scholarly journals HISTORY OF THE CHANNEL SYSTEMS REORGANIZATION OF THE KAMA-KELTMA LOWLAND IN THE LATE PLEISTOCENE – HOLOCENE

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Nikolai N. Nazarov ◽  
◽  
Sergei V. Kopytov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bottom Relief ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Channel Systems

The analysis of the actual data on the age and stages of the channel systems formation in the Kama-Keltma lowland was based on the altitudinal differentiation of different stages of the relief and the results of radiocarbon dating of organics from the channel and floodplain facies. Late Pleistocene lake terrace is the highest level in the Upper Kama depression and Keltma hollow. The research into the geomorphological structure and age of deposited materials, with a particular focus on separate elements of the Kama-Keltma lowland erosive and accumulative relief, indicates the existence of six stages of the channel systems formation (reorganization). The first stage (end of the Kalinin stadial) is the Chepets hollow formation. The hollow was preserved after large-scale changes in the bottom relief of the Upper Kama depression. The second stage (Mologa-Sheksna interstadial) is the first Kama terrace formation. The third stage (Ostashkov stadial, 20-18 ka) is the period of the runoff hollow formation (including the ‘large terrace hollow’), which actively dissected the surface of aeolian landforms. The fourth stage (LGM, 18-10 ka) is the formation of the macromeanders of the South Keltma, Pilva, and Timsher, as well as the multi-arm channel of the Kama during alternating periods of relatively short-term warming and cooling. The fifth stage is the wide Kama floodplain formation in the Preboreal – Subboreal, represented by segmental generations. The sixth stage (modern) is characterized by the ‘straightening’ of the Kama channel – the formation of a relatively straight channel throughout the Kama-Keltma lowland.

scholarly journals TO THE HISTORY OF STUDYING THE UDMURT SYNTAX

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-938
Author(s):  
N.V. Kondratieva ◽  
A.F. Utkina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Methodological Principles

The article describes and systematizes scientific research devoted to the study of the Udmurt syntax in synchrony and diachrony. Based on the peculiarities of the methodological principles and attitudes’ development, it is proposed to distinguish three stages in the history of studying the syntax of the Udmurt language. The first stage (from the second half of the 18th century to 1851) is characterized by the absence of a systematic approach to the study of the syntactic structure of the language, insufficient delimitation of the spheres of morphology and syntax. The second stage (from 1851 to 1939) is characterized by a closer attention to the syntactic nature of linguistic phenomena, as well as to the development of terminology in the Udmurt language. However, a deep scientific understanding of the Udmurt syntax began only at the third stage (from 1939 to the present), when the structural-semantic principle dominates in the study of syntactic constructions, providing for equal attention to the structure (construction) of a syntactic unit and the meaning (semantics) that it is embodied in it.

scholarly journals Evolution of the main geomorphological structure of the Holocene Kuban river delta

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
A. A. Svitoch ◽  
D. V. Magritskiy ◽  
A. V. Porotov ◽  
R. R. Makshaev ◽  
N. A. Tyunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River Delta ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Holocene Transgression ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Kuban River ◽  
Recent Epoch

In the recent epoch the Kuban River delta is characterized by little distributary with low zone of lagoons and flooded areas. This accumulative plain includes different types of mesorelief such as longshore bar, channel bank, liman, plavni and channel distributaries. There are three huge geomorphological types of Kuban delta: old, young deltas and Kuban-Taman region. The main differences between them are diverse geomorphological levels, evolution of marine and fluvial forms and incomplete geomorphological development. The relief of the Kuban delta is Holocene. The main factors of its formation were large-scale fluctuations of the Azov-Black Sea basin, the flow of water and sediment of the Kuban River and its distribution in area. In the history of the development of the modern relief of the Kuban delta, there are three stages (epochs). The first is the Bugaz stage of the Holocene transgression (9.57.9 ka), when the relief of the old delta was formed. In the second stage of the Holocene transgression (Vityazevskaya, Kalamitskaya, and Dzhemetyan stages), a transitional type of relief was formed in the area adjacent to the floods of the young delta and the old delta with the formation of large buried bars. In the third stage, the systems of modern estuaries and plavni were formed, separated from the sea by a modern coastal bar.

scholarly journals Pengembangan metode pembelajaran halaqah berbasis etnomatematika untuk memahamkan penyelesaian masalah transportasi kelas program linier

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-226
Author(s):  
Hartono Hartono ◽  
Wandra Irvandi
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Problem ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Program ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan metode pembelajaran halaqah berbasis etnomatematika pada kelas program linier untuk membantu mahasiswa memahami penyelesaian masalah transportasi. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini terdiri dari tahap define, design, dan develop. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi untuk menilai kevalidan, angket untuk menilai kepraktisan, dan tes hasil belajar untuk menilai keefektifan metode pembelajaran halaqah berbasis etnomatematika. Penelitian menghasilkan metode pembelajaran yang terdiri dari empat tahapan. Tahap pertama yaitu pemilihan kompetensi dan materi berbasis etnomatematika, dan kompetensi terkait pemahaman penyelesaian masalah transportasi dengan konteks berupa pembiayaan transportasi pembuatan baju tradisional Kopa etnis Dayak Kualant. Tahap kedua, pembentukan halaqah yaitu dengan posisi melingkar, kemudian pemilihan mahasiswa yang berkemampuan tinggi sebagai pembimbing, dilanjutkan ta’aruf dengan penuh keakraban. Tahap ketiga, kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu pemahaman materi yang terdiri dari pembukaan, landasan ide pokok materi transportasi. Tahap keempat, kegiatan silaturahmi di luar pembelajaran sekaligus mengevaluasi dan mempererat persaudaraan mahasiswa sebagai teman diskusi. Berdasarkan penilaian kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran halaqah berbasis etnomatematika yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dan dapat dilanjutkan ke uji coba dalam skala besar. Development of ethnomathematics-based halaqah learning methods to understand the solving of transportation problem in linear program coursesAbstractThe purpose of this study was to produce an ethnomathematics-based halaqah learning method in a linear program course to help students understand solving transportation problems. This research and development consisted of the define, design, and development stages. The research instrument used was a validation sheet to assess the validity, a questionnaire to assess practi­cality, and a test to assess the effectiveness of the ethnomathematics-based halaqah learning method. The research resulted in a learning method consisting of four stages. The first stage was selecting ethnomathematics-based competencies and materials and competencies related to understanding transportation problem-solving in the context of financing the production of the traditional clothing of Kopa Dayak Kualant ethnic. The second stage, the formation of the hala­qah, namely in a circular position, then selects highly capable students as guides, followed by ta'aruf with full intimacy. The third stage was learning activities, namely understanding the material consisting of opening, the basic idea of transportation material. The fourth stage was activities outside of learning and evaluating and strengthening students’ brotherhood as dis­cussion partners. Based on the assessment of the validity, practicality, and effectiveness, it could be concluded that the ethnomathematics-based halaqah learning method developed was sui­table for use and could be continued in large-scale trials.

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

How well do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Armstrong ◽  
Lorna Hogg ◽  
Pamela Charlotte Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Voice

The first stage of this project aims to identify assessment measures which include items on voice-hearing by way of a systematic review. The second stage is the development of a brief framework of categories of positive experiences of voice hearing, using a triangulated approach, drawing on views from both professionals and people with lived experience. The third stage will involve using the framework to identify any positve aspects of voice-hearing included in the voice hearing assessments identified in stage 1.

Pèlerinages barrésiens

2013 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Claire Bompaire-Evesque
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Joan Of Arc ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Importance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Dead

This article is a inquiry about how Barrès (1862-1923) handles the religious rite of pilgrimage. Barrès stages in his writings three successive forms of pilgrimage, revealing what is sacred to him at different times. The pilgrimage to a museum or to the birthplace of an artist is typical for the egotism and the humanism of the young Barrès, expressed in the Cult of the Self (1888-1891). After his conversion to nationalism, Barrès tries to unite the sons of France and to instill in them a solemn reverence for “the earth and the dead” ; for that purpose he encourages in French Amities (1903) pilgrimages to historical places of national importance (battlefields; birthplace of Joan of Arc), building what Nora later called the Realms of Memory. The third stage of Barrès’ intellectual evolution is exemplified by The Sacred Hill (1913). In this book the writer celebrates the places where “the Spirit blows”, and proves open to a large scale of spiritual forces, reaching back to paganism and forward to integrative syncretism, which aims at unifying “the entire realm of the sacred”.

Studies on the life-history of Bunostomum phlebotomum (Railliet, 1900), a hookworm parasite of cattle

Parasitology ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. A. Sprent
Keyword(s):  
Infective Larva ◽  
Stage Larva ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Cutaneous Blood ◽  
Fourth Stage Larva

A description is given of the processes of copulation, formation of the egg and spermatozoon, cleavage, embryogeny and hatching in B. phlebotomum. These processes were found to be essentially similar to those in other strongyle nematodes.The anatomy of the first three larval stages is described and the observations of Conradi & Barnette (1908) and Schwartz (1924) were largely confirmed.Penetration of the skin of calves by the infective larva was observed histologically. The larvae were found to have reached the dermis within 30 min. and to have penetrated the cutaneous blood vessels within 60 min. of application to the skin. The larvae were found in the lung where the third ecdysis was in progress 10 days after penetration of the skin. A description is given of the growth of the third-stage larva in the lung, the changes which take place during the third ecdysis, and the anatomy of the fourth-stage larva.The fourth-stage larvae exsheath in the lungs and travel to the intestine. After a period of growth in which sexual differentiation takes place, the fourth ecdysis occurs and the adult parasite emerges. The time required for the attainment of maturity was found to be somewhere between 30 and 56 days after penetration of the skin.This paper was written at the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Veterinary Laboratories, Wey-bridge, and the writer would like to express his gratitude to the Director, Prof. T. Dalling, also to Dr W. R. Wooldridge, chairman of the Council of the Veterinary Educational Trust for their help and encouragement. The writer's thanks are also due to Dr H. A. Baylis, Prof. R. T. Leiper and Dr E. L. Taylor for their advice and help on technical points, and to Mr R. A. O. Shonekan, African laboratory assistant, for his able co-operation.

Reconstruction of Tragus and External Auditory Meatus using Remnant Auricle during Microtia Reconstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 227-229
Author(s):  
Yi-gao Hu ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flap ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
External Auditory Meatus ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Flap Necrosis ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Thin Skin

AbstractThis article investigates an effective method with which to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus for microtia reconstruction. The external ear was reconstructed using a delayed postauricular skin flap in patients with congenital microtia. After the first stage of delaying the postauricular skin flap and the second stage of otoplasty with ear framework fabricated from autogenous rib cartilage draping with the delayed skin flap, the third stage involved tragus and external auditory meatus canaloplasty. After designing the remnant auricle flap, the lower part was trimmed and the tragus was reconstructed. The upper part was trimmed into a thin skin flap, which was rotated and used to cover the hollowed wound posterosuperior to the tragus so as to mimic the external auditory meatus. If remnant wounds were present, skin grafting was conducted. In total, 121 patients with congenital microtia were treated from March 2010 to March 2016. The reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus were well formed, and all wounds healed well. No severe complications such as flap necrosis occurred. Six months postoperatively, the morphology of the reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus was good. Overall, the patients and their families were satisfied. The use of remnant auricle to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus is an effective auricular reconstruction technique.

FACES OF V.M. SHUKSHIN: MARTIN IDEN, HAMLET, STEPAN RAZIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Т.А. Богумил
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Socialist Realism ◽  
Crowding Out ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Early Departure ◽  
First Time

В статье предлагается концепция жизни и творческого роста В.М. Шукшина сквозь призму тезаурусного и кластерного подходов. Объяснительными «персональными моделями» для интерпретации биографического текста писателя являются кластеры Мартина Идена, Гамлета и Степана Разина. Ранее биографы и литературоведы указывали на важность этих персон для Шукшина, но разрозненно. Впервые предпринята попытка свести указанные персональные модели воедино, в целостный сюжет становления писателя в пространстве культуры. На разных этапах эволюции автора доминирует одна из указанных моделей, последовательно сменяя друг друга, но не вытесняя, а «внахлест». Ранний этап творчества, ориентированный на стратегию Мартина Идена, является попыткой «вписаться» в наличный культурный мейнстрим. Выражено это в следовании поэтике соцреализма. Второй этап подспудно начинается с реабилитации отца Шукшина в 1956 года, когда актуализируется «гамлетовский комплекс», проявляющийся в чувстве вины перед отцом, через стратегию утаивания подлинного «я», мотивы чудаковатости. Третий этап связан с личностью реального исторического лица, Степана Разина, и выражается в открытом протесте против власти. Все важные для В.М. Шукшина поведенческие модели объединены мотивом одинокого противостояния враждебному социуму и имеют трагический финал, что обусловило ранний уход писателя и порождение мифов о насильственном характере его смерти. В.М. Шукшин одновременно был фигурой неординарной и типичной, что позволило его биографии стать «персональной моделью» для последующих авторов, выходцев из сельской глубинки. The article proposes the concept of life and creative growth of V.M. Shukshin through the prism of the thesaurus and cluster approach. The explanatory "personal models" for interpreting the biographical text of the writer are clusters of Martin Eden, Hamlet and Stepan Razin. Earlier, biographers and literary critics pointed out the importance of these people for Shukshin, but it was scattered. For the first time, an attempt was made to bring these personal models together into an integral plot of the formation of the writer in the space of culture. At different stages of the writer’s evolution, one of these models dominates, successively replacing each other, but not crowding out, but “overlapping”. The early stage of creativity, focused on Martin Eden’s strategy, is an attempt to “fit in” the current cultural mainstream. This is expressed in following the poetics of socialist realism. The second stage implicitly begins with the rehabilitation of Shukshin’s father in 1956, when the “Hamletian complex” is actualized. It is manifested in a sense of guilt towards his father, the strategy of concealing the true “I”, eccentricities. The third stage is connected with the personality of a real historical person, Stepan Razin, and is expressed in an open protest against the authorities. All important for V.M. Shukshin's behavioral models are united by the motive of a lonely confrontation with a hostile society and have a tragic ending, which led to the early departure of the writer and the generation of myths about the violent nature of his death. V.M. Shukshin was an extraordinary and typical figure at the same time. That allowed his biography to become a “personal model” for subsequent authors who came from the rural outback.

The factors associated with the length of the third stage of labour: A descriptive-analytical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Refaei ◽  
Soodabeh Aghababaei ◽  
Mansoureh Yazdkhasti ◽  
Farideh Kazemi ◽  
Fatemeh Farahmandpour
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Several risk factors have been identified for postpartum hemorrhage, one of which being the duration of the third stage of labour. This stage refers to the interval between the expulsion of the fetus to the expulsion of the placenta. Some bleeding occurs in this stage due to the separation of the placenta Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the length of the third stage of labour. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 women hospitalized for vaginal birth were selected via convenience sampling. The study data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 26.41 (6.26) years. Investigation of the relationship between the study variables and the time of placental separation indicated that a minute increase in the length of membranes rupture caused a 0.003minute decrease in the time of placental separation. However, this time increased by 2.75, 6.68, and 2.86 minutes in the individuals without the history of abortion, those with the history of stillbirth, and those who had not received hyoscine, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that suffering from preeclampsia or hypertension, history of stillbirth, not receiving hyoscine, and not receiving misoprostol increased the length of the third stage by 4.40, 8.55, 2.38, and 6.04 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: Suffering from preeclampsia and having the history of stillbirth increased and using hyoscine and misoprostol decreased the length of the third stage of labour. However, no significant relationship was found between the length of the third stage of labour and mother’s age, gestational age, parity, mother’s body mass index, mother’s chronic disorders, history of manual placenta removal, length of the first and second stages, membranes rupture, induction, amount of oxytocin after delivery, and infant’s weight and gender.

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