Oestrogen dependence of lactate dehydrogenase and peroxidase in cell subpopulations of 7,12-dimethylbenz[α] anthracene-induced mammary tumours in the rat

ABSTRACT Recent investigations of certain enzymes as markers for predicting the response of breast tumours to hormonal therapy have neglected the possible differential contribution of cell subpopulation(s) within a solid tumour to enzyme activity. In this investigation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and peroxidase activities in density-defined cell subpopulations from autotransplanted 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene-induced mammary tumours were determined. The effects of ovariectomy and subsequent oestrogen administration on the activity of these enzymes were also examined. Five cell subpopulations (cell bands) were routinely obtained from each mammary tumour. The highest LDH activity was found in cell band 4. The highest level of peroxidase activity was found in cell band 5. These two cell bands with high levels of enzyme activity consisted mainly of poorly differentiated cells. After bilateral ovariectomy, a significant (P < 0·001) decrease in the level of LDH activity in cell bands 3, 4 and 5 was observed. The enzyme activity was reduced to 20, 2·1 and 12% of the preovariectomy levels respectively. Significant (P < 0·05) decreases between baseline and postovariectomy peroxidase values were evident in each cell band. In the presence of oestradiol-17β, significant increases in the LDH activity of band 4 (P < 0·001) and the peroxidase activity of band 5 (P < 0·05) were observed. Our data suggest that, given the existence of multiple cell types in hormone-responsive tumour tissue, the actual cell subpopulation(s) responsible for any enzyme response may be a more precise indicator of hormone dependence. J. Endocr. (1984) 101, 21–26

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In Vivo Enzymes Activities of Some Ru(II) Compounds with N-Alkylphenothiazines

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.1515/acve-2016-0043 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 497-508

Author(s):

P. Milena Krstić ◽

Z. Sunčica Borozan ◽

P. Sofija Sovilj ◽

R. Sanja Grgurić-Šipka ◽

M. Jelena Oljarević

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Normal Activity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Toxic Compounds ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Ldh Activity

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the effects of two ruthenium complexes with trifluoperazine on acethylcholinesterase enzyme activity and lactate dehydrogenase levels in vivo under physiological conditions in rats blood. Complexes 1 and 2 showed positive effects on acethylcholinesterase at all doses and did not disturb its normal activity. Total LDH activity was inhibited in the presence of both complexes, but Ru(II) complexes showed different effects on the activity of LDH isoenzymes. The activities of LDH1 and LDH2 isoenzymes were decreased in all applied doses of the complex 2, while the activity of LDH2 reduced using complex 1 in the same doses. Results of the present study suggest the neuro- and cardio protective potential of oral administration of complexes 1 and 2, as non-toxic compounds under physiological conditions. These protective effects are the result of their potent antioxidant activity.

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Effects of increasing water temperature and decreasing water oxygen concentration on enzyme activity in developing carp embryos (Cyprinus carpio)

Fisheries & Aquatic Life ◽

10.2478/aopf-2021-0004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 35-44

Author(s):

Oleksandr M. Vodianitskyi ◽

Oleksandr S. Potrokhov ◽

Oleg G. Zinkovskyi ◽

Yurii M. Khudiiash ◽

Mykola V. Prychepa

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Aerobic Respiration ◽

Embryo Viability ◽

Fish Embryo ◽

Ldh Activity ◽

Water Oxygen ◽

Fish Spawning

Abstract Climate change inevitably leads to increased water temperatures, which is especially important in natural spawning grounds during mass fish spawning. Studies were performed to determine the effects of increased water temperature with decreased water oxygen concentrations on the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and succinate dehydrogenase in developing carp embryos. The activities of ATP and LDH decreased several times when water temperature increased from 24 to 31°C. LDH activity increased up to 1.9 times. Thus, the fish embryos used glycolysis to a greater extent, the level of their aerobic respiration decreased, and mineral exchange with the environment was weakened. These phenomena could have disrupted embryonic development and decreased fish embryo viability.

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Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00025-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 79 (8) ◽

pp. 3445-3454 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Anne-Marie Chaussé ◽

Olivier Grépinet ◽

Elisabeth Bottreau ◽

Yves Le Vern ◽

Pierrette Menanteau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Cell Types ◽

Carrier State ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Content Type ◽

Downstream Effectors ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Cell Subpopulations

ABSTRACTToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans toSalmonellainfection. In chickens,Salmonellamay establish a carrier state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the host organism without triggering clinical signs. Based on cellular morphological parameters, we developed a method, without using antibodies, to separate three cecal cell subpopulations: lymphocytes, enterocytes, and a population encompassing multiple cell types. We analyzed the mRNA expression of TLR4, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, IL-12, and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha factor (LITAF) in cecal subpopulations of chicks from inbred lines resistant or susceptible to the carrier state infected withSalmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis. The results showed that resistance to the carrier state in chicks is associated with a larger percentage of lymphocytes and with higher levels of expression of TLR4 and IL-8 at homeostasis in the three cell subpopulations, as well as with a higher level of expression of LITAF in lymphocytes during the carrier state. In contrast to the early phase of infection, the carrier state is characterized by no major cell recruitment differences between infected and noninfected animals and no significant modification in terms of TLR4, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-12, and LITAF expression in all cell subpopulations measured. However, TLR4 expression increased in the lymphocytes of chicks from the susceptible line, reaching the same level as that in infected chicks from the resistant line. These observations suggest that the carrier state is characterized by a lack of immune activation and highlight the interest of working at the level of the cell population rather than that of the organ.

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Effects of Glyphosate on Enzyme Activity and Serum Glucose in Rats Rattus norvegicus

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.1515/acve-2016-0018 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 214-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Edhem Hasković ◽

Melina Pekić ◽

Muhamed Fočak ◽

Damir Suljević ◽

Lejla Mešalić

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Metabolic Activity ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Ldh Activity ◽

Stress Energy ◽

Liver Transaminases ◽

Hepatocyte Damage

Abstract Glyphosate is a pesticide that influences many blood parameters if taken orally or subcutaneously. This pesticide causes important changes in the metabolic activity which can be measured by organospecific enzyme activity such as liver aminotransferases (AST and ALT), while glucose acts as a stress, energy and metabolism indicator after acute glyphosate exposure. In this research, glyphosate was applied subcutaneously to rats, administrated each 24 hours for a 15 days period. The concentration of the applied glyphosate was 2.8 g/kg. The experimental rats were 13 weeks old. The concentration of serum glucose, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and liver transaminases (AST and ALT) were observed as indicators of metabolic changes after treatment. It was observed that glyphosate led to a statistically significant decrease of serum glucose level. Statistically significantly increased (p<0.05) AST, ALT and LDH activities are indicators of hepatocyte damage while LDH activity demonstrates damage of other tissues.

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Lactate dehydrogenase activity staining demonstrates time-dependent immune cell infiltration in human ex-vivo burn-injured skin

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00644-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joshua Cuddihy ◽

Gongjie Wu ◽

Laptin Ho ◽

Hiromi Kudo ◽

Andreas Dannhorn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Cell Types ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Cellular Infiltration ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽

Burn Wounds ◽

Ldh Activity

AbstractBurn injuries constitute one of the most serious accidental injuries. Increased metabolic rate is a hallmark feature of burn injury. Visualising lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity has been previously used to identify metabolic activity differences, hence cell viability and burn depth in burn skin. LDH activity was visualised in injured and uninjured skin from 38 sub-acute burn patients. LDH activity aided the identification of spatially correlating immunocompetent cells in a sub-group of six patients. Desorption Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Imaging (DESI MSI) was used to describe relative lactate and pyruvate abundance in burned and uninjured tissue. LDH activity was significantly increased in the middle and deep regions of burnt skin compared with superficial areas in burnt skin and uninjured tissue and positively correlated with post-burn time. Regions of increased LDH activity showed high pyruvate and low lactate abundance when examined with DESI-MSI. Areas of increased LDH activity exhibited cellular infiltration, including CD3 + and CD4 + T-lymphocytes and CD68 + macrophages. Our data demonstrate a steady increase in functional LDH activity in sub-acute burn wounds linked to cellular infiltration. The cell types associated are related to tissue restructuring and inflammation. This region in burn wounds is likely the focus of dysregulated inflammation and hypermetabolism.

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Long Noncoding RNAs in Yeast Cells and Differentiated Subpopulations of Yeast Colonies and Biofilms

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2018/4950591 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Derek Wilkinson ◽

Libuše Váchová ◽

Otakar Hlaváček ◽

Jana Maršíková ◽

Gregor D. Gilfillan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Noncoding Rnas ◽

Cell Types ◽

Long Noncoding Rnas ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Specific Cell ◽

Differentiated Cells ◽

Cell Subpopulations ◽

Regulatory Functions ◽

Changes Over Time

We summarize current knowledge regarding regulatory functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in yeast, with emphasis on lncRNAs identified recently in yeast colonies and biofilms. Potential regulatory functions of these lncRNAs in differentiated cells of domesticated colonies adapted to plentiful conditions versus yeast colony biofilms are discussed. We show that specific cell types differ in their complements of lncRNA, that this complement changes over time in differentiating upper cells, and that these lncRNAs target diverse functional categories of genes in different cell subpopulations and specific colony types.

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treeclimbR pinpoints the data-dependent resolution of hierarchical hypotheses

10.1101/2020.06.08.140608 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ruizhu Huang ◽

Charlotte Soneson ◽

Pierre-Luc Germain ◽

Thomas S.B. Schmidt ◽

Christian Von Mering ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Synthetic Data ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Disease Status ◽

Cell Types ◽

Cell Subpopulation ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Research Fields ◽

A Cell ◽

Cell Subpopulations

AbstractThe arrangement of hypotheses in a hierarchical structure (e.g., phylogenies, cell types) appears in many research fields and indicates different resolutions at which data can be interpreted. A common goal is to find a representative resolution that gives high sensitivity to identify relevant entities (e.g., microbial taxa or cell subpopulations) that are related to a phenotypic outcome (e.g. disease status) while controlling false detections, therefore providing a more compact view of detected entities and summarizing characteristics shared among them. Current methods, either performing hypothesis tests at an arbitrary resolution or testing hypotheses at all possible resolutions leading to nested results, are suboptimal. Moreover, they are not flexible enough to work in situations where each entity has multiple features to consider and different resolutions might be required for different features. For example, in single cell RNA-seq data, an increasing focus is to find differential state genes that change expression within a cell subpopulation in response to an external stimulus. Such differential expression might occur at different resolutions (e.g., all cells or a small set of cells) for different genes. Our new algorithm treeclimbR is designed to fill this gap by exploiting a hierarchical tree of entities, proposing multiple candidates that capture the latent signal and pinpointing branches or leaves that contain features of interest, in a data-driven way. It outperforms currently available methods on synthetic data, and we highlight the approach on various applications, including microbiome and microRNA surveys as well as single cell cytometry and RNA-seq datasets. With the emergence of various multi-resolution genomic datasets, treeclimbR provides a thorough inspection on entities across resolutions and gives additional flexibility to uncover biological associations.

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Transcriptome Remodeling of Differentiated Cells during Chronological Ageing of Yeast Colonies: New Insights into Metabolic Differentiation

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2018/4932905 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Derek Wilkinson ◽

Jana Maršíková ◽

Otakar Hlaváček ◽

Gregor D. Gilfillan ◽

Eva Ježková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Cell Types ◽

Metabolic Reprogramming ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Differentiated Cells ◽

L Cell ◽

Homogeneous Cell ◽

Cell Subpopulations ◽

Cell Colony ◽

Homogeneous Cell Population

We present the spatiotemporal metabolic differentiation of yeast cell subpopulations from upper, lower, and margin regions of colonies of different ages, based on comprehensive transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, the analysis was extended to include smaller cell subpopulations identified previously by microscopy within fully differentiated U and L cells of aged colonies. New data from RNA-seq provides both spatial and temporal information on cell metabolic reprogramming during colony ageing and shows that cells at marginal positions are similar to upper cells, but both these cell types are metabolically distinct from cells localized to lower colony regions. As colonies age, dramatic metabolic reprogramming occurs in cells of upper regions, while changes in margin and lower cells are less prominent. Interestingly, whereas clear expression differences were identified between two L cell subpopulations, U cells (which adopt metabolic profiles, similar to those of tumor cells) form a more homogeneous cell population. The data identified crucial metabolic reprogramming events that arise de novo during colony ageing and are linked to U and L cell colony differentiation and support a role for mitochondria in this differentiation process.

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