Body and Mind in Euskara: Contrasting 'dialogic' and 'monologic' subjectivities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roslyn M Frank
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Cognitive Frames ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

It is well recognized that the Basque language represents the most archaic linguistic stratum of Western Europe. As such it provides a fertile ground for investigating the way that indigenous cognitive frames of perception, abundantly manifest in lexical and morpho-syntactic structures of Euskara, have been modified over time by contact with Western frames of understanding and cultural conceptualizations. During the past hundred years large numbers of Basque speakers have ceased being monolingual and become bilingual speakers in Spanish or French and the resulting contacts between the two cognitive frames of reference have resulted in mixed usages, speakers who alternate between the indigenous model and the contact model. This alternation is especially prevalent in terms of the way that physical sensations are perceived and portrayed, that is, the way that the relationship between 'body' and 'mind' is represented linguistically. The indigenous frames are congruent with a conceptualization of self and selfhood defined as 'dialogic subjectivity' whereas the contact frames are represented by a kind of 'monologic subjectivity'. These contrasting frames are discussed and analyzed using concrete linguistic examples drawn from contemporary usage as well as historically attested sources.

scholarly journals Being Mafia Children: An Empirical Transgenerational Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Serena Giunta ◽  
Giuseppe Mannino ◽  
Cinzia Bizzarri ◽  
Giuliana La Fiura
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Criminal Organization ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

AbstractOur empirical study aims at understanding and analyzing whether and how the way in which the “sons of Mafia” consider their own family and the society in general has changed over time. The psychological study is based on a sample of 11 subjects all sons of the Mafia men divided according to a generational variable, i.e. these two ranges of age: 17-28 and 39-62. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the Grounded Theory method. From the comparison these elements emerged: first of all, the subjects have a distinct perception of these three different areas: - family, and especially the bond with their fathers; - society, represented mainly by the relationship with peers; - Mafia, specifically in relation to the value codes of this criminal organization. The analysis of these areas has allowed us to give a cross-reading of the Mafia phenomenon outlining the differences in the way in which the present generations and the past ones live and perceive it.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jan-Melissa Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theatrical Performance ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Scrutiny ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Sacred theatrical performance has always attracted the strong scrutiny of the state. Consequently, one focus of this study is the relationship between sacred aesthetics and the law: what practices are considered in need of legal protection (or proscription), and how does that agenda change over time? But another is the way in which tradition (in this case, the long history of sacred drama in England) is constantly contested and revised, involving a profound interrogation of the extent to which the inheritances of the past shape the present or indeed the present predetermines our reading of the past. The Introduction alerts the reader to both these dynamics—the persistence of certain forms in the face of state censorship, and the ways in which that very narrative of continuity must be subject to critical scrutiny.

scholarly journals Archiving Metaxourgio

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Thomais Kordonouri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

‘Archive’ is a totality of records, layers and memories that are collected. A city is the archive that consists of the conscious selection of these layers and traces of the past and the present, looking towards the future. Metaxourgio is an area in the wider historic urban area of Keramikos in Athens that includes traces of various eras, beginning in the Antiquity and continuing all the way into the 21st century. Its archaeological space ‘Demosion Sema’ is mostly concealed under the ground level, waiting to be revealed. In this proposal, Metaxourgio is redesigned in light of archiving. Significant traces of the Antiquity, other ruins and buildings are studied, selected and incorporated in the new interventions. The area becomes the ‘open archive’ that leads towards its lost identity. The proposal aims not only to intensify the relationship of architecture with archaeology, but also to imbue the area’s identity with meanings that refer to the past, present and future.

Shared values, shared health, shared prosperity

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Davies and
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This chapter looks at the relationship between commerce and health, some of the choices involved, and the impacts they have on total health. Public health specialists and policymakers have only recently begun to explore the complex relationship between commerce and health, what it has been in the past, what it is now, and importantly what it could look like as we re-build society post COVID-19. The role that work and employers play in our individual, family, and collective health, security, and prosperity has developed over time, and the dependence of companies on the health of their workforce, and their vulnerability when employees are ill, has changed too. The private sector can contribute to health in its immediate community, and nationally through the products it promotes, the working conditions for its employees, and the causes it supports.

scholarly journals Anger fast and slow: mediations of justice and violence in the age of populism

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Davies
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Perceived Injustice ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The rise of populist political rhetoric and mobilisation, together with a conflict-riven digital public sphere, has generated growing interest in anger as a central emotion in politics. Anger has long been recognised as a powerful driver of political action and resistance, by feminist scholars among others, while political philosophers have reflected on the relationship of anger to ethical judgement since Aristotle. This article seeks to differentiate between two different ideal types of anger, in order to illuminate the status of anger in contemporary populist politics and rhetoric. First, there is anger that arises in an automatic, pre-conscious fashion, as a somatic, reactive and performative way, to an extent that potentially spirals into violence. Second, there is anger that builds up over time in response to perceived injustice, potentially generating melancholia and ressentiment. Borrowing Kahneman’s dualism, the article refers to these as ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ anger, and deploys the distinction to understand how the two interact. In the hands of the demagogue or troll, ‘fast anger’ can be deployed to focus all energies on the present, so as to briefly annihilate the past and the ‘slow anger’ that has been deposited there. And yet only by combining the conscious reflection of memory with the embodied response of action can anger ever be meaningfully sated in politics.

The Changing Nature of Professional Regulation in Canada, 1867–1961

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Professional Regulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Research ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

There is a growing body of literature exploring the relationship between regulated professions and the state. Research has shown that the state is the key source of power for professions, and it has suggested that professions may support and assist state agencies and actors in many ways. Although studies have documented changing state-profession relations across region and era and recent research points to significant change in the regulation of some professions in the past decade or two, there remains much that we do not know about the changing nature of professional regulation over time. In this article I examine professional regulation in four Canadian provinces between 1867 and 1961. The findings reveal distinct eras of professional regulation and definite differences in who is regulated and how over time. There are many more regulated professions toward the end of the period, they are more closely regulated by the state, and their relationships to each other are more closely delineated. The implications for our understanding of state-profession relations over time are discussed.

scholarly journals FORUM: CLOSENESS AND DISTANCE IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT INTRODUCTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN BREWER ◽  
SILVIA SEBASTIANI
Keyword(s):  
Historical Writing ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Michel De Certeau ◽  
Age Of Enlightenment ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

According to Michel de Certeau, distance is the indispensable prerequisite for historical knowledge and the very characteristic of modern historiography. The historian speaks, in the present, about the absent, the dead, as Certeau labels the past, thus emphasizing the performative dimension of historical writing: “the function of language is to introduce through saying what can no longer be done.” As a consequence, the heterogeneity of two non-communicating temporalities becomes the challenge to be faced: the present of the historian, as a moment du savoir, is radically separated from the past, which exists only as an objet de savoir, the meaning of which can be restored by an operation of distantiation and contextualization. In Evidence de l’histoire: Ce que voient les historiens, François Hartog takes up the question of history writing and what is visible, or more precisely the modalities historians have employed to narrate the past, opening up the way to a reflection on the boundaries between the visible and the invisible: the mechanisms that have contributed to establish these boundaries over time, and the questions that have legitimized the survey of what has been seen or not seen. But, as Mark Phillips points out, it is the very ubiquity of the trope of distance in historical writings that has paradoxically rendered it almost invisible to historians, so that “it has become difficult to distinguish between the concept of historical distance and the idea of history itself.”

scholarly journals Institutions for getting out of the way

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD N. LANGLOIS
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way ◽  
Deirdre Mccloskey

AbstractIn ‘Max U versus Humanomics: a Critique of Neoinstitutionalism’, Deirdre McCloskey tells us that culture matters – maybe more than do institutions – in explaining the Great Enrichment that some parts of the world have enjoyed over the past 200 years. But it is entrepreneurship, not culture or institutions, that is the proximate cause of economic growth. Entrepreneurship is not a hothouse flower that blooms only in a culture supportive of commercial activity; it is more like kudzu, which grows invasively unless it is cut back by culture and institutions. McCloskey needs to tell us more about the structure of the relationship among culture, institutions, and entrepreneurship, and thus to continue the grand project begun by Schumpeter.

scholarly journals Storytelling, a model of and a model for planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlijn van Hulst
Keyword(s):  
Planning Practice ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Interest in storytelling in planning has grown over the last two decades. In this article two strands of research are identified: research that looks at storytelling as a model of the way planning is done and research that looks at storytelling as a model for the way planning could or should be done. Recently, the second strand has received the most attention. This article builds on theories of storytelling as an important aspect of everyday planning practice. It draws on an ethnographic case in which a range of actors struggled with the meaning of what was going on, (re)framing the past, present and future with the help of stories. The case illustrates how new stories are built on top of older ones and new understandings emerge along the way. The article also looks into the relationship between storytelling and other planning activities. The article ends with a plea for ethnographic fieldwork to further develop ideas on storytelling in planning practice.

scholarly journals Price, quality, and market dynamics of malaria rapid diagnostic tests: analysis of Global Fund 2009–2018 data

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Wittenauer ◽  
Spike Nowak ◽  
Nick Luter
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Global Fund ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Product Type ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria are a vital part of global malaria control. Over the past decade, RDT prices have declined, and quality has improved. However, the relationship between price and product quality and their larger implications on the market have yet to be characterized. This analysis used purchase data from the Global Fund together with product quality data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) Malaria RDT Product Testing Programme to understand three unanswered questions: (1) Has the market share by quality of RDTs in the Global Fund’s procurement orders changed over time? (2) What is the relationship between unit price and RDT quality? (3) Has the market for RDTs financed by the Global Fund become more concentrated over time? Methods Data from 10,075 procurement transactions in the Global Fund’s database, which includes year, product, volume, and price, was merged with product quality data from all eight rounds of the WHO-FIND programme, which evaluated 227 unique RDT products. To describe trends in market share by quality level of RDT, descriptive statistics were used to analyse trends in market share from 2009 to 2018. A generalized linear regression model was then applied to characterize the relationship between price and panel detection score (PDS), adjusting for order volume, year purchased, product type, and manufacturer. Third, a Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) score was calculated to characterize the degree of market concentration. Results Lower-quality RDTs have lost market share between 2009 and 2018, as have the highest-quality RDTs. No statistically significant relationship between price per test and PDS was found when adjusting for order volume, product type, and year of purchase. The HHI was 3,570, indicating a highly concentrated market. Conclusions Advancements in RDT affordability, quality, and access over the past decade risk stagnation if health of the RDT market as a whole is neglected. These results suggest that from 2009 to 2018, this market was highly concentrated and that quality was not a distinguishing feature between RDTs. This information adds to previous reports noting concerns about the long-term sustainability of this market. Further research is needed to understand the causes and implications of these trends.

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