scholarly journals Changes in soil properties due to the application of activators in conditions of very heavy soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S40-S45
Author(s):  
Šařec Petr ◽  
Novák Petr
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties ◽  
Properties Of Soil

This paper deals with verification of the effect of fermented manure (with and without Z'fix activators) and soil activators (PRP Sol) on a soil properties change. Their application should lead to a change in physical, physical-chemical and biological properties of soil, along with ecological material fixation, improved water retention and infiltration, reduction of soil susceptibility to water erosion and decreased soil tillage energy requirements. Field trial was established in Sloveč in Central Bohemia in the year 2014. The experiment was divided into several variants and was designed as multiannual. Z›fix activator was used as a biological transformation activator of manure. PRP Sol was used as a soil activator. In order to verify the effect, soil infiltration, cone index, bulk density and draft of tillage implement were measured. Measurements have shown a beneficial effect of the activators with regard to the decomposition of organic matter. Consequently, changes in soil properties and a reduction of draft at tillage operations developed. Finally, the effect should evolve gradually with a prolonged activator treatment.

scholarly journals Soil Response to Fire Frequency in the Northern Columbia Basin Sagebrush Steppe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Sagebrush Steppe ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Fire is one of the most significant disturbances in an ecosystem, as it is capable of altering the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, and the fire frequency in semi-arid ecosystems is increasing. These changes can potentially alter plant-soil feedbacks that may affect post-fire recovery of the native plant and soil communities and lead to an ecosystem state change. However, there is much uncertainty about the magnitude of change as soils are exposed to more fires, because soil recovery and changes in fire severity following a first fire mediate the impact of successive fires on soil properties. To improve understanding of fire frequency effects on the soil ecology of the northern Columbia Basin sagebrush steppe ecosystem, this study assessed the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil that are critical to plant communities (e.g. soil pH, C and N, respiration and extracellular enzyme activity) from four different fire frequencies (unburned, burned once, twice, and thrice). Our study yielded three main results: 1) fire reduced the soil C concentration relative to unburned soil, but only when soil was exposed to fire once, 2) soil pH and NO3--N increased with fire frequency, whereas enzyme activity decreased, and 3) soil organic matter contents and microbial respiration were suppressed significantly in the once and thrice burned soils compared to the unburned and twice burned soils. Taken together, our findings suggest that a one-time fire in this region of the sagebrush steppe is capable of significantly changing soil properties that alter plant-soil feedbacks and hinder ecosystem resilience, thus contributing to ecosystem change particularly when fire frequency increases.

scholarly journals Degradation Level and Wetland Rice Rehabilitation Effort in Medan Krio Village Sunggal District Deli Serdang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Mhd Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The purposes of this research are to know the level of paddy field degradation, mapping level of paddy field degradation and analyze effort of paddy field rehabilitation in Beringin Subdistrict of Deli Serdang Regency of North Sumatera Indonesia to increase rice productivity. This research was conducted in Medan Krio Village, District Sunggal Regency Deli Serdang of North Sumatera. The study was conducted in March to July 2017. This research used nonfactorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 levels organic dosage treatment of Compost Waste City, i.e: B0: Control, B1: Dose 1.5% (36,00 ton/ha), B2: Dose 3% (72,00 ton/ha), B3: Dose 4.5% (108,00 ton/ha), B4: Dose 6% (144,0 ton/ha). The parameters that will be analyzed are the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in paddy fields. The result showed, treatment with Dose 6% (B4) can (1) improve physical properties of soil Bulk Density, Porosity and the effective depth of soil; (2) increase the C-organic content, N-Total levels of P-Available, CEC soil, and low C/N Ratio; (3) increase Soil organic matter and total Microbes. So, Treatment Dose 6% (B4) of compost waste city gives the best effect to the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in paddy fields

Infiltration as a tool for detecting soil changes due to cropping, tillage, and grazing livestock

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Radke ◽  
E.C. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

AbstractSoil physical and biological properties often change when different cropping, tillage, or management systems are imposed. Changes occasionally occur quickly, but usually become evident only after months or years. Infiltration rates are affected by several soil properties and may provide the most sensitive indication of changes in soil properties. To evaluate the use of infiltration measurements for detecting changes in soil properties, we conducted infiltration tests on a cropping systems experiment, a tillage experiment, and two beef cattle grazing experiments. In Pennsylvania, significant changes in infiltration rates did not occur until more than four years after converting from a conventional to a low-input cropping system. Infiltration rates were higher on 14th-year no-till plots compared with moldboard plow and chisel treatments in an Iowa tillage study. Earthworm populations and activity were highest in the no-till treatment. Infiltration rates correlated negatively with increased stocking rates in a long-term beef grazing study in Oklahoma. The number of earthworms did not correlate positively with infiltration in this study, suggesting a complex interaction. A short-term study of overwinter beef corn-stalk grazing in Iowa did not show consistent patterns in infiltration rate or other soil properties with different stocking rates. Infiltration appears to be a good indicator of soil structural changes associated with cropping, tillage, and management systems.

scholarly journals Effect of Fine Size-Fractionated Sunflower Husk Biochar on Water Retention Properties of Arable Sandy Soil

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gluba ◽  
Anna Rafalska-Przysucha ◽  
Kamil Szewczak ◽  
Mateusz Łukowski ◽  
Radosław Szlązak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Fine Size ◽  
Water Retention Properties ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Biochar application has been reported to improve the physical, chemical, and hydrological properties of soil. However, the information about the size fraction composition of the applied biochar as a factor that may have an impact on the properties of soil-biochar mixtures is often underappreciated. Our research shows how sunflower husk biochar (pyrolyzed at 650 °C) can modify the water retention characteristics of arable sandy soil depending on the biochar dose (up to 9.52 wt.%) and particle size (<50 µm, 50–100 µm, 100–250 µm). For comparison, we used soil samples mixed with biochar passed through 2 mm sieve and an unamended reference. The addition of sieved biochar to the soil caused a 30% increase in the available water content (AWC) in comparing to the soil without biochar. However, the most notable improvement (doubling the reference AWC value from 0.078 m3 m−3 to 0.157 m3 m−3) was observed at the lowest doses of biochar (0.95 and 2.24 wt.%) and for the finest size fractions (below 100 µm). The water retention effects on sandy soil are explained as the interplay between the dose, the size of biochar particles, and the porous properties of biochar fractions.

scholarly journals Makrofauna Tanah Di Lahan Hortikultura Desa Losari Kecamatan Sumowono Kabupaten Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Nurul Qomariyah ◽  
Ary Susatyo Nugroho ◽  
Mohammad Syaipul Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Land Station ◽  
Hand Sorting ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstrak: Makrofauna tanah merupakan bagian dari biodiversitas tanah yang memiliki peran penting dalam perbaikan sifat fisik, kimiawi, dan biologi tanah melalui proses imobilisasi dan humifikasi. Desa Losari merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan sumowono Kabupaten semarang yang terletak di kaki Gunung Ungaran sehingga keadaannya masih asri dan alami. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Juli 2020. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat keanekaragaman jenis makrofauna tanah yang ada di kawasan lahan pertanian Desa Losari dengan tanaman yang berbeda. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu Pit fall trap dan Hand sorting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman jenis di lokasi penelitian tergolong rendah. Total makrofauna tanah yang tercatat di lokasi penelitian sebanyak 37 jenis yang terdiri dari 3 filum. Lahan pertanian tanaman kubis (stasiun I) memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman yang tertinggi dibandingkan dengan stasiun lainnya dengan nilai H' = 1,064. Filum dengan jumlah terbanyak di lokasi penelitian adalah filum Arthropoda sebanyak 33 jenis dari 98 total jenis makrofauna tanah yang telah ditemukan.Kata Kunci: keanekaragaman makrofauna tanah; hortikultura; pit fall trap; hand sorting.Abstract: Soil macrofauna is part of soil biodiversity which has an important role in improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil through immobilization and humification processes. Losari Village is one of the villages in Sumowono District, Semarang Regency, which is located at the foot of Mount Ungaran so that the condition is still beautiful and natural. This research was conducted in July 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of diversity of soil macrofauna species in the agricultural area of Losari Village with different plants. Data were collected by two methods, namely Pit fall trap and Hand sorting. The results showed that the level of species diversity in the study location was low. The total soil macrofauna recorded at the research location were 37 species consisting of 3 phyla. Cabbage farming land (station I) has the highest level of diversity compared to other stations with a value of H' = 1.064. The phylum with the highest number in the research location was Arthropoda phylum with 33 of the 98 total soil macrofauna species that had been found.Keywords: soil macrofauna diversity; horticulture; pit fall trap; hand sorting.

scholarly journals Rapid Response Indicators for Predicting Changes in Soil Properties Due to Solarization or Biosolarization on an Intensive Horticultural Crop in Semiarid Regions

Land ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Antonio Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta ◽  
Aldara Girona-Ruiz ◽  
Iris Alarcón-Vera ◽  
María José Delgado-Iniesta
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Semiarid Areas ◽  
Campo De Cartagena ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties ◽  
Response Indicators

Agriculture practices developed since the middle of the last century have led to the degradation of different resources and made it necessary to promote agricultural models that are less aggressive towards nature. Sustainable agricultural growth requires a more efficient use of land. An experimental model was designed with four treatments in the Campo de Cartagena area (SE Spain): biosolarization with manure (BSM), biosolarization with brassicas (BB), solarization (S), and a pilot test (PT). The general objective was to determine by means of rapid response indicators the changes occurring in soil properties as a consequence of the implementation of these solarization or biosolarization practices and their influence on the quality and yield of a lettuce crop. The results show that there was no significant response in the physical and biological properties of the soil. Physicochemical properties such as pHw, and electrical conductivity (ECe), as well as chemicals such as total nitrogen (TN) and the content of some macro and micronutrients, can be considered as rapid response indicators. The highest yields (Yc) and highest commercial quality (Mc) of lettuce were obtained in the BB and BSM treatments (Yc > 23,000 kg ha−1; Mc > 413 g). These treatments resulted in biological NO3− sequestration and, in the case of BB, salt immobilization (ECe: 6 dS m−1). According to these results, BSM and BB can be recommended for sustainable agriculture and even as valid methods for the recovery of soils affected by salts and NO3−. Our results should increase the feasibility of these techniques in semiarid areas.

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