Edible Mushroom Protein Content and Antioxidant Capacity Increase the Longevity of Anastrepha ludens Fruit Flies

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable on meatballs characteristics and get a comparison of mackerel with specific gonda vegetable that can produce meatballs with the best characteristics. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment that is the comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable consisting of 6 levels: 100%: 0%; 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%; 80%: 20%; 75%: 25%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 18 units. The data is then analyzed by analysis of variance and if the treatment influences the proposed variable then it is continued by Duncan. The results showed that the comparison of mackerel and gonda vegetable had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity, color (scoring), texture, aroma, overall acceptance and no significant effect for texture, aroma and taste. Comparison of 80% mackerel and 20% gonda vegetables had the best characteristics, with 62.99% water content, 1.56% ash content, 1.28% fat content, 8.75% protein content, 25.43% carbohydrate content, 18.39% total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity 25.63%. Sensory properties obtained are color (rather green, rather like), texture (rather like), flavor (liked) and overall acceptance (like).

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Antioxidant Capacity and the Correlation with Major Phenolic Compounds, Anthocyanin, and Tocopherol Content in Various Extracts from the Wild EdibleBoletus edulisMushroom

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/313905 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Emanuel Vamanu ◽

Sultana Nita

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Edible Mushroom ◽

Tocopherol Content ◽

Hot Water ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Freeze Dried

Boletus edulisis a wild edible mushroom habitually consumed by rural populations. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts was obtained in cold and hot water from dried fruit bodies. The antioxidant activity of freeze-dried extracts fromB. eduliswere investigated using free radicals scavenging activity, reducing power, metal chelating effect, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and the identification of antioxidant compounds. The levels of different compounds with antioxidant properties were higher in alcoholic extracts compared with aqueous extracts. Rosmarinic acid was the major phenolic compound, it being identified in a concentration between7±0.23and56±0.15 mg/100 g extract. A positive correlation between the content of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tocopherols, and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Romanian wild mushroomB. edulisrepresents a natural source of functional compounds.

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Season, Hour of Release and Holding Time as Determinants of Persistence of Mass Reared, Sterilized Mexican Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) at a Release Site

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-37.1.41 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Donald B. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Release Site ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Target Site ◽

Holding Time ◽

Anastrepha Ludens ◽

Temperature Extremes

Persistence of mass-reared, radiosterilized Mexican fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), released at a target site was measured by trap-back. Released flies persisted in greater numbers during the winter months, with lowest numbers recovered in the summertime. Nocturnal releases were equally effective as morning releases in terms of persistence. Afternoon releases yielded better results in the winter but should be avoided in summer. Lowest persistence occurred in months with temperature extremes.

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Biological attributes of diapausing and non-diapausing Doryctobracon areolatus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a parasitoid of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera, Tephritidae) fruit flies

Journal of Hymenoptera Research ◽

10.3897/jhr.78.52269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. 41-56

Author(s):

Jassmin Cruz-Bustos ◽

Pablo Montoya ◽

Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud ◽

Javier Valle-Mora ◽

Pablo Liedo

Keyword(s):

Female Offspring ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Pupal Weight ◽

Adult Longevity ◽

Anastrepha Ludens ◽

Starvation Resistance ◽

Flight Ability ◽

Laboratory Colony ◽

Biological Attributes

Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), a solitary endoparasitoid native to the Neotropics, attacks eggs and early instar larvae of Anastrepha fruit flies, and can enter diapause under tropical and subtropical conditions. We aimed to test if biological attributes, such as size, flight ability, starvation resistance, longevity and fecundity of diapausing individuals differ from those of non-diapausing ones. Parasitoids were obtained from a laboratory colony reared on Anastrepha ludens (Loew) larvae. Parasitized host puparia were sorted in two cohorts according to their diapause condition. Developmental time from egg to adult ranged from 18 to 31 days in non-diapausing parasitoids, and 70 to 278 days for diapausing individuals. Pupal weight and adult measurements were higher in non-diapausing than in diapausing parasitoids. There were no differences in adult longevity, starvation resistance, and emergence between diapausing and non-diapausing wasps. Flight ability and fecundity rates were greater in the non-diapausing than in the diapause cohort. The proportion of female offspring was greater in the non-diapausing cohort (42.5%), whereas in the diapausing cohort the male offspring proportion was greater (62.4%). Both cohorts produced diapause offspring, but the non-diapausing cohort produced more (26.6%) than the diapausing one (9.1%). Maternal age had a significant effect on the proportion of diapause offspring: in 26 to 34 days old non-diapausing females, 78.9% of their offspring entered into diapause. These results confirmed that diapause affects the biological attributes of D. areolatus. The observed differences contribute to better understand the diapause influence on the colonization and rearing process of this species and its use as biocontrol agent.

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Analisa Kadar Protein Jamur Alam yang Dominan Dikonsumsi Masyarakat Lokal di Kabupaten Lanny Jaya

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.461 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 70-74

Author(s):

Sarah Yigibalom ◽

Supeni Sufaati ◽

Vita Purnamasari

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Protein Content ◽

Edible Mushroom ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Local Communities ◽

Local People ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Kjeldahl Method ◽

Wild Edible Mushroom

Wild edible mushroom is one of the Indonesian biodiversity richness. However, only a few of them had been utilized by human. Lanny Jaya is regency that located in the highland of Papua in which the community depend much on the natural resources to fulfill their basic needs of life. This study has aim to collect and analyze protein content of wild edible mushroom which was commonly consumed by local communities at Lanny Jaya. Collected samples were described based on habitat and morphological characters such as the shape, size and color of the mushroom, then protein were analyzed by Kjeldahl method. The result showed that there was 4 (four) species of wild edible mushroom that commonly consume in Lanny Jaya, namely: Obon, Punawi, Nambu and Enggambi. The highest protein content was Obon (35,03%), followed by Punawi (31,81%), and Nambu (28%), while the last was Enggambi (18,91%). Those wild edible mushroom can be used as an alternative protein source for the local people especially in remote areas. Key words: protein, fungi, edible, local people, Lanny Jaya.

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Antioxidant properties of processed cheese spread after freeze-dried and oven-dried grape skin powder addition

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 230-238

Author(s):

Michaela Frühbauerová ◽

Libor Červenka ◽

Tomáš Hájek ◽

Richardos Nikolaos Salek ◽

Helena Velichová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Protein Content ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Grape Skin ◽

Processed Cheese ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Phenolic Substances

Processed cheese spread (PCS) is a popular product with high nutritional value and containing protein, fat and minerals. Grape skin is waste from winery processing plants that still has phenolic substances with significant antioxidant activity that could be used for valorisation of processed cheese and increasing the content of nutrients, phenolics and overall antioxidant properties. Both oven-dried (OD) and freeze-dried (FD) grape skin (GS) powder was characterised by the principal ingredients, the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Similarly, the influence of the addition of OD-GS and FD-GS powders on processed cheese spread (PCS) at 1% and 2% (w/w) levels were examined. The OD-GS and FD-GS powders were characterised by protein content, fat content, moisture and dietary fibre, thus showing that drying technique did not affect those parameters. The OD-GS powder exhibited higher content of rutin, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and total flavonoid content (TFC), while higher total phenolic content (TPC) and ABTS radical cation were observed for freeze-dried GS powder. Fortification of PCS with 1% and 2% (w/w) of GS powder increased protein content. An ANOVA procedure revealed that addition of FD-GS powder to processed cheese spread was superior to TPC values together with rutin, (+)-catechin, and (-)-epicatechin contents. The higher phenolic contents reflected the higher antioxidant capacity of PCS samples fortified with FD-GS powder. Freeze-dried gape skin powder was the better choice for valorisation of processed cheese spread.

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