Effects of the uterus and the ovaries on growth, somatotrophin and somatomedin A in developing rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
J. C. Biro ◽  
P. Eneroth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Plasma Hormone

ABSTRACT The effects of hysterectomy and ovariectomy on plasma concentrations of GH, somatomedin A, TSH and thyroxine (T4) were studied in developing rats. Four groups of 24-day-old rats were ovariectomized, ovohysterectomized, hysterectomized or sham-operated. Their weights, lengths and plasma hormone concentrations were measured at 26, 43, 64, 78 and 92 days of age to investigate pre- and postpubertal differences caused by the uterus or ovaries. Plasma concentrations of the hormones examined showed a successive rise with time, but GH and somatomedin A concentrations rose mainly after the opening of the vagina (days 50–55). Higher GH and somatomedin A concentrations were found in the plasma of ovariectomized animals than in ovohysterectomized controls before puberty (GH: 260–300%, P<0·01; somatomedin A: 25–30%, P<0·05). Ovariectomized animals weighed more than ovohysterectomized females after puberty (4·5–6%, P<0·01). This indicated that the uterus exerted a stimulatory effect on GH-somatomedin A regulation and body weight gain in the absence of the ovaries. Significantly lower plasma somatomedin A (but not GH) concentrations were found in hysterectomized and sham-operated animals than in their respective controls after puberty (30–39%, P<0·01) and their final body weight was lower (22–26%, P<0·001). There were no consecutive uterus- or ovary-related changes in plasma TSH and T4 levels. It was concluded that both the uterus and ovaries had significant as well as opposite effects on somatomedin A and body weight with the effects of the ovaries being greater than those of the uterus. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 21–26

The effects of oil palm leaf meal-based diets on the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A.I. Ukanwoko ◽  
C.T. Alfred
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Palm Leaf

An experiment was carried out to determine the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats placed on oil palm leaf meal (OPLM)-wheat offal based diet. Six goats aged 12-18 months, weighing 15 – 20kg were randomly assigned to three treatments, comprising two animals each in a Completely Randomized Design. Each animal received 1kg of the diet daily for 56 days and weighed weekly. Results showed that final body weight was significant (P<0.05) with goats on T3 having the highest (21.50kg). The feed intake, body weight gain and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were significantly different (P<0.05). T3 had the highest feed intake (305.35g/d), highest body weight gain (90.84g/d) and the best FCR (3.36). Significant differences (P <0.05) were observed in the Red Blood Cell (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) counts, ranging between 3.12 - 4.20x106ml; 23.00 -30.50% and 7.70 - 10.15g/dl respectively with goats on T3 having the highest.  The inclusion of OPLM enhanced body weight gain, FCR, RBC, PCV, and Hb counts of the goats. Therefore the oil palm leaf meal diets are recommended for better goat production. Key word: Growth performance; Oil Palm Leaf meal., Blood profile., Creatinine., Red Sokoto Goat.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of effects of different sources of groundnut meals on digestibility, growth performance and economics of production of growing rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-283
Author(s):  
K. T. Orayaga ◽  
P. M. Goholshak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Groundnut Cake

Three groundnut meals namely: groundnut cake (GNC), locally processed groundnut cake (kulikuli) and toasted groundnut seed(kernel) meal (TGSM) were incorporated in rabbit diets at two levels to generate six diets: 18% GNC, 22% GNC, 18% Kulikuli, 22% Kulikuli, 18% TGSM and 22% TGSM respectively, and 18% GNC also served as the control diet. Twenty four (24) six weeks-old growing rabbits of mixed breeds and sexes with mean initial weight of 568.75±l2.85g were randomly allocated to the six dietary treatment groups, such that each had four rabbits and each rabbit formed a replicate in a completely randomized design laid out in a 2X3 factorial arrangement and fed ad libitum, for 70 days. The main effects showed that while the treatment groups fed TGSM were significantly depressed (p<0.05). rabbits fed GNC and kulikuli were not significantly different (p>0.05) for average daily feed intake, daily body weight gain and final body weight. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not significantly (p >0.05) affected among treatment groups. Rabbits fed TGSM had significantly (p<0.05) better apparent digestibility coefficient (78.04%) than those on kulikuli (75.81%6) and the group on kulikuli were better than animals fed GNC (72.09%) for fat digestibility. Fibre digestibility was also significantly different (p <0.05), with rabbits fed kulikuli having the poorest fibre digestion (15.63 %). Crude protein, dry matter and NFE apparent digestibility coefficients were not significantly (p >0.05) affected. Among all the parameters measured, only fat and fibre digestibility coefficients had significant (p <0.05) interactions and NFE digestibility was significantly affected (p <0.05) by level of inclusion, with groups fed 22% digesting it better. Feed cost kg gain did not differ significantly (p >0.05) among the treatment groups. Growth was still on the rise and there was a significantly (P<0.01) strong relationship (correlation and regression) between feed intake and weight gain for all the treatment groups. was concluded that both kulikuli and TGSM are potential feed resources for rabbits, more available to house hold farmers, equally economical as GNC and better still if groundnut farmers and or processors of kulikuli raise rabbits, though TGSM had less value for growth rate compared to GNC and Kulikuli at these levels of inclusion

scholarly journals Efficacy of tulsi leaves and neem leaves extract in broiler production

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khatun ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
F Alom ◽  
J Uddin ◽  
MN Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Group A

The efficacy of tulsi (Ocimum sactum) and neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves extract as a growth promoter were studied in broiler. A total of 40 day-old broiler chicks were purchased from Kazi hatchery and after three days of acclimatization the chicks were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). No vaccination schedule was practiced and no antibiotic was added in ration of group A, B, C, and D respectively. Group A served control without any supplements while group B, C and D were supplemented with combination of tulsi and neem extract @ 1 ml, 2ml and 3 ml/liter of drinking water. Live body weight gain was recorded weekly up to 6th weeks and hematological studies were performed at 21st and 42nd day of experiments. At the end of 42nd day of experiment final body weight of group A, B, C and D were 1561± 12.10 g, 1698± 12.87 g, 1608± 12.04 g and 1763± 13.28 g, respectively. The birds of group D utilized their feed more efficiently among the treatment groups (p<0.05). The net body weight gain were, 1533± 11.98 g, 1443± 11.32 g and 1588± 12.10 g in treated groups compared to control group (1393± 11.07 g ) and total net profit per broiler was 19.08, 40.10, 20.68 and 45.07 Taka , respectively. Hematological parameterss (TEC, PCV, Hb and ESR) were not significantly changed among the treated and control group suggesting no side effects of herbal extracts in broiler. It can be concluded that tulsi and neem extract is economic and safe in broiler production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.17728 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 1- 5

scholarly journals Growth performance, haematological and biochemical indices of grazed Red Sokoto bucks supplemented with dried ripe plantain peels.

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270
Author(s):  
A. I. Ukanwoko ◽  
N. C. Douglas ◽  
N. C. Igwe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Biochemical Indices

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and blood profile of grazedRed Sokoto bucks supplemented with dried ripe plantain peels. Nine bucks were used for thisexperiment. The goats were apportioned to three treatment diets and dried ripe plantainpeels incorporated at 0%, 5% and 10% inclusion levels for T , T and T respectively. The 1 2 3,bucks were taken out for grazing in the morning (9.00am – 12noon) and thereafter fed theexperimental diet. The experiment lasted for eight (8) weeks. The animals were weighed atthe beginning of the experiment and weekly afterwards. Feed intake was calculated as thedifference between feed served and refusal. Blood samples of the bucks were collected todetermine the blood profile using disposable syringes and sterile needles. Results showedthat the final body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) differedsignificantly (P<0.05). The final body weight, body weight gain and FCR were 18.02kg,2.01kg, 3.42; 20.75kg, 3.89kg, 1.26 and 21.35kg, 4.80kg, 1.10 for T , T and T respectively. 1 2 3,Platelet, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), urea and creatinine values differedsignificantly (P<0.05). The highest platelet was recorded for bucks on T (212.91x10 3/ul) 3while the lowest was for bucks on T (202.30x103/ul). ALP, TP, urea and creatinine values 1were 29.00u/l, 60.00g/l, 8.00m/mol,72.50m/mol; 30.30u/l, 52.30g/l, 10.00m/mol,141.00m/mol and 42.00u/l, 53.30g/l, 9.70m/mol, 112.30m/mol for T , T and T , respectively. 1 2 3The inclusion of supplemental dried ripe plantain peels in the diet of Red Sokoto bucksenhanced the body weight and did not have any adverse effect on their blood profile.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Ampas Tahu Dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Ayam Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Zulfan Zulfan ◽  
Sulaiman Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Diet Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Broiler Diet

ABSTRACT. The aim of this experiment is to investigate a possibility to include tofu by-product in broiler diet without causing adverse performances. This study was conducted in poulty production Lab. Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The study performed 80 unsex day old chick, strain CP 707, Charoen Pokphan product, for which the chikens were divided into for diet treatment. The study was desingned into Completely Randomized Design (CRD) containing for different diet treatment. ei. R1 (Control diet with 0% of tofu by product. R2 (the diet containing 2.5% of tofu by-product), R3 (the diet containing 5% of tofu by-product, and R4 (the diet containing 7.5% of tofu by-product). Each treatment consisted of five chiks. Investigated variables included  final body weight, body weght gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, and income over feed and chick coast (IOFCC). The data were analyzed by an analysis of variance and as a significant effect was detected, the analysis  was continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test based on Steel and Torrie (1991). Result of this study showed that the inclusion of up to 5% of tofu by-product in the diet were not significantly defress body weight, body weight gain, feed consumpsion, and feed conversion compared to the control. However, the inclusion of 7.5% of tofu by-product significantly defress body weght, body weight gain feed consumpsion. The was no significant effect on feed conversion as tofu by-product was included 7.5% in the diet. The inclusion of tofu by-product could minmize diet cost and increase. Income and Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). However, the highest IOFCC was detected in the untilization of 5% of tofu by-product was still possible to be included in poulty diet up to 5% without significantly depress broiler ferformances.Key word :Tofu by-product; Broiler diet; Body weight; Feed Consumption; Feed conversion

scholarly journals Growth performance, blood profile and economic analysis of broilers fed fermented mixture of cassava flour and bovine blood (cassablood) based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
A. O. Aniebo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The effect of dietary treatments on growth performance, haematological and biochemical indices of finisher broilers as well as economics of broiler production were determined in this fermented cassava flour/blood mixture code-named "cassablood". The control diet (T1) contained 0% cassablood, while diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 20%, 25% and 30% cassablood respectively. 120 four weeks old Anak broiler chicken were randomly allocated the 4 diets with 30 birds per treatment replicated 3 times with ten 10 broilers per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatment effects on final body weight, final weight gain, feed intake and seed conversion ratio were significant (P<0.05). Birds fed cassablood based diets compared favourably with the control diet. 20% cassablood inclusion performed equally with the control diet in feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio.All dietary groups also showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in most haematological and serum biochemical indices of broilers except in cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride contentswhichdiffered (P<0.05) significantly. Similarly, chicken on 20% and 25% inclusion levels produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher economic gains in terms of feed cost per kilogram of broiler among all the treatments. Therefore, 20 - 25% cassablood dietary inclusion level was recommended in broiler diet for production and profit maximization.  

scholarly journals Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Singh ◽  
Birendra Mishra ◽  
Michael R. Bedford ◽  
Rajesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Total Period

Abstract Background This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 288 day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were allocated to 36 floor pens (8 birds/pen) equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase (0, 0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT) and 3 levels of prebiotics (0, 0.005% and 0.01% XOS) added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases (starter, d 0–14; grower, d 15–28; finisher, d 29–42). The feed intake and body weights were recorded weekly. On d 42, ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis, and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbiota. Results Xylanase linearly (P < 0.01) increased the average daily gain (ADG) in both the finisher and total period and the final body weight gain (FBWG, 2940 & 2932 vs. 2760 g) of broilers. XOS did not significantly increase either ADG or FBWG (P > 0.05). Supplemental xylanase and XOS did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Xylanase and XOS did not change villus height (VH) or crypt depth (CD) ratio (P > 0.05). However, xylanase exhibited a trend (P = 0.097) on VH:CD ratio. The inclusion of 0.01% XOS without xylanase increased the level of IL-10 (a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-4 (a T-cell differentiation cytokine) genes compared with control (P < 0.05). The acetate production was increased by xylanase (P < 0.01) and XOS (P < 0.05) without an additive effect. Xylanase increased total SCFA (P < 0.01) while XOS had a tendency to increase (P = 0.052). Alpha and beta diversity of microbiota among treatments were not different (P > 0.05). However, the mean proportion of family Ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase (P < 0.01). Conclusion It can be concluded that XOS can enhance cecal fermentation, while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the fermentation metabolites in the ceca of broilers fed the corn-SBM-based diet but the effects may not always translate into an improved mucosal absorptive capacity and a better feed efficiency.

FISIOLOGI PERTUMBUHAN PADA AYAM BROILER AKIBAT PERUBAHAN TEMPERATUR LINGKUNGAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Vitus Dwi Yunianto B
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Regulation Of Growth

An experiment was undertaken to investigate physiology of growth on broiler chickens under two differences of  temperature (18C and 32C) on final body weight gain, plasma concentration of T3 (triiodothyronine), plasma concentration of T4 (thyoxine) and plasma concentration of corticosterone (CTC). Body weight gain was highest significantly at forced-fed (at 18C=361.86 g/chicken/12 d; at 32C=345.02 g/chicken/12 d)  and it was lowest adlibitum-fed (at 18C=354.91 g/chicken/12d; at 32C=343.39 g/chicken/12 d).  Thus, rate of muscle protein syntesis (%/day) was lowest when the chickens were exposed adlibitum-fed (at 18C =7.40 %/day; at 32C =3.94%/day). Plasma concentration of T3 (triiodothyronine) was significantly decreased to exposed by adlibitum-fed (at 18C =1.45 ng/ml; at 32C=0.58 ng/ml); plasma concentration of T4 (thyoxine) was significantly decreased to exposed by adlibitum-fed (at 18C=5.95 g/dl; at 32C= 0.58 g/dl). However, plasma concentration of corticosteron (CTC) was significantly increased when the chickens were exposed by forced-fed (at 18C=9.49 ng/ml; at 32C=25.89 ng/ml). These results clearly show that plasma concentration hormones of thyroid and corticosteron (CTC) status are affected by temperature, forced-fed and adlibitum-fed, and may play an important role in the regulation of growth in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Anti-Obese Effect of Cinnamon Extracts Dietary Supplementation on Serum Lipids and Body Weight Gain in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Mice Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1236-1236
Author(s):  
Joohee Oh ◽  
Hyun-Sook !Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract Objectives Cinnamon is one of the oldest spices widely used in traditional medicine and also currently used by people all around the world. Cinnamon has been known for modulating metabolic disorders by regulating insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-obese effects of cinnamon extracts in high-fat-diet induced obese mice model. Methods After a week of adaptation period, the 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 11 for each group) of the normal diet group (ND), the high-fat-diet group (HF), the normal diet with 1% cinnamon extracts (NC), and the high-fat diet with 1% cinnamon extracts (HC). All groups were treated for 14 weeks. Results In final body weight and body weight gain, NC group was significantly lower than ND group and HC group was significantly lower than HF group (P = 0.000). In serum TG (Triglyceride) levels and TC (Total cholesterol) levels, NC group showed significantly decreased level compared to that of ND group and HC group represented significantly decreased level compared to that of HF group (P = 0.000). Conclusions The present data showed NC group and HC group showed lower final body weight and body weight gain than ND group and HF group. Also, NC group and HC group showed the decreased level of TG (Triglyceride) and TC (Total cholesterol) compared to ND group and HF group. The further indicators of insulin-related factors are in progress. Funding Sources This study received no external funding.

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