scholarly journals Fertilizing measures to decrease Norway spruce yellowing

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S65-S72 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lomský ◽  
V. Šrámek ◽  
M. Maxa
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Health State ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Mg Content

At the end of nineties, within the mountain forests of the Krušné hory Mts., in connection with an increased acid deposition, the symptoms (yellowing) started to be visible, characterizing magnesium deficiency in the assimilation organs, when Mg contents were laying under 300 mg/kg. In mineral soil the Mg content is mostly less than 10 mg/kg. Contents of other basic elements (Ca, K) were also very low. During four years yellowing symptoms of the spruce stands have developed in an extent area of more that 10,000 ha. Since 1999, preventive measures have been adopted to improve the nutrition status of the forest stands. Liquid magnesium fertilizers as MgNsol, Lamag Mg, MgSsol were applied during the period of 1999–2002. Since 2001, in semi-operational experiment, powder Mg fertilizer – Silvamix F4 – of higher Mg content (63.3% MgO) was applied. Application of liquid fertilizer MgNsol has helped to compensate the nitrogen deficiency in the stands of insufficient nutrition in this element. Comparing of different types of liquid fertilizers has confirmed, that the highest increase of magnesium in assimilation organs was find in combined application of MgNsol and MgSsol fertilizers. Application of 300 kg/ha Silvamix F4 has increased the magnesium content in the first needle year class in 73% in average, potassium in 33%, calcium in 16%, and phosphorus in 85%. Besides increased nutrient content in needles also improvement of the health and phosphorus in 85%. Besides increased nutrient content in needles also improvement of the health state, i.e. revitalization of the stands affected can be observed.

scholarly journals  Development of chemical soil properties in the western Ore Mts. (Czech Republic) 10 years after liming

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
v. Šrámek ◽  
V. Fadrhonsová ◽  
L. Vortelová ◽  
B. Lomský
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Mg Content

The article focuses on changes in soil chemistry observed on plots limed in 2000 in the western Ore Mts.(Krušné hory) on the basis of chemical analyses done before liming and repeated in 2002, 2005 and 2010. In the deeper mineral soil (down to 30 cm), only the increase in pH and exchangeable magnesium was significant. The increase in exchangeable calcium in upper soil layers was significant in 2002 and 2005 only; ten years after liming the effect was negligible, although the number of Ca deficient samples was lower than in 2000. The exchangeable Mg content increased above the deficiency limit in all samples of upper soil, and an increase was also found in the deeper mineral soil. These changes were reflected in increasing base saturation and lower base cations/aluminium ratio in the organic and organomineral soil layer. Despite these positive shifts, calcium and magnesium deficiency and very low base saturation (< 10%) still prevail in the deeper mineral soil (2–30 cm) and are common even in the upper mineral soil. The increased total nitrogen level observed two and five years after liming indicated enhanced decomposition of the humus layer. On the other hand, N content in the upper organic (FH) horizon as well as in deeper mineral soil did not change significantly.  

Effect of washing procedures on trace-element content of hair.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1771-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
G S Assarian ◽  
D Oberleas
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trace Element Status ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract A pooled sample of hair was divided and portions prepared for analysis by three washing procedures, to evaluate the effect of washing procedure on the subsequent trace-element (Zn, Cu, Mg) content. The methods selected were a detergent wash, a hexane-ethanol wash, and an acetone-ether-detergent wash. For all elements, there was a significant difference among the results after these wash procedures. Magnesium content of hair was most affected by washing, containing less than half of the magnesium of the unwashed hair. The detergent wash removed the most zinc and magnesium; the acetone-ether-detergent wash removed the most copper. Our results indicate that the trace-element analysis of hair is sensitive to the preparation technique and therefore is an unreliable source of information about trace-element status.

Mechanism of increased erythrocyte membrane fluidity during magnesium deficiency in weanling rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. C270-C276 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tongyai ◽  
Y. Rayssiguier ◽  
C. Motta ◽  
E. Gueux ◽  
P. Maurois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity ◽  
And Control

The erythrocyte membrane was investigated in weanling male rats pair fed with magnesium-deficient and control diets for 8 days. Fluorescence polarization studies revealed a 15% increase in the fluidity of membranes from deficient rats. A similar increase in the fluidity of liposomes indicated that protein was not involved. The change was associated with decreased osmotic fragility of intact erythrocytes; the cells lost their biconcavity and had a flattened appearance with surface irregularities. Analysis of the membranes showed decreased amounts of magnesium, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin in the deficient group. The reduced ratios of cholesterol to phospholipid and sphingomyelin to phosphatidylcholine were consistent with the increased fluidity. Addition of physiological amounts of magnesium to the medium rigidified membranes incubated in tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane buffer, and this was prevented by the presence of EDTA. Cross-incubation experiments with erythrocyte ghosts and plasma from the two groups of rats showed that magnesium-deficient plasma increased the fluidity of control ghosts and control plasma rigidified ghosts from magnesium-deficient rats. Addition of sufficient magnesium chloride to raise the magnesium content of deficient plasma to normal had no significant effect. These results show that the increased fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane in magnesium deficiency is due to physicochemical exchange with the plasma. Although magnesium can directly influence membrane fluidity, the change during its deficiency in vivo is mainly mediated indirectly via disturbances in lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals CONTENTS OF MAGNESIUM IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND POPULATION MORBIDITY RATE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Yahyaev ◽  
Shamil K. Salikhov ◽  
S. O. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
A. Sh. Aselderova ◽  
Z. Z. Surkhayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Water Plants

Introduction. Study of the interrelation between magnesium content in biosphere objects (soil, natural water, plants) with arterial hypertension (AH) incidence among the population living in the territory of the plain Dagestan (Babayurtovsky, Kizlyar, Tarumovsky and Nogai districts of the Republic). material and Methods. To assess the development of hypertension, the data were obtained from the medical information center of the Ministry of Health of Dagestan. Samples of soil, water, plants with the determination of the magnesium content in them were processed by the photometric method in the biogeochemical laboratory of the Prikaspiyskiy Institute of Biology Resources of Daghestan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For analyzes, the material was selected in the summer months. The correlation coefficients are calculated by Pearson. Results. When comparing the incidence rates of AH for 2005-2007 with the magnesium content in soils, natural waters, plants, a negative average correlation of magnesium concentration in the study sites with the incidence of AH population was established in the study area. A number of patients in the studied years was also noted to be changing, but the dependence of the incidence of AH of the population on the magnesium content in the biosphere objects is preserved. Conclusions. One of the factors of occurrence and course of hypertension is the magnesium status of the population, which depends on the geochemical features of the territory. As a result of the study, it was found that the higher the magnesium content in biosphere objects, the lower the incidence of AH population. In order to reduce the AH values among the population, it is necessary to correct the lack of magnesium in the human body with magnesium additives, which contribute to the regulation of blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In connection with the possible subclinical magnesium deficiency, an important factor in informing about the possible morbidity of hypertension is information on the magnesium content in environmental objects.

scholarly journals Leaf morphology of 89 tree species from a lowland tropical rain forest (Atlantic forest) in South Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Regina Torres Boeger ◽  
Luiz Carlos Alves ◽  
Raquel Rejane Bonatto Negrelle
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
South Brazil

We examined the leaf morphology and anatomy of 89 tree species growing in an area of coastal Atlantic Forest in South Brazil. The majority of the species (> 75%) had small (notophyll and microphyll) elliptical simple leaves with entire margins. These leaves presented a typical anatomical structure consisting of a single epidermal cell layer, single palisade parenchyma cell layer, and spongy parenchyma with 5 to 8 cell layers. The sclerenchyma was limited to the vascular bundles. The majority of the tree species (91%) had leaves with mesomorphic characteristics. Few species depicted leaves with xeromorphic features as would be expected in such oligotrophic sandy soil. These mesomorphic features appeared to be associated to high efficiency mechanisms for nutrient cycling that compensated for the low nutrient content of the mineral soil.

The effect of low-intensity prescribed burns in two seasons on litterfall biomass and nutrient content

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Espinosa ◽  
J. Madrigal ◽  
V. Pando ◽  
A. C. de la Cruz ◽  
M. Guijarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Low Intensity

Litterfall production and composition, fall pattern and nutrient content were studied in a mixed stand of Pinus nigra and Pinus pinaster (El Pozuelo), as well as in a pure stand of Pinus nigra (Beteta) in the Cuenca Mountains in order to determine the effect of two-season prescribed burning treatments. Needles were the most abundant fraction. Pinecone fraction decreased after burning in the mixed stand and the opposite occurred in the pure stand. The inflorescence fraction showed a decrease in the spring-burned plots at El Pozuelo and Beteta. Bark, branch and miscellaneous fractions were affected mainly by meteorological events. Low-intensity prescribed burning was not found to cause significant perturbations. The perturbation was mitigated over the years. An immediate effect of prescribed burning in spring was seen at El Pozuelo and Beteta, although it was more significant for the pure stand. The effect of prescribed burning in autumn at Beteta had a delayed response. As regards nutrient contents, no differences in carbon concentrations were detected. Overall, an increasing trend in N, P, K concentrations in needles after the burning treatment was found. Calcium was not a limiting factor. Magnesium content exhibited no clear trend.

Relationships between microsite type and the growth and nutrition of young black spruce on post-disturbed lowland black spruce sites in eastern Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lavoie ◽  
David Paré ◽  
Yves Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Growth Substrates ◽  
Humic Materials ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Decaying Wood

The surface of the soil in recently harvested or burned lowland black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) sites is composed of a fine mosaic of different bryophytes (mostly Sphagnum spp. and feathermosses), disturbed organic material originating mostly from mosses at different stages of decay, and exposed mineral soil. Growth substrates were compared in lowland black spruce stands regenerating after either careful logging or wildfire. The 3-year annual increment for black spruce seedlings was greatest with substrates of feathermosses, mainly Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., fibric material of P. schreberi origin, and a mixture of fibric P. schreberi and humic materials; it was least with fibric Sphagnum spp., mineral soil, and decaying wood substrates. The most favourable substrates for growth were characterized by better black spruce N and P foliar status. Our results also suggest that categories of growth substrates in the rooting zone reflect nutritional quality better than categories of growth substrates on the soil surface. To maintain or increase black spruce growth following careful logging of sites prone to paludification, we recommend fill-planting of seedlings in substrates originating from P. schreberi; management techniques that favour P. schreberi over Sphagnum mosses should also be developed.

Skeletal muscle injury after magnesium depletion in the dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. F113-F120
Author(s):  
R. E. Cronin ◽  
E. R. Ferguson ◽  
W. A. Shannon ◽  
J. P. Knochel
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Focal Necrosis ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Convulsive Seizures ◽  
Mg Content

Magnesium deficiency was induced in a setting of an otherwise adequate diet in adult beagle dogs. Despite the development of severe hypomagnesemia (from 1.5 +/- 0.2 to 0.5 +/- 0.2 meq/liter) during the 10-wk study, Mg content of skeletal muscle fell only modestly (from 3.8 +/- 0.2 to 3.1 +/- 0.4, P less than 0.005, at 7 wk and 3.5 +/- 0.4 mM/100 g FFDS, NS, at 10 wk). The most pronounced muscle compositional changes were a loss of phosphorus (from 29.5 +/- 1.8 to 22.0 +/- 1.6, P less than 0.001, at 7 wk and 24.8 +/- 2.8 mM/100 G FFDS, P less than 0.001, at 10 wk) and gains of calcium (from 0.64 +/- 0.11 to 0.93 +/- 0.17, P less than 0.05, at 7 wk, and 0.85 +/- 0.26 mM/100 g FFDS, P less than 0.05, at 10 wk), sodium (from 13.2 +/- 2.6 to 22.9 +/- 4.7, P less than 0.001 at 7 wk and 17.8 +/- 2.0 meq/100 g FFDS, P less than 0.005, at 10 wk), and chloride (from 5.8 +/- 0.8 to 8.2 +/- 1.6, P less than 0.001, at 7 wk and 6.8 +/- 0.6 meq/100 g FFDS, P less than 0.05, at 10 wk). Cellular potassium content did not change (from 35.9 +/- 1.9 to 33.0 +/- 4.1, NS, at 7 wk and 36.3 +/- 2.0 meq/100 g FFDS, NS, at 10 wk). Muscle cell electrical hyperpolarization developed after 10 wk of Mg depletion. Convulsive seizures developed in three animals. Frank rhabdomyolysis in three animals and focal necrosis in four animals were present on terminal biopsy, with only four animals having completely normal histology.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Magnesium Content on Intestinal Microbiota of Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2889
Author(s):  
Arantxa García-Legorreta ◽  
Luis Alfonso Soriano-Pérez ◽  
Aline Mariana Flores-Buendía ◽  
Omar Noel Medina-Campos ◽  
Lilia G. Noriega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Dietary Magnesium

Background: Magnesium is a mineral that modulates several physiological processes. However, its relationship with intestinal microbiota has been scarcely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the role of dietary magnesium content to modulate the intestinal microbiota of Wistar male rats. Methods: Rats were randomly assigned one of three diets: a control diet (C-Mg; 1000 mg/kg), a low magnesium content diet (L-Mg; 60 mg/kg), and a high magnesium content diet (H-Mg; 6000 mg/kg), for two weeks. After treatment, fecal samples were collected. Microbiota composition was assessed by sequencing the V3–V4 hypervariable region. Results: The C-Mg and L-Mg groups had more diversity than H-Mg group. CF231, SMB53, Dorea, Lactobacillus and Turibacter were enriched in the L-Mg group. In contrast, the phyla Proteobacteria, Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas, and Victivallis were overrepresented in the H-Mg group. PICRUSt analysis indicated that fecal microbiota of the L-Mg group were encoded with an increased abundance of metabolic pathways involving carbohydrate metabolism and butanoate metabolism. Conclusion: Dietary magnesium supplementation can result in intestinal dysbiosis development in a situation where there is no magnesium deficiency. Conversely, low dietary magnesium consumption is associated with microbiota with a higher capacity to harvest energy from the diet.

The effect of magnesium content on drilling of Al-Mg-Ti alloy by hole electrical discharge machining process

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Omer Eyercioglu ◽  
Kursad Gov
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Mg Content

This study presents an experimental investigation of small hole electrical discharge machining of Al-Mg-Ti alloys. A series of drilling operations were carried out for exploring the effect of magnesium content. Holes of 2 mm diameter and 15 mm depth were drilled using tubular single-hole rotary brass electrodes. The rates of material removal and electrode wear, surface roughness, overcut, average recast layer thickness, taper height and angle were studied for Al-Mg-Ti alloys contain 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14% Mg. The results show that the material removal rate is increasing with increasing Mg content while the rate of electrode wear is almost unchanged. Due to decreasing the melting temperature of the Al-Mg-Ti alloy with increasing Mg content, more metal melts and vaporizes during electrical discharge machining drilling. Therefore, more overcut and taper, thicker white layer, and rougher surfaces were measured for higher Mg content.

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