scholarly journals Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Paratyphi B as a disease-causing agent in reptiles in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bzdil ◽  
O. Holy ◽  
J. Toporcak
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Paratyphi B ◽  
Standard Disc

The aim of this study was to describe two case studies of reptile disease, in which the primary pathogen was apparently Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Paratyphi B. Pathological examinations, sampling from different organs and cloacal swabs was performed on a dead savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) and a sick green tree python (Chondropython viridis). This material was subjected to culture examination, including selective enrichment using standard methods. Typing was performed using MALDI-TOF and strains were also serologically typified. The utilisation of d-tartrate was confirmed biochemically and also using PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the standard disc diffusion method using Mueller-Hinton agar without blood and antibiotic discs. In both cases the detected Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Paratyphi B was positive for d-tartrate and exquisitely susceptible to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, gentamicin, ceftazidime, enrofloxacin and piperacillin.

scholarly journals Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar: compliance with contemporary requirements

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
L. V. Domotenko ◽  
I. S. Kosilova ◽  
A. P. Shepelin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

At present, a rise of antimicrobial resistance requires that susceptibility of infectious agents to antimicrobial agents could be accurately evaluated as related errors may lead to selecting improper therapeutics provoking spread of drug resistance. Pathogen sensitivity to antimicrobial agents is commonly determined by a disc diffusion method. A quality of nutrient medium used in assays plays a crucial role influencing final results. In Russia, it turned out that regulatory documents such as the nationwide guidelines and clinical recommendations outlining methodology for antimicrobial susceptibility testing underlay availability in domestic market few nutrient media, including Mueller–Hinton Agar, AGV medium etc. exhibiting sometimes unsatisfactory quality. To harmonize such methodology with international requirements, theStateResearchCenterfor Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology has developed a technology and promoted manufacture of Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar satisfying requirements of EUCAST documents, clinical guidelines, and ISO/TS 16782:2016. The main objective of this study was to compare quality of new agar product with five similar foreign media while examining 11 test strains by disc diffusion method. As a result, some of nutrient media available to the Russian market turned out to be off-standard: not all of them satisfy to the EUCAST requirements and clinical guidelines since diameter distribution for growth inhibition recommended by EUCAST for quality control does not fit into permissible range. Moreover, susceptibility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, Meropenem, as well as S. aureus ATSS 25923 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212 to tigecycline was assessed with certain mistakes. The data obtained by us were analyzed in accordance to the new document ISO/TS 16782:2016 “Clinical laboratory testing — criterion for acceptable lots of dehydrated Mueller–Hinton agar and broth for antimicrobial susceptibility testing”, not approved yet In Russia. To determine potential reason for deviation of data from reference range, we measured concentration of bivalent metals in all nutrient media examined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. We determined new patterns affecting reliability of results on microbial antibiotic susceptibility. A need to check intralaboratory quality control of nutrient media was emphasized.  

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Assessment of Fe3+ Inclusion Complex of p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene Diamide Derivative

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ali Chandio ◽  
Ayaz Ali Memon ◽  
Shahabuddin Memon ◽  
Fakhar N. Memon ◽  
Qadeer Khan Panhwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Present study deals with the synthesis of the p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene diamide derivative as ligand (L) and its Fe3+ complex, followed by its characterization using TLC and FT-IR, while UV-Vis and Job’s plot study were performed for complex formation. Antimicrobial activity of the derivative (L) and its metal complex was carried out by the disc diffusion method against bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus albus) and fungi (R. stolonifer). Different concentrations of the derivative (L) (6, 3, 1.5, 0.75, and 0.37 μg/mL) and its Fe3+ complex were prepared, and Mueller–Hinton agar was used as the medium for the growth of microorganisms. Six successive dilutions of the derivative (L) and Fe3+ complex were used against microorganisms. Two successive dilutions (6 and 3 μg/mL) of the derivative (L) showed antibacterial action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, three successive dilutions (6, 3, and 1.5 μg/mL) of the derivative (L) showed antifungal activity. However, all of six dilutions of the Fe3+ complex showed antimicrobial activity. Derivative (L) showed 3 and 1.5 μg/mL minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against bacteria and fungi, respectively. On the contrary, its Fe3+ complex showed 0.37 μg/mL value of MIC against bacteria and fungi. Hence, Fe3+ complex of the derivative (L) was found to be a more effective antimicrobial agent against selected bacteria and fungi than the diamide derivative (L).

scholarly journals The efficacy of Calendula officinalis tincture as an antibacterial on in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mbuso Mabuza
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Microbial Study

The aim of this in vitro microbial study was to evaluate the efficacy of Calendula officinalis tincture 60% (v/v) ethanol as an antibacterial on in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The standardised disc - diffusion method was employed. Seven pairs of Mueller - Hinton agar plates were used.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Eight Medicinal Plants against Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from Broiler Meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-48
Author(s):  
Md. Rayhan Ali ◽  
Md. Omar Faruque ◽  
Md. Tarek Molla ◽  
Roksana Khanam ◽  
Shahin Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Standard Disc

The excess use of antimicrobial agents in the poultry industry is a significant reason for the gradual spread and increasing level of multidrug resistance bacteria. This article is based on a study in which the antibacterial activity of aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic and acetonic extracts of eight medicinal plants were evaluated by standard disc diffusion method against multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler meat. The multidrug resistance was checked by commercially available antibiotics using standard disc diffusion method. The results have indicated that the ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa showed maximum zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli, while Asparagus racemosus showed maximum zone of inhibition against Salmonella spp. Other experimental plant extracts had showed moderate activity against these multidrug-resistant bacteria, which can also be considered as potential source of active beneficial phytochemicals. Proper management and application of these plant extracts may be a wonderful alternative of commercially available antibiotic to minimize the risk.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MIXTURE FROM DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS IN GEL, CREAM AND BODY MILK FORMULATION, AGAINST DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzoko Kungulovski ◽  
Natalija Atanasova-Pancevska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Standard Disc

In this study the antimicrobial activity of a mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in three different forms of gel, cream and lotion was examined with the purpose of discovering new anti-microbial compounds. The antimicrobial activity was investigated through the standard disc diffusion method, as well as through a variation of the microdillution method. The formulations under examination (gel, cream and lotion) showed a broad spectrum of action against all the selected microorganisms, with inhibition zones of 9–46 mm. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all the formulations against the microorganisms in the study was in the range of 0.000761μg ml-1 to 0.125μg ml-1. The results of this study have clearly demonstrated that the mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in the forms of gel, cream and lotion can definitely be used in the battle against the microorganisms under investigation.

scholarly journals Monitoring of antibiotic resistance in isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaein the Czech Republic between 2001 and 2003

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nedbalcova ◽  
P. Satran ◽  
Z. Jaglic ◽  
R. Ondriasova ◽  
Z. Kucerova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
High Increase ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

During the period of 2001 and 2003 a total of 238 isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae obtained from 26 pig herds in the Czech Republic (2001 – 73 isolates, 2002 – 110 isolates, 2003 – 55 isolates) were examined for antibiotic resistance by disc diffusion method. Resistance to erythromycin (95.5% to 98.6%), streptomycin (76.4% to 82.7%) and tiamulin (72.7%) was detected most frequently over the whole monitored period. High increase in percentage of resistant isolates to tetracycline (2001 – 11.0%, 2002 – 36.4%, 2003 – 81.8%), doxycycline (2001 – 9.6%, 2002 – 34.6%, 2003 – 61.8%), nalidixic acid (2001 – 2.7%, 2002 – 14.5%, 2003 – 45.5%), and norfloxacin (2001 – 0%, 2002 – 7.3%, 2003 – 34.6%) was found, while differences in resistance to cephalotine (2001 – 1.4%, 2002 – 7.3%, 2003 – 9.1%), cotrimoxazol (2001 – 4.1%, 2002 – 10.0%, 2003 – 7.3%), amoxicillin (2001 – 12.3%, 2002 – 12.7%, 2003 – 10.9%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2001 – 9.6%, 2002 – 9.1%, 2003 – 10.9%) were small. Prevalence of isolates resistant to sulfasomidine was detected decreasing (2001 – 43.8%, 2002 – 47.3% and 2003 – 29.1%).

Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilham Nassri ◽  
LATIFA TAHRI ◽  
AMAL SAIDI ◽  
NAJIA AMEUR ◽  
MOHAMMED FEKHAOUI
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Abstract. Nassri I, Tahri L, Saidi A, Ameur N, Fekhaoui M. 2021. Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring Water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco. Biodiversitas 22: 1363-1370. The persistence and diversity of serotypes belonging to pathogens in environmental waters including surface and groundwater have been widely documented and that the aquatic environment represents a relatively stable environment for these microorganisms. Study was carried out on the prevalence, diversity, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates taken from 102 samples of spring water in a rural region of Northwestern Morocco (Rabat-Salé-Zemour-Zaer) collected for two seasonal campaigns between March 2010 and June 2011. The search and identification of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out according to ISO 19250 and ISO 16266 methods respectively. The serotyping of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa was carried out according to the Kauffmann and White and IATS (International Antigenic Typing System) schemes respectively. Antibiotic resistance of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out by the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method (Biorad). S. enterica showed a prevalence of 10.7% with 09 different serotypes circulating including S. paratyphi B, S. brandenburg, S. kentucky, S. group III b (serotype 50: z52: z53,), S. boon, S. tshiongwe, S. assinie, S. togo, and S. tanger. In contrast, P. aeruginosa showed a prevalence of 21.6% with 07 different serotypes circulating including O6, O1, O7, O9, O4, O3, and O10. In this study, antimicrobial resistance revealed that all isolated strains of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa still exhibit a wild resistance phenotype. Contaminated water sources are reservoirs of these pathogens but do not yet present the risk factors for these bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Utility of a novel chromogenic medium as a screening method in the detection of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Anusha Chaturvedi ◽  
Gunjiganur Shankarappa Banashankari
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Chromogenic Medium ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Standard Disc

Abstract INTRODUCTION: With the emergence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bugs, there is an urgent need for rapid detection of these resistant organisms. AIM: This study was performed to assess the utility of a novel chromogenic medium in the detection of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae from various clinical specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 202 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, which were resistant to meropenem (10 μg) disc by standard disc diffusion method, were analyzed over a period of 6 months. These isolates were subjected to the modified Hodge test (MHT) and inoculated onto the chromogenic medium. Following which the results were analyzed. RESULTS: It was observed that 76.73% of the Enterobacteriaceae gave a positive result on the MHT, 18.31% were negative and 4.95% gave indeterminate result. While 88.11% produced growth on the chromogenic medium, 6.93% yielded no growth and 4.95% gave variable results. Concordance in the results of the two tests was found to be 65.34%. CONCLUSION: Enterobacteriaceae are emerging to be carbapenem resistant and are responsible for the soaring rates of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs), especially among critically ill patients. Hence, early detection of the same is important in controlling HAIs.

QUORUM SENSING SCREENING OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM MONGOLIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Zolboo ◽  
L Tsenguunmaa ◽  
O Undram ◽  
J Batkhuu
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Communication ◽  
Standard Disc

The purpose of this study was to search for a novel quorum sensinginhibitor and analyseits inhibitory activity of medicinal plants of Mongolia. This study investigated the effects of some plant extracts on the bacterial communication system, expressed as quorum sensing activity. Quorum sensinghas directly propotional effect on the amount of certain compound such as pigments, produced by the bacteria. Alcohol extracts of 103 extracts of 66 medicinal plants were tested for anti-quorum sensingactivity by the Chromobacterium violaceum assay using the standard disc-diffusion method. The screening revealed the anti-quorum sensing activity of 18 extracts of 13 plants; particularly aerial part of Hedysarum alpinum L., Spongiocarpella gruboviiUlzii and Goniolimon speciosum (L.) Boiss.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 63-65

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