scholarly journals THE CONCEPT ‘TEA’ IN THE POEM ‘DEAD SOULS’ BY NIKOLAI GOGOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Ivan V. Burdin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dead Souls ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tea Drinking

The article deals with the concept of ‘tea’ in the poem by Nikolai Gogol Dead Souls. The main representations of this concept in the poem are identified, its influence on the plot and the composition is determined, conclusions about the symbolic meaning of tea in Dead Souls are provided. Representations of the concept of ‘tea’ in the text of the poem are compared with the representations of the studied concept in other works by Gogol such as The Government Inspector, Nevsky Prospekt, The Portrait, The Nose, The Overcoat and others, which made it possible to draw a conclusion about the special role of tea in Dead Souls. The actualization of the studied concept in the text is compared with the literary and historical context, it is shown what Gogol’s innovativeness lies in, the features of the Gogol literary tea drinking are identified. In Dead Souls, the author pays special attention to treats, with the role of tea still being more significant than the role of other treats. Tea emphasizes the contrasts in the text, allows the author to make the grotesque brighter, illustrates the motive of the road, and serves as a vivid household detail. Key representations of the concept of ‘tea’ in the poem are: ‘an element of hospitality’, ‘an attribute of friendship’, ‘tea as a commodity’, ‘tea as an element of luxury’, ‘tea as part of alcohol culture’. Tea is inextricably connected with the key symbolic leitmotive of the work – the motive of the road. The representation of ‘tea as an attribute of travel’ brings the Gogol’s poem closer to other texts of Russian literature where tea is part of the semantic field ‘road’, and the path itself is endowed with a symbolic meaning.

The old garden

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-273
Author(s):  
A. E. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Master Craftsman ◽  
Dead Souls ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
The Village

Smirnov’s essay is devoted to an episode from Gogol’s Dead Souls [Myortvye dushi]; rather a landscape than an episode. In Gogol’s opinion, a landscape is not a copy of nature but an artist’s creation. A landscape is meant to be created, not copied from nature: the role of a master craftsman is not to usher the viewer along the trimmed bosquets of a French formal garden, unsurprising and immediately recognisable, but to lure them into the thicket of his imagination. It is with such a fruit of imagination that we are faced in the case of the neglected, unruly and overgrown garden on the landowner Plyushkin’s estate. The author examines Gogol’s description of the garden in detail, almost word by word, uncovering the hidden symbolic meaning of contrasting the village, ugly in its state of neglect, with the landowner’s garden, equally neglected but beautiful nonetheless. What is piles of rubbish in the village streets becomes pretty fallen leaves on the garden paths; the author suggests that Gogol used this contrast to let nature ‘correct’ the gardener, i. e. to remove the incompetent human alterations and reveal itself in its full glory.

THE LAPIS POLLAE: DATE AND CONTEXTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 73-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Public Land ◽  
The Political ◽  
Road Building ◽  
The Road ◽  
Historical Themes

The article discusses the date, content and historical context of the lapis Pollae, a Latin inscription set alongside the road from Capua to Regium, recording the distance to various places and listing the achievements of an unknown Roman magistrate. Comparison with a milestone associated with the same road prompts a dating earlier than 131 bc, and internal evidence suggests a date prior to the Servile Wars, which broke out around 138 bc. It is further argued that by listing his achievements the magistrate was attempting to secure the political support of the colonial elites of Lucania. The article also uses the inscription as evidence for three historical themes: (1) the role of local communities and Italian entrepreneurs in the exploitation of public land in Sicily; (2) the role of local and Roman elites in southern Italian agricultural intensification; (3) Rome's use of road building to support colonization.

scholarly journals Between knowledge and skills in teaching design courses in architecture integrated in Bologna

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Sebastião Viegas
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Disciplinary Culture ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Process Product

In the teaching of design in architecture courses integrated in Bologna becomes evident the central importance of the student in the teaching/learning process. If the antinomy process/product is recurrent in didactic and pedagogical atmosphere in our historical context and teaching experience, others seem to arise with greater acuity, interest and additional platforms to enriching the debate, such as the relationship between problem/solution, knowledge/skills and experience/awareness. In these scenarios of antinomic problematic is important to understand the special role of the teacher and student, especially, to know how to organize the relative weights of each component during the academic years of two different cycles. It seems clear that the importance of process and product is not the same along the different academic years. It is also a fact that the teacher's role in the construction of the solution or of the problem is variable in the progression of learning, especially because the student needs to gain greater autonomy and judgment. Also, the acquisition of skills (reinforcing the disciplinary culture and methodological aspects) must constitute themselves as nuclear (1st cycle) and the knowledge (as global problematic) can be worked when the student has more autonomy and critical consciousness (2nd cycle). Because the experience of “to do” it isn’t always simultaneous of the awareness of “to know”, the optional courses should only provide eventual specialization in the 2nd cycle of studies.

scholarly journals Digitalization of the economy in the geography of the Republic of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10044
Author(s):  
Madina A Raimjanova ◽  
Dildora Kh Shadiyeva ◽  
Laziz S Zoyirov ◽  
Rasulbek B Saidov ◽  
Mavluda T Askarova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to an overview of the development and state of the digital economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the world as a whole. In particular, the role of information and communication technologies in enhancing the economic growth of countries and facilitating access to public services is being examined. The main components that stimulate the development of the country’s digital economy (investments in information and communication technologies and their development, digital infrastructure, e-government) are revealed. When studying the material, the methods of analysis, observation, grouping, comparison of world experience in the development of information and communication technologies, and the digitization of the economy were used. A review of the main world ratings that are significant in the development of the digital economy is carried out and the place of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the ratings is revealed, a growth trend is noted. The analysis of the prospects of digital technologies in the Republic of Uzbekistan is carried out, the special role of the documents issued by the government on the development of the digital economy, as well as the organizations created that allow making innovative proposals, is noted. Based on the results of the study of the material, recommendations were made for improving the state of the digital economy in the country and in the world as a whole. These recommendations are also reflected in the regulatory documents on regulating the digitalization of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Global Financial Crisis: Exploring the Special Role of U.S. Banks and Regulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Nisha
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Subprime Lending ◽  
International Banking ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Financial markets have suffered the greatest dislocation following the truly seismic significance of the global financial crisis. Regulators argue that the banking sector played a particularly special role in triggering the causes of the subprime debacle, thereby leading to the occurrence of the global financial crisis. Banks previously functioned as only a financial intermediary, but certain developments in the international banking sector like deregulation, technological progress, consolidation and competition, securitisation and financial innovation, resulted in banks being involved in subprime lending activities and hence, a reason behind the financial turmoil. The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the special role of banks in the global financial crisis and to stress on the need for increased regulation and their implications on the banking sector. The current study will thus contribute to the examination of the salient features of the global financial crisis and provide regulatory suggestions for the banking sector and the government as a whole.

Ha in Sheta

2016 ◽  
Vol XXIV (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ćwiek
Keyword(s):  
Western Desert ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
The Temple

The coronation cycle in the Portico of the Birth in the temple of Deir el-Bahari includes a scene of purification of Hatshepsut by a god captioned as Ha in Sheta. This seemingly hapax toponym provides the key to a proper understanding of the highly symbolic meaning of the scene. The place name, composed of basic cosmographical hieroglyphs, has at the same time a spelling that refers to a vast semantic field of the notions of “mystery”, “secret”, “be hidden”, etc. It appears that the purification made by a god of the western desert in a “mysterious” place refers to the initiation of the female pharaoh into the secrets of the sun god, enabling her to fulfill her role as the provider of sustenance for humanity. The role of the god Ha as a protector against hunger, rooted in the Old Kingdom tradition and expressed also in the text of BD 178 in the Offering Chapel of Hatshepsut, is crucial in this respect.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF STUDENT YOUTH IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANTI-CORRUPTION CIVIL SOCIETY: ILLUSION OR REALITY?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Akulova ◽  
Nadejda V. Plaksina ◽  
Elena V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Special Role ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Near Future

  The article discusses the role and participation of students in building a «new» type of civil society from the perspective of an anti-corruption component. According to the authors, the most important criterion for the structure and construction of statehood is the propaganda of a negative attitude to corruption as a phenomenon that undermines public confidence in government bodies, government institutions, and public social institutions. The problem of the fight against corruption is relevant and at the present stage of the formation of our state requires active role participation. An important role and significance is assigned to students in the formation of the basic and key areas of modern state strategies in the anti-corruption vector. The authors substantiate the special role of students in the construction of a new formation by the absence of stable stereotypes due to age. The article presents and analyzes the results of a study on the attitude of students to fundamental changes in the Government of the Russian Federation, reveals ideas about the program for the development of the state and society in the near future from the perspective of students' opinions.

scholarly journals ‘This man is looking for a gesture’: John Dos Passos’s Transcultural and Transnational Views about History and Literature in "Rosinante to the Road Again"

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Eulalia Piñero Gil
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Spanish History ◽  
Political Unconscious ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
The Road ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
History And Literature

This interdisciplinary essay analyzes John Dos Passos’s travel book Rosinante to the Road Again (1922) from a Jamesonian perspective, focusing on the implicit dialectical interaction between creativity and the totality of history, the role of the modernist utopian illusion and the quest for return to an Edenic past, the cosmopolitan expatriate individual as a fundamental part of a historical context, and the implications of the literary form in relation to a concrete textual tradition or movement. For this purpose, the analysis draws on Jameson’s The Modernist Papers and The Political Unconscious to establish a dialectical criticism that investigates how the literary form is engaged with a material historical situation. Therefore, the Spanish socio-historical reality depicted in Rosinante becomes a symbol of Dos Passos’s search for the return to the mythic Arcadia. In his transcultural and transnational quest for the Spanish gesture, Dos Passos was searching how to define his own unstable hybrid modernist identity in the context of Spanish history and literature. As a result, Rosinante becomes a sort of paradigmatic modernist epic in which the American writer experiments with the literary motif of the journey as a form of self-exploration. His temporary expatriate condition, and the reality of being an American with Portuguese roots, determined his need for a more Edenic and epic culture far from the limitations of the American urban industrialization and materialism.

“Russia! What Do You Want of Me?”: The Russian Reading Public in DeadSouls

Slavic Review ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lounsbery
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
Periodical Literature ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
Total Control ◽  
Dead Souls

This article analyzes the role of Russia's changing readership and incipient print culture in Dead Souls. Though Nikolai Gogol' was received in salon society, his primary allegiance was to print and the broad (and thus unsophisticated) readership that was beginning to buy and read printed texts. Like other of Gogol“s works (“On the Development of Periodical Literature in 1834 and 1835,” “The Portrait”), Dead Souls reflects the author's awareness of the severe limitations of this audience, especially their desire for conventional plot devices and their eagerness for characters with whom to identify. Although Dead Souls invites readers' participation, it also reflects Gogol“s growing skepticism about inexperienced readers' attempts to create meaning, his disdain for their judgment, and his desire to assert total control over the meaning of his art. Lounsbery considers Dead Souls' reception and situates Gogol“s work in the context of the appearance of Library for Reading in 1834 and other writers' approaches to the problem of Russia's reading public (notably Faddei Bulgarin and Osip Senkovskii).

scholarly journals Water utilization under dryland conditions in South Africa

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
P. C. Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Water Utilization ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sound Management

Water utilization is discussed in relation to the adverse climatic and soil conditions in South Africa and the special role of water in growth and yield. The role of sound management practices in the efficient utilization of water is emphasized. A plea is made for urgent measures from the government to arrest veld deterioration and for the stabilization of agronomic crop yields, as well as for clearly directed research efforts.

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