hydroxychloroquine has been suggested as a potential treatment. The purpose of this article was to review the pharmacological properties and mechanism of COVID-19 treatment with hydroxychloroquine and its potential use on the current COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Trends in snakebite mortality in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Suraweera ◽  
David Warrell ◽  
Romulus Whitaker ◽  
Geetha R Menon ◽  
Rashmi Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization call to halve global snakebite deaths by 2030 will requires substantial progress in India. We analyzed 2,833 snakebite deaths from 611,483 verbal autopsies in the nationally representative Indian Million Death Study from 2001-14, and conducted a systematic literature review from 2000-19 covering 87,590 snakebites. We estimate that India had 1.2 million snakebite deaths (average 58,000/year) from 2000-19. Nearly half occurred at ages 30-69 years and over a quarter in children <15 years. Most occurred at home in rural areas. About 70% occurred in eight higher-burden states and half during the rainy season and at low altitude. The risk of an Indian dying from snakebite before age 70 is about 1 in 250, but notably higher in some areas. More crudely, we estimate 1.11-1.77 million bites occurred in 2015, of which 70% showed symptoms of envenomation. Prevention and treatment strategies might substantially reduce snakebite mortality in India.

scholarly journals Agent-based modeling of persons who inject drugs in metropolitan Chicago suggests that re-treatment with antivirals of persons who are re-infected with Hep C is critical to achieve the WHO incidence reduction objective by 2030

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tatara ◽  
Alexander Gutfraind ◽  
Nicholson T. Collier ◽  
Scott J. Cotler ◽  
Marian Major ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Direct Acting

ABSTRACTHepatitis C (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and mortality worldwide. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at the highest risk for acquiring and transmitting HCV infection. We developed an agent-based model (ABM) to identify and optimize direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy scale-up and treatment strategies for achieving the World Health Organization (WHO) goals of HCV elimination by the year 2030. DAA is highly efficacious, but may require re-treatment particularly among PWID who at risk for reinfection after cure. Using an ABM approach, we predict that this prohibition will jeopardize achieving the WHO’s goal of reducing 90% of HCV incidence by 2030. We found that DAA scale-up rates of greater than or equal to 5% per year can achieve the WHO target of 90% incidence reduction. Our model simulations underscore the importance of DAA scale-up that includes re-treatment of re-infected individuals in order to achieve significant reductions in incidence.FUNDINGThis research is supported by NIH grant R01GM121600.

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