scholarly journals THE QUESTION ON MOTHER TONGUE IN MULTIETHNIC REGIONS OF RUSSIA: CONFLICT POTENTIAL AND VARIABILITY OF LANGUAGE POLICY

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Borisova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Random Events ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Perm Region

Ethnolinguistic complexity may manifest itself in the presence of groups of significantly different sizes or in the presence of two or more roughly similar groups in terms of size. Coupled with their uneven spatial distribution within the boundaries of the region, it is a potential factor influencing not only the practices and structure of inter-elite relations but also the politicization of ethnicity. The presented research is based on R. Brubaker's approach to understanding ethnicity as a discursive result of situational actions, design and implementation of various political projects, not necessarily related to the sphere of ethnolinguistic regulation, and even random events. The author, also, uses N. Mukharyamov's idea of the interconnectedness of "language politics" and "language policy". The article presents you with an explanation of the connection between the structural factors of the scale of recognition of the minority language and the subject composition of the language policy, as well as the strategies of language conflicts at the regional level in Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia and the Perm region.

scholarly journals Polityka językowa Polski i Czechosłowacji wobec mniejszości ukraińskiej w okresie międzywojennym na przykładzie szkolnictwa Galicji i Zakarpacia

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Oksana Ruda
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Linguistic Rights ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Right

Language policy of Poland and Czechoslovakia concerning the Ukrainian minority in the interwar period on the example of the schooling of Galicia and TranscarpathiaIn the article the international treaties and internal laws and orders of Poland and the Czechoslovakia, which regulate the linguistic rights of national minorities in field of education are studiedInternal legislation of the Czechoslovakia guaranteed free use of minority language both orally and in writing, and provided the right for national minorities to study in their native language in public primary, secondary and higher educationOn the contrary, in the constitutional acts of Poland only the right of minorities to study their mother tongue in public primary schools was guaranteed. Due the prevalence of Ukrainians in Galicia, the Polish authorities with respect to these territories performed different national and language policy aimed at deepening regional differences and assimilation of the Ukrainian population.

The Politics of Arabic in Israel

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Political Identities ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
The One

Arabic became a minority language in Israel in 1948, as a result of the Palestinian exodus from their land that year. Although it remains an official language, along with Hebrew, Israel has made continued attempts to marginalise Arabic on the one hand, and secutise it on the other. The book delves into these tensions and contradictions, exploring how language policy and language choice both reflect and challenge political identities of Arabs and Israelis. It combines qualitative methods not commonly used together in the study of Arabic in Israel, including ethnography, interviews with journalists and students, media discussions, and analysis of the production of knowledge on Arabic in Israeli academia.

scholarly journals The French-Farsi Simultaneous Early Bilingualism in an Iranian Child—Study on the Regularity of the Presence of the Minority Language in the First Lexical Productions of a Bilingual Child

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Sahar Jalilian ◽  
Rouhollah Rahmatian ◽  
Parivash Safa ◽  
Roya Letafati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Child Study ◽  
Iranian Child ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
A Minor

In a simultaneous bilingual education, there are many factors that can affect its success, primarily the age of the child and socio-cognitive elements. This phenomenon can be initially studied in the first lexical productions of either language in a child. The present study focuses on the early lexical developments of a child, who lives in the monolingual society of Iran, where there is no linguistic milieu for French, and has been exposed to a bilingual education since birth. Applying Ronjat’s principle of “one parent-one language” (1913), the parents have formed the child’s basic linguistic interactions; the father employs Farsi in his interactions with the child as his mother tongue while the mother uses French as her foreign language. The data is collected from audio files recorded in the period between 18 and 36 months old of the child, containing her everyday interactions with her parents. Through the analysis of the data with the purpose of studying the changes of the presence of the minority language words, i.e. French, in the child’s sentences at different ages, questions are raised regarding the conditions of a persistent presence of both languages and the reason due to which one language positions as a minor means of communication, observing parental attitudes and environmental issues that can influence the language acquisition procedure.

Language policies for Hong Kong schools since 1997

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Kan ◽  
Bob Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
International Communication ◽  
National Language ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Mother Tongue Education ◽  
Important Means

Francis of Education (print)/1474-8479 (online) Article 2010 Language in education debates in Hong Kong focus on the role and status of English (as the former colonial language and an important means for international communication); Cantonese, the mother tongue of the majority of the population; and Putonghua, the national language of China. This paper examines the language policy formulated in 1997–1998, and finds that it radically departed from previous policies by mandating the use of Cantonese as the medium of instruction in secondary schools. The paper then analyses two subsequent policy revisions and concludes that, while the tonal emphasis on mother-tongue education has remained, the policy revisions have reversed the language policy to previous practices that emphasised the importance of English.

scholarly journals Language policy and language education in the Netherlands and Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folkert Kuiken ◽  
Elisabeth van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States

The European Union encourages all its citizens to be able to speak two languages in addition to their mother tongue. However, since the content of educational systems is the responsibility of individual member states, promoting multilingualism depends on the language policy of each member state. Still, countries may learn from practices and experiences in other countries. The similarities and differences between two case studies may be instructive from that point of view. In this paper, language policy and language education in two EU member states are compared with each other: the Netherlands on the one hand and Romania on the other. Questions that will be raised are: what are the linguistic rights of the minority groups, which languages are taught to whom, and to which degree is multilingualism an issue in both countries? Despite differences between the two countries, some striking similarities are observed.

scholarly journals Трансформация европейской концепции многоязычия и межъязыковое взаимодействие пограничья

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krivenkaya
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Current Vector

Процесс практической имплементации общеевропейской концепции многоязычия на региональном уровне учитывает разные формы и степень сопряжения культур, складывающиеся между народами на определенной территории. Современный вектор развития многоязычия, обозначенный призывами Идти на места и Изучать язык соседа , имеет целью учет национальной специфики и исторического опыта межкультурного взаимодействия народов, проживающих в условиях пограничья. Выводы автора о трансформации концепции многоязычия с вниманием к межъязыковому взаимодействию соседствующих народов базируются на анализе нормативной базы Совета Европы по вопросам языковой политики с акцентом на лингвокультурологический феномен пограничья.The specifics of the implementation at the regional level of the pan-European conceptof multilingualism take into account different forms and degree of conjugation of cultures that take shape between nations in a certain territory. The current vector of its development designated by the call Learn the language of the neighbor seeks to take account on the national specifics and the historical experience of intercultural interaction of peoples living in borderland conditions. The authors conclusions on the transformation of the concept of multilingualism with attention to the linguistic interaction of neighbouring peoples are based on an analysis of the Council of Europes regulatory framework on language policy issues, with an emphasis on the linguo-culturological aspect of the frontier.

scholarly journals Object and subject of staffing of the national police of Ukraine at the regional level

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Oleg Volodymyrovych Martselyak ◽  
Vladyslav Volodymyrovych Karelin ◽  
Ihor Mykhailovych Koropatnik ◽  
Rostislav Andriyovych Kalyuzhnyi
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Police Authority ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Law ◽  
Compliance With The Law ◽  
National Police ◽  
Logical Semantic

The purpose of the article is to investigate the specifics of the object and subject of staffing of the National Police of Ukraine at the regional level based on scientific points of view and regulatory legal acts. Writing the article, the following methods were used: dialectical, logical-semantic, and logical-legal methods. The relevance of the article is in the need to study the essence of the object and subject of staffing of the National Police at the regional level. The subject of the study is the legislation of Ukraine regarding the requirements for a police officer as an object of the police staffing, including at the regional level. The features of object and subject of the police staffing at the regional level are identified in the paper, as well as the restrictions that are currently placed upon the police officer on recruitment. The guarantees, determined by the law and which the police officer can use during the performance of official duties, are analyzed. The legislative requirements for candidates for senior posts are examined. The powers of the head of the territorial police authority are administrative and regulatory in nature, as evidenced by their rights and obligations. The authors concluded that the service in the National Police at the regional level is specific, requires professionalism and compliance with the law, which underlines the urgent need to strengthen staffing in this area. In addition, the author’s opinion of the concepts of the object and subject of staffing of the National Police of Ukraine at the regional level is provided due to the results of the study.

scholarly journals The Museum System of Modern Kazakhstan: Classification and Typology of Museums

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Abay Satubaldin ◽  
Kunikey Sakhiyeva
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
District Level ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
System A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This article discusses the museum system of modern Kazakhstan and offers, for the first time ever, a classification and typology of the country’s museums.In recent years in independent Kazakhstan, on the basis of the Soviet system, a modern museum network has been formed which currently lists 250 museums. Among them are 17 national-level museums, 54 at the regional level, 73 at the provincial level, 103 branches of regional- and district-level museums and four private museums.The purpose of this article is to analyse the museum system of modern Kazakhstan and develop a classification and typology of the country’s museums.In the course of the study, conducted in 2017–2018, data was collected on the activities of museums at the national, regional and district levels over the past seven years. From the results of this investigation, the museums of Kazakhstan were systematized according to the subject or topic of the museum (e.g. history, art, scientific), its affiliation (national, regional district), and by size, measured by number of employees.

scholarly journals AL-AKHTHA’ FII IKTISAB AL-TSUNAIYAT AL-SHUGHRA

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftahul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Minimal Pair ◽  
Minimal Pairs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Child Age

Language acquisition starts from the ability of listening basic letter(iktisab al-ashwat) since child age. The letter of a language is limited in number, and sometimes there is similarity of letters among languages. The similarity of letters in two languages make it easy to learn the language. On the contrary, the obstacle of language learning can be caused by different letters between two languages (mother tongue and second/foreign language). The problem may be caused by minimal pairs (tsunaiyat al-shughro). This research aims at finding out the error of minimal pair acquisition, with the subject of Indonesian students in Jami’ah Malik Saud Saudi Arabia, with the method of error analysis. The study concludes that in iktisab al-ashwat of minimal pairs, the error is around 3,3 %-58,3%. Second: the error on minimal pairs occurs on the letters shift ?? ?? ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ?? , and letter ? to be ?.

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