scholarly journals Selected haematological indices in farmed male fallow deer (Dama dama) depending on the different conditions during the wintering period

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
K Tajchman
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Fallow deer (Dama dama) are the most common breeding species among farmed cervids in Poland. Monitoring the animals’ health, nutritional status, and welfare are highly important aspects in their breeding. Haematological variables are important indicators for comparing the physiological status of the animals and for monitoring the changes in the organism related to the adaptation to the breeding conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the day’s length and the total protein content in the diet for the farmed fallow deer on the selected haematological variables. The study demonstrated a significant decline in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and an increase of the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P < 0.05) in all the animals after the winter period. However, the animal group exposed to prolonged daylight exhibited a significant increase in the platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) (P < 0.05). In turn, the group receiving a lower amount of protein in the diet was characterised by a significant reduction in the platelet count (PLT) (P < 0.05). Thus, the length of daylight and the protein content of the diet for fallow deer exert a significant impact on several haematological characteristics, which may serve as indicators of an animal’s nutritional status and welfare.

scholarly journals Responses for blood morphological indices in a 60-km horse endurance race depending on the season

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Indrė Poškienė ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Algis Noreika ◽  
Jurgita Autukaite ◽  
Rūta Undzenaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration

The aim of this study was to find whether the magnitude of changes in blood before and after horse endurance competitions was the same at the beginning and the end of the season and if the studied indices could be useful in assessing the impact of such changes on the length of the endurance racing season. The study was conducted on 36 clinically healthy horses. Blood samples were taken during 60-km endurance competitions in 2014, three times in total. The study revealed an increase of lymphocytes (× 1.89-2.05; P < 0.001), red blood cell count (× 1.11-1.12; P < 0.001), and a decrease in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (× 1.20-1.27; P < 0.001), red cell distribution width (× 1.11; P < 0.01), platelet concentrations (× 1.33-1.40; P < 0.05), when compared at the beginning and in the end of the horse endurance racing season. During the entire season, haematocrit values significantly increased after the race but were at their lowest in the mid-season period. The results proved a significant increase in the white blood cell and granulocyte counts following the finish of a 60-km endurance race, when comparing the values at the beginning and in the end of the horse endurance racing season, and a significant reduction in lymphocytes when comparing the values at the beginning (35.7%) and at the end (29.7%) of the season. The endurance competition season highly influences haematology indices in horses' blood, however, to determine the season's impact on the results of the race, additional studies must be conducted.

scholarly journals Assessment of dicarbonyl contributions to secondary organic aerosols over China using RAMS-CMAQ

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 6481-6495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Li ◽  
Meigen Zhang ◽  
Guiqian Tang ◽  
Yele Sun ◽  
Fangkun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The concentration of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is underestimated in current model studies. Recent research suggests that the reactive uptake of dicarbonyls contributes to the production of SOA, although few models have included this pathway. Glyoxal, an important representative component of dicarbonyls in models, is significantly underestimated. We therefore incorporated the reactive uptake of dicarbonyls into the regional air quality modeling system RAMS-CMAQ (the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System-Community Multiscale Air Quality) to evaluate the contribution of dicarbonyls to SOA, and we then assess the impact of the underestimation of glyoxal on the production of SOA in China during two time periods: 3 June to 11 July 2014 (episode 1) and 14 October to 14 November 2014 (episode 2). When the reactive uptake process was added, the modeled mean concentration of SOA in episode 1 increased by 3.65 µg m−3, which explained 34.8 % of the unaccounted-for source of SOA. Meanwhile the increase in the concentration of SOA in episode 2 was 1.82 µg m−3 as a result of the lower liquid water content and the lower amount of dicarbonyls produced from biogenic precursors in the fall. On this basis, when the glyoxal simulation was improved, the modeled mean dicarbonyl-derived SOA (AAQ) increased by more than a factor of 2 in both episodes relative to case 1. AAQ in episode 1 contributed, on average, 60.6 % of the total concentration of SOA and the increase in this contribution represented 69.1 % of the unaccounted-for concentration of SOA, whereas the mean AAQ in episode 2 accounted for 64.5 % of total concentration of SOA. Based on the results, the mean AAQ over China was generally higher in the east than in the west during the two episodes. The highest value (10–15 µg m−3) of episode 1 appeared in the areas around the lower reaches of the Yellow River, whereas the highest value of 5–10 µg m−3 in episode 2 was concentrated over regions from south of the lower reaches of the Yellow River to the south of Guangzhou Province as well as the Sichuan Basin. The contribution of AAQ to the concentration of SOA in episode 1 varied from 10 % to 90 % throughout China, with the highest contributions (70 %–90 %) in the coastal regions and offshore along the East China Sea to the South China Sea and in the southwestern regions. The fraction of AAQ to SOA in episode 2 was in the range of 10 %–80 % over China, with the fraction up to 80 % in a small portion of northeastern China.

scholarly journals Assessment of dicarbonyl contributions to secondary organic aerosols over China using RAMS-CMAQ

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Li ◽  
Meigen Zhang ◽  
Guiqian Tang ◽  
Yele Sun ◽  
Fangkun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The concentration of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is underestimated by one to two orders of magnitude in current model studies. Recent research suggests that the aqueous irreversible uptake of dicarbonyls contributes to the production of SOA, although few models have included this pathway. Glyoxal, an important representative component of dicarbonyls in models, is significantly underestimated. We therefore incorporated the aqueous irreversible uptake of dicarbonyls into the regional air quality modeling system RAMS-CMAQ (the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System-Community Multiscale Air Quality) to evaluate the contribution of dicardonyls to SOA, and we then assess the impact of the underestimation of glyoxal on the production of SOA in China during two time periods: June 3 to July 11, 2014 (episode 1) and October 14 to November 14, 2014 (episode 2). When the aqueous irreversible uptake process was added, the modeled mean concentration of SOA in episode 1 increased by 1.57 μg/m3, which explains 15.0 % of the unaccounted source of SOA. By contrast, the increase in the concentration of SOA in episode 2 was small as a result of the lower liquid water content and the lower amount of dicarbonyls produced from biogenic precursors in the fall. On this basis, when the glyoxal simulation was improved, the modeled mean dicarbonyl-derived SOA (AORGCJ) increased by a factor of 2 in both episodes. AORGCJ in episode 1 contributed, on average, 39.0 % of the total concentration of SOA and the increase in this contribution represented 26.7 % of the unaccounted concentration of SOA, whereas the mean AORGCJ in episode 2 accounted for 18.5 % of total concentration of SOA. Based on the results for episode 1, the mean AORGCJ in summer over China was generally higher in the east than in the west, with the highest value (5–10 μg/m3) in the areas between the lower reaches of the Yellow and Yangtze rivers and in the Sichuan Basin. The contribution of AORGCJ to the concentration of SOA varied from 10 to 90 % throughout China, with the highest contributions (70–90 %) in the coastal regions and offshore along the East China Sea to the South China Sea and in the southwestern regions.

Successful embryo transfer following artificial insemination of superovulated fallow deer (Dama dama)

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
HN Jabbour ◽  
VS Marshall ◽  
CM Argo ◽  
J Hooton ◽  
AS Loudon
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica ◽  
Morula Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Follicular Response

Thirty-four European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) were randomly allocated into embryo donor (n = 12) or embryo recipient (n = 22) groups. All does were treated with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices for 14 days. Animals in the embryo donor group were further treated with 200 I.U. pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and 0.5 units ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). PMSG was administered 72 h before withdrawal of CIDR devices and FSH was given in eight 0.063 unit injections at 12-hourly intervals starting at the time of PMSG administration. All embryo donor animals were inseminated, by laparoscopy in both uterine horns, 36 h after withdrawal of CIDR devices with 25 x 10(6) fresh spermatozoa collected from Mesopotamian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica). Embryos were recovered by laparotomy on Day 3 (n = 6) or Day 6 (n = 6) after withdrawal of CIDR devices and the ovarian response was determined. In total, 22 embryos were transferred into the oviduct (2-4-cell stage, n = 14) or uterine horn (morula stage, n = 8) on Day 3 or Day 6 after withdrawal of CIDR devices respectively. The overall means (+/- s.e.m.) of total follicular response and corpora lutea were 24.2 +/- 3.5 and 14.1 +/- 3.6 respectively. The mean number of large unruptured follicles was higher on Day 6 than on Day 3 (13.5 +/- 2.9 v. 6.7 +/- 1.3, P < 0.05). The overall embryo recovery rate was 45.8%. There was no difference in pregnancy rate following transfer of embryos on either Day 3 or Day 6 (7/14 v. 5/8 respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Density dependence of developmental instability in a dimorphic ungulate

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Serrano ◽  
Jean-Marc Angibault ◽  
Bruno Cargnelutti ◽  
A. J. Mark Hewison
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Density Dependence ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Individual Quality ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
First Time

The use of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) for biomonitoring environmental stress is limited by the lack of work on how FA in particular traits responds to specific stresses. Here, by manipulating the number of individuals in an enclosed fallow deer ( Dama dama ) population, we describe, for the first time, clear density dependence in the FA of juvenile jaw morphology. The impact of high population density on FA was strong for both sexes, supporting the use of FA for indexing environmental stress. In addition, there was some indication that the change in FA was greater in males (43.6%) than females (28.5%). Finally, the ability to buffer density-dependent stress was independent of body condition. We suggest that, under highly limiting conditions, whole cohorts may be unable to buffer against developmental error, irrespective of individual quality.

The effects of castration of fallow deer (Dama dama) on body growth and venison production

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Mulley ◽  
A. W. English
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Velvet Antler ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Potential Loss

AbstractCastration of fallow deer (Dama dama) at 7 months of age resulted in a depressed growth rate to slaughter at 20 months of age, compared with entire bucks. The castrated bucks were significantly lighter at 15 and 20 months of age respectively (P < 0·001). The mean carcass weight of castrated bucks was 6·2 kg lighter and their dressing proportion 0·07 lower than entire bucks. The potential loss of income per carcass is equivalent to A$27·00 per castrated buck at 1984 prices, with a further potential loss of A$30·00 per head from velvet antler production prior to slaughter, if this is deferred until 2 years of age. It is suggested that the only advantage that castrated bucks would have over dean tiered entire bucks occurs during the rutting period of 3 to 6 weeks from early April, when entire bucks are extremely aggressive, and difficult to confine and transport without risk of injury and bruising of carcasses.

scholarly journals Nutrient Intake, Physical Activity and Nutritional Status Among Second Cycle Students in Tamale, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
P. P. M. Dapare ◽  
Y. Adams ◽  
E. K. Djabuni ◽  
I. Osei ◽  
S. O. Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Day School ◽  
High Physical Activity ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The issues of nutrition and dietary habits are timely because nutrition plays an important role among the external factors that may impact the health of an individual. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of nutrient intake and physical activity on nutritional status of second cycle students within the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from February, 2015 to April, 2015 where a total of 200 students, comprising both male (49.5%) and female (50.5%) students were conveniently selected from two schools; a day school (44%) and a boarding school (56%). A questionnaire containing closed ended and open ended questions were developed to cover socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, physical activity and nutrients intake. The mean age of the participants was 17.78±1.7 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study were 6% (BMI), 28% (WHR) and 1% (BMI), 10% (WHR) respectively. The prevalence of underweight and high physical activity was higher in males (p=0.0017 and p=0.0027 respectively) whiles the prevalence of overweight, obesity and low physical activity were higher in females (p=<0.0001, p=0.0023 and p=<0.0001 respectively). The mean total daily energy intake of the study population was 4177±7569 Kcal/day. Males significantly consumed more calories (p=0.0189), carbohydrates (p=0.0401), proteins (p=0.0282) and iron (p=0.035) than females. Prevalence of overweight and high physical activity were higher in day students (p=<0.0001 and p=0.0014 respectively) whiles prevalence of overweight and low physical activity were found in boarding students (p=0.0257 and p=<0.0001). This study brings to bare the increasing prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in adolescents, hence the dual burden of under nutrition and over nutrition. It brings to light the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among female adolescents as a consequence of reduced physical activity. The study also reveals the nutritional deficiencies coupled with reduced physical activity in boarding school students as well as the unhealthy eating habits of day school students.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(2), 25- 37

scholarly journals Relationships of foetal haemoglobin level to age of newborn fallow deer (Dama dama)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2364-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnd Schreiber ◽  
Francisco Braza ◽  
Cristina San José ◽  
Santiago Aragón
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Foetal Haemoglobin ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Doñana National Park ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Total Haemoglobin ◽  
The Mean

The relative proportions of foetal and adult haemoglobins were quantified by densitometry of isoelectric focusing patterns in blood samples from 157 fawns from a free-living population of fallow deer (Dama dama) in Coto Doñana National Park, southwestern Spain. During the first week of life, the ratio of adult to foetal haemoglobin concentration increases with age. The proportion of foetal haemoglobin to total haemoglobin in peripheral blood proved a better indicator of age than morphological characteristics based on the persistence of natal traits in the fawns external phenotype. The erythrocytes of even the youngest fawns contained some adult haemoglobin, the mean percentage of adult haemoglobin in offspring less than 24 h of age being 13.7% in the reproductive season of 1989 (n = 28) and 7.18% in 1990 (n = 25). Half of the fawns whose blood contained less than 3% adult haemoglobin failed to survive past the first weeks of life (even when body mass was not below average), whereas not a single fawn with more than 5% adult haemoglobin on its first day of life was subsequently found dead. Even when the effects of sexual dimorphism in body size are taken into account, the blood of male fawns contained less adult haemoglobin at a given age than that of females, as was evident from significantly lower levels of adult haemoglobin when referenced to several body size covariates such as body length, shoulder height, hind-foot length, and body weight.

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