scholarly journals Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the complications after surgical treatment of hepatic echinococcosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
F. G. Nazyrov ◽  
A. Kh. Babadjanov ◽  
F. R. Yakubov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Biliary Fistula ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Us ◽  
Residual Cavity ◽  
Hepatic Echinococcosis

Aim. To identify factors influencing effectiveness of surgical approaches in hepatic echinococcosis, depending on the location, size and stage of development of the cyst.Material and methods. From 2015 to 2017 the experience of surgical treatment of 98 patients with liver echinococcosis who underwent percutaneous (PAIR – 23 and PEVAC – 29 patients) and laparoscopic (46 patients) interventions was considered.Results. After the PAIR, a complication was noted in 1 (16.7%) case of isolated use with a CE3 cyst. Various complications were noted in 3 (60%) cases with a cyst puncture of more than 4 cm, and in 2 of them with CE2 and CE3. The average time for evacuating the cysts contents when performing the PEVAC technique was 5 days. Hemorrhagic fluid in drainage was noted in 6.9% of cases, biliary fistula – in 13.8%. Accumulation of fluid and suppuration in the residual cavity were identified in 34.5%. Taking into account the size of the cysts, the complication rate after PEVAC was 9.1% for cysts ≤6 cm vs 50% for cysts >6 cm. Various difficulties with manipulations during laparoscopic echinococcectomy were noted more often with CE2–4. So, difficulties with aspiration or removal of cyst contents more often arose with CE4. The incidence of complications after drainage removal was 17.9%, of which fluid accumulation was in 14.3% and residual cavity suppuration in 3.6% of cases.Conclusion. The US criteria, main indications and tactical and technical aspects for performing PAIR and PEVAC methods, as well as for performing laparoscopic echinococcectomy, and criteria for assessing the required volume of percytectomy for an adequate abdominalization of fibrous capsule have been clarified.

scholarly journals The Investigation and Management of Adenomyosis in Women Who Wish to Improve or Preserve Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jiao Li ◽  
Jacqueline P. W. Chung ◽  
Sha Wang ◽  
Tin-Chiu Li ◽  
Hua Duan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Fertility Sparing

The management of adenomyosis remains a great challenge to practicing gynaecologists. Until recently, hysterectomy has been the only definitive treatment in women who have completed child bearing. A number of nonsurgical and minimally invasive, fertility-sparing surgical treatment options have recently been developed. This review focuses on three aspects of management, namely, (1) newly introduced nonsurgical treatments; (2) management strategies of reproductive failures associated with adenomyosis; and (3) surgical approaches to the management of cystic adenomyoma.

scholarly journals Surgery for Good Prognosis Breast Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Evidence ◽  
Small Breast ◽  
Quality Evidence

Abstract Purpose of Review The introduction of mammographic screening programmes has resulted increasing numbers of women with small breast cancers with biologically favourable characteristics. Many of these cancers may represent overdiagnosis, with a resulting treatment burden for women and healthcare costs for providers. Here, current surgical approaches to the treatment of such tumours are reviewed, together with alternative approaches to their management. Recent Findings The surgical treatment of small, screen-detected breast cancers with biologically favourable characteristics has been extrapolated from the management of symptomatic breast cancers. There is no prospective randomised evidence for conventional open surgery compared with other approaches in this setting. A number of minimally invasive techniques, most notable vacuum-assisted excision, have been described for the management of these tumours, but at present, there is a lack of high-quality evidence to support their routine use. There are currently ongoing randomised trials evaluating risk-adapted surgical and minimally invasive approaches to the management of good prognosis disease. Summary It is possible that the surgical treatment of good prognosis screen-detected breast cancers may be de-escalated. However, high-quality evidence from ongoing prospective randomised trials will be required in order to change clinical practice.

National trends in cholecystectomies in the US: a 15-year comparison of two surgical approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein H. Khachfe ◽  
Mohamad A. Chahrour ◽  
Mohamad Y. Fares ◽  
Hamza A. Salhab ◽  
Faek R. Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Trends

Technical aspects and complications in the surgical treatment of poliomyelitis-affected lower limb fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
J. Mingo-Robinet ◽  
J.A. Alonso ◽  
M. Moreno-Barrero ◽  
L. González-García ◽  
V. Garcia-Virto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Lower Limb Fractures ◽  
Limb Fractures

Surgery for Parkinson disease in the United States, 1996 to 2000: practice patterns, short-term outcomes, and hospital charges in a nationwide sample

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad N. Eskandar ◽  
Alice Flaherty ◽  
G. Rees Cosgrove ◽  
Leslie A. Shinobu ◽  
Fred G. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Deep Brain

Object. The surgical treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) has undergone a dramatic shift, from stereotactic ablative procedures toward deep brain stimulaion (DBS). The authors studied this process by investigating practice patterns, mortality and morbidity rates, and hospital charges as reflected in the records of a representative sample of US hospitals between 1996 and 2000. Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study by using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database; 1761 operations at 71 hospitals were studied. Projected to the US population, there were 1650 inpatient procedures performed for PD per year (pallidotomies, thalamotomies, and DBS), with no significant change in the annual number of procedures during the study period. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.2%, discharge other than to home was 8.1%, and the rate of neurological complications was 1.8%, with no significant differences between procedures. In multivariate analyses, hospitals with larger annual caseloads had lower mortality rates (p = 0.002) and better outcomes at hospital discharge (p = 0.007). Placement of deep brain stimulators comprised 0% of operations in 1996 and 88% in 2000. Factors predicting placement of these devices in analyses adjusted for year of surgery included younger age, Caucasian race, private insurance, residence in higher-income areas, hospital teaching status, and smaller annual hospital caseload. In multivariate analysis, total hospital charges were 2.2 times higher for DBS (median $36,000 compared with $12,000, p < 0.001), whereas charges were lower at higher-volume hospitals (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Surgical treatment of PD in the US changed significantly between 1996 and 2000. Larger-volume hospitals had superior short-term outcomes and lower charges. Future studies should address long-term functional end points, cost/benefit comparisons, and inequities in access to care.

scholarly journals Surgical management of bronchopulmonary carcinoids: A single center experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Jakhetiya ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Garg ◽  
Rambha Pandey ◽  
Palaniappan Ramanathan ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
North India ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

Abstract Introduction: Bronchopulmonary carcinoids are uncommon tumors with relatively indolent biological behavior but a distinct malignant potential. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Our aim was to study preoperative characteristics, surgical approaches, and outcome in patients with bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was done in the Department of Surgical Oncology of a Tertiary Teaching Hospital of North India. The case records of all the patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung neoplasms and were diagnosed to have bronchopulmonary carcinoids were reviewed. Details concerning the clinical presentation, preoperative therapy, operative procedure, postoperative complications, and outcome were retrieved from the case records. Results: Sixteen patients who underwent surgical treatment were found to have bronchopulmonary carcinoids on histopathological examination. The median age of the patients was 34 years (range 18–62 years). There were 11 men and five women. All patients were symptomatic, and the median duration of symptoms was 12 months (range 6–72 months) before presentation. Six patients had received antitubercular treatment before presentation, and one patient had been treated with chemotherapy due to misdiagnosis. Surgical procedures included six pneumonectomies (one with carinoplasty), four bilobectomies, three lobectomies, and three bronchoplastic procedures (two with lobectomy and one with bilobectomy). There was no postoperative mortality; three patients had morbidity in the form of lobar collapse, prolonged pleural collection, and surgical site infection. With a median follow-up time of 11 months (range 2–85 months), all the 16 patients are alive and disease-free. Conclusions: Delayed presentation and misdiagnosis of bronchial carcinoid are major concerns in North India. Adequate surgical resection can be performed without undue morbidity and is associated with good long-term results.

scholarly journals Business Analytics and Its Role in Managing the Competitiveness of an Enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Bohdan Dmitrishin ◽  
◽  
Maksym Boroviy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Enterprise Competitiveness ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the article is to develop the methodological foundations of business analytics as a necessary component in the competitiveness management system of a modern enterprise. The article is devoted to solving the problem of relations business analytics (in particular business decision support systems) and systemic characteristics of enterprise competitiveness management. Substantiation of factors influencing the formation of the competitiveness of an enterprise becomes significant at this stage of development of the national economy. The publication summarizes the tasks, principles and goals of business analytics. The relations between business analytics and enterprise competitiveness is defined and structured. Business analytics aims to simplify the work of the company as much as possible, increasing the profitability of sales and minimizing losses, which will certainly have a positive effect on the competitiveness of an enterprise. It is noted that the qualitative improvement of the range and intellectual potential of an enterprise has a positive effect on the competitiveness of manufactured goods (services), personnel of an enterprise. Factors influencing the competitiveness of an enterprise are established and substantiated. The types of relations between business strategy and business analytics are analyzed. The significance and necessity of conducting business analysis for making managerial decisions are revealed. The tools of a business analyst in a rapidly changing environment are proposed. Ukrainian enterprises are recommended to use not static, but strategically-oriented adaptive systems of competitiveness management, based on the widespread use of business process modeling and business intelligence tools. Further research should be focused on the implementation of modern methods of business analytics in enterprises, taking into account the experience of the most developed countries, conducting a comparative analysis of business analysis tools to reveal their full potential, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals SYSTEMATIC SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEDAGOGICAL TEAM OF THE COLLEGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
I. Bredikhina
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Team Development ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
College Staff ◽  
The Impact

The article states that in order to create a competitive educational institution, management needs to use team management technologies. The research considers the issue of creating systematic support for pedagogical teams, namely assessment and analysis of a number of factors influencing the successful work of the pedagogical team and the formation of systematic support for team development using retrospective techniques and team adjustments. According to the results of the research, which is based on the Michigan model of leadership, the existing difficulties in the functioning of college teams were analyzed. The survey identified that at this stage of development, not all members of the college staff teams have a clear understanding of the overall goal (86.9 %) and the impact of teamwork on the overall result (78.2 %). Their unequal contribution to achieving the goal was also noted (73.9 %). The survey indicates that not all teams have a combination of skills at the highest level, and team members who have certain skills are not always interested in helping colleagues (82.6 %). Teams are quite high spirited and motivated even in difficult periods (82.6 %), the teams hold constructive discussions about misunderstandings and problems, regularly find new opportunities to find information and solve complex problems, appreciate the achievements of colleagues (86.9 %). Thus, it turned out that team leaders motivate not all team members to successfully implement projects (78.2 %), but provide management and prompt feedback, consult with team members to remove obstacles and difficulties in the work and ensure team progress (86.9 %). Given the identified weak spots of the pedagogical teams of the college and the factors influencing their work, systematic support, which consists in the formation of psychological security, constant analysis of team development and retrospectives, swell as models of adjustment for team development to improve their efficiency were created.

scholarly journals ORTHOPAEDIC ASPECTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE-DYSTROPHIC DAMAGE OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINE

2005 ◽  
pp. 061-070
Author(s):  
Vladimir Mikhailovich Shapovalov ◽  
Aleksandr Kaisinovich Dulaev ◽  
Yury Alekseyevich Shulev ◽  
Vladimir Petrovich Orlov ◽  
Konstantin Alekseyevich Nadulich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Dystrophic Disease

Objective. On the basis of clinical and anatomico-functional results of surgical treatment of patients with degenerativedystrophic disease of the lumbosacral spine to develop and introduce into clinical practice orthopaedic surgical approaches aimed mainly to the correction and stabilization of the spine. Materials and Methods. The results of surgical treatment of 340 patients operated on for degeneconventionally and by the technique proposed by authors with the account for orthopaedic factors rative-dystrophic disease of the lumbosacral spine were analyzed. Results. The treatment outcome was mainly influenced by the following factors: spinal stenosis, instability and lumbosacral shape (balance) disturbance. The pattern of preopreative planning was developed on the basis of the introduced comprehensive methods of diagnosis. The suggested approach to surgical treatment has gone through clinical approbation resulted in recommendations for its application in practice. The paper presents the advantages of use of modern neuroorthopaedic technologies for various forms of spinal stenosis, and orthopaedic correction techniques in patients with discogenic radiculopathy associated with instability and deformity of the lumbosacral spine. Conclusion. The modern level of neuroorthopaedic care suggests new approaches to diagnosis and surgical management of patients with degenerative-dystrophic disease of the lumbosacral spine.

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